Milk ceruloplasmin is a valuable source of nutrient copper ions for mammalian newborns

This research focuses on the role of milk ceruloplasmin (Cp), the main extracellular copper-containing protein of vertebrates, as a source of copper for newborns. In the first part of the study, Cp concentration and Cp-associated copper were measured in human skimmed milk at the 1st and the 5th days postpartum. It was shown that most of the copper was associated with Cp and that the decrease in copper concentration during lactation was related to the drop of Cp levels. The following in vivo experiments demonstrated that milk [(125)I]Cp per os administered to 6-day-old rats (embryonic-type copper metabolism) was transported into their bloodstream. The electrophoretic mobility and relative molecular weight of [(125)I]Cp transferred through the cellular barrier remained unaltered. However, 22-day-old rats (adult-type copper metabolism) digested the administered milk [(125)I]Cp completely. In the final part of the study, newborn rats were fed with baby formula for 8d. It was found that these rats switched their copper metabolism from embryonic type to adult type earlier than their littermates fed by dams. Activation of Cp gene expression in the liver, increased Cp and copper concentrations in the blood, and reduced copper content of the liver were observed in the rats fed with baby formula. In the brain, no copper concentration change was observed, but Cp and copper concentrations were dramatically increased in the cerebrospinal fluid. The role of milk Cp as a source of copper adapted to embryonic-type copper metabolism is discussed.     

5%甲维盐微乳剂配方的研发及药效试验

针对5%甲维盐微乳剂利用率偏低的问题,筛选了增效作用显著、安全性高且持留量好的配方。通过筛选不同溶剂、助剂与测定其药液表面张力、铺展面积、叶片最大持留量等理化性能差异,研发出5%甲维盐微乳剂最佳配方。5%甲维盐微乳剂最佳配方为：甲维盐5%、乙醇25%、环己酮5%、602 5%,快速渗透剂T 4%,环氧大豆油3%,丙三醇3%,1#乳化剂20%,去离子水补足至100.0%。所制备的制剂性能稳定,质量可靠,各指标均符合微乳剂的相关标准要求。同时,田间防治效果表明,该制剂对月季Rosa chinensis（Jacq）上蓟马具有很好防治效果,优于市售的5%甲维盐微乳剂,对农药微乳剂配方开发具有借鉴作用。     

加味苦参汤联合紫归解毒膏对肛瘘术后创面愈合、肛肠动力学及血清TNF-α、IL-6、bFGF、TGF-β1水平的影响

目的:探讨加味苦参汤联合紫归解毒膏对肛瘘术后创面愈合、肛肠动力学及血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、转移生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平的影响。方法:选取2015年6月~2019年6月期间我院收治的肛瘘术后患者80例,以随机数字表法将患者分为研究组(n=40,加味苦参汤联合紫归解毒膏治疗)和对照组(n=40,紫归解毒膏治疗),均治疗14 d。比较两组患者疗效、创面愈合情况、肛肠动力学及相关血清细胞因子水平,记录两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:研究组治疗14 d后的临床总有效率为87.50%(35/40),显著高于对照组的65.00%(26/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,研究组创面出血评分、创面水肿评分更低,创面愈合时间更短(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗14 d后直肠静息压(RRP)、肛管静息压(ARP)均下降,但研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗14 d后血清TNF-α、IL-6水平下降,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗14 d后血清TGF-β1、bFGF水平升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论:加味苦参汤联合紫归解毒膏治疗肛瘘术后患者,可促进创面尽快愈合,改善患者肛肠动力学及血清TNF-α、IL-6、TGF-β1、bFGF水平,且不增加不良反应发生率,疗效较好。     

AFM对黄精赞育胶囊优选方处理前后大鼠弱精子超微结构的观察研究

目的:应用原子力显微镜技术实现对大鼠精子超微结构的实时成像,对比观察中药作用前后弱精子超微结构的变化.方法:制作少弱精症大鼠模型;运用非接触模式原子力显微镜技术对比观察正常精子和病理性精子在中药作用前后超微结构的动态变化.结果:获得精子头体、颈部和鞭毛等部位的实时超微结构图像.结论:AFM可直接探测精子头体的各种畸形,实现对精子全貌的观测.通过修复弱精子超微结构的病理形态学缺陷可能是黄精赞育胶囊优选方改善弱精子质量的机制之一.     

人工育幼豚鹿幼仔的生长发育规律初步研究

测定了成都动物园圈养种群中9只人工育幼豚鹿幼仔(2004～2007年)体重和8只豚鹿的体尺,并观察了8只豚鹿的牙齿(0～63 d)的生长情况.结果为:幼仔在0～54 d内体长、肩高、后足长、耳长和尾长以及体重都随日龄呈直线增长趋势,其中体长和肩高与幼仔的日龄显著相关(P<0.01).初生幼仔齿式2(I 0/2, C 0/0, P 0/0),2周龄齿式2(I 0/2,C 0/0, P 2/2),7周龄齿式2(I 0/2,C 0/2或C 1/2, P 2/2).     

AFM对黄精赞育胶囊优选方处理前后大鼠弱精子超微结构的观察研究（英文）

目的：应用原子力显微镜技术实现对大鼠精子超微结构的实时成像,对比观察中药作用前后弱精子超微结构的变化。方法：制作少弱精症大鼠模型;运用非接触模式原子力显微镜技术对比观察正常精子和病理性精子在中药作用前后超微结构的动态变化。结果：获得精子头体、颈部和鞭毛等部位的实时超微结构图像。结论：AFM可直接探测精子头体的各种畸形,实现对精子全貌的观测。通过修复弱精子超微结构的病理形态学缺陷可能是黄精赞育胶囊优选方改善弱精子质量的机制之一。     

中国安徽省祁门县大鲵属一新种（两栖纲：隐鳃鲵科）

中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)是世界上最大的两栖动物,曾在中国广泛分布。前期的3项分子遗传学研究表明：黄山的中国大鲵种群存在独特的遗传分化,是一个未被描述的物种。这3项研究中的分子数据均基于本文通讯作者1995年之前采自中国安徽省黄山市祁门县的原生大鲵标本。本文基于形态学比较,将1995年以前本文通讯作者在祁门县采集的11个大鲵标本描述为大鲵属一新种：祁门大鲵(Andrias cheni sp. nov.)。我们测量了11个标本的25个形态特征,并与大鲵属的其他物种进行比较。祁门大鲵与大鲵属其他物种可通过以下特征进行区分：(1)头躯扁平,头长略大于头宽,头宽/头长(HW/HL)比为0.80 ~ 0.98;(2)头部和下颌相对光滑,有不规则排列的小结节;(3)颈部侧褶与体褶不连续;(4)第三指比第一指长,指式Ⅰ< Ⅳ < Ⅲ < Ⅱ;(5)四肢粗而短,后肢比前肢长,前肢长/后肢长(FLL/PLL)比为0.78 ~ 0.96;(6)尾部肌肉发达,基部粗大,后部和上部逐渐变平,尾长约为总长度的1/3。经形态比较,本研究将祁门大鲵描述为新种,大鲵属物种增加到5个。本文提供了相对完备的形态数据,可为后续大鲵野生谱系的资源保护、人工种群遗传管理和增殖放流等提供参考。     

The lattice models of neutral multi-alleles in population genetics theory

The aim of this article is to study lattice models of neutral multi-alleles including Ohta-Kimura's step-wise mutation model. We shall show an outline of the construction of a unique strongly continuous non-negative semi-group associated with the infinite dimensional generator and show a general and straightforward method of obtaining the time dependent and equilibrium solutions of all polynomial moments of the gene frequencies. We shall discuss the spectrum of the diffusion processes and as an application we obtain all higher moments of the homozygosity.