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71.
Three noteworthy taxa of soil-borne onygenalean fungi are described and illustrated:Kraurogymnocarpa trochleospora, comb. nov.,Kuehniella aurea, comb. nov., andNannizziopsis albicans. In addition,Aphanoascus boninensis, which was previously described as a new species, is considered to be a synonym ofUncinocarpus orissi. 相似文献
72.
73.
From recent isolates of microfungi on soil materials collected at several localities in Japan, three onygenalean species are
described and photographed as new to Japan:Aphanoascus durus, Kuehniella racovitzae, andShanorella spirotricha.
(54) Yokoyama, T. and Nasu, H., Mycoscience41: 91–93, 2000. 相似文献
74.
75.
Michle L. Largeteau Johan P.P. Baars Catherine Regnault-Roger Jean-Michel Savoie 《Mycological Research》2006,110(4):431-440
The genetic and physiological variability of Verticillium fungicola var. aleophilum responsible for Agaricus bisporus dry bubble disease in North America is well documented but little is known about the var. fungicola affecting European crops. Variability was assessed within this variety and compared with that reported for the var. aleophilum. Eighteen isolates of V. fungicola var. fungicola and four var. aleophilum isolates were analysed for DNA polymorphism, mycelial growth, response to biochemicals produced by A. bisporus, fungicide resistance, and pathogenicity assessed by direct inoculation on sporophore or casing contamination. RAPD and AFLP markers delineated three French isolates from a homogeneous group containing the other var. fungicola isolates, but no correlation could be drawn between DNA polymorphism and the various traits studied. The var. fungicola isolates were more susceptible than the var. aleophilum isolates to the antibiosis effect of A. bisporus. Only mycelial growth rate at 23 °C could explain the variability in aggressiveness among the European isolates. The putative effect of the post-incubation temperature on contamination during mushroom cultivation was discussed. This work emphasized that, like the American var. aleophilum, the var. fungicola in Europe is genetically homogeneous, but physiological diversity exists, especially in France where it could be related to less standardized cultural practices. 相似文献
76.
Six new taxa of soil-borne onygenalean fungi are described and illustrated:Amauroascus javanicus, Myxotrichum emodense, M. retardatum, Nannizziopsis patagonica, Spiromastix princeps andS. sphaerospora. 相似文献
77.
The widespread secondary metabolite usnic acid, a dibenzofuran derivative, is the principal acetone-soluble compound in the lichen Flavocetraria nivalis. Seasonal variation in concentrations were studied in four populations of this lichen, three from Arctic-alpine habitats in the Northern Hemisphere, and one from Patagonian heathland in the Southern Hemisphere. Usnic acid is produced in large amounts, making up between 4% and 8% of thallus dry weight. Large seasonal variation is seen, with a trend towards peak levels in late spring and early summer, and generally low levels during autumn and winter. However, at an Arctic steppe in Central West Greenland, remarkably high levels were also detected during late autumn and early winter. Comparisons with environmental data using model selection procedures show that usnic acid levels of three of the populations are positively correlated with time of season, as measured by the proximity in time to nearest summer solstice, solar radiation levels, and temperature conditions. All these three variables are intercorrelated, thus indicating the same overall trend. For the three driest sites, precipitation rates are included in the models that best explain the variation in usnic acid. However, the explanatory powers of the models are generally low, partly due to high variation between thalli growing together and sampled at the same time. This is the first attempt to compare statistically seasonal variation in usnic acid concentrations and environmental variables, and thus also the first time it is shown that the concentration in various populations of the same lichen species shows different types of correlation with seasonal climatic changes. 相似文献
78.
Ribard C Rochet M Labedan B Daignan-Fornier B Alzari P Scazzocchio C Oestreicher N 《Journal of molecular biology》2003,334(5):1117-1131
No gene coding for an adenine deaminase has been described in eukaryotes. However, physiological and genetical evidence indicates that adenine deaminases are present in the ascomycetes. We have cloned and characterised the genes coding for the adenine deaminases of Aspergillus nidulans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The A.nidulans gene was expressed in Escherichia coli and the purified enzyme shows adenine but not adenosine deaminase activity. The open reading frames coded by the three genes are very similar and obviously related to the bacterial and eukaryotic adenosine deaminases rather than to the bacterial adenine deaminases. The latter are related to allantoinases, ureases and dihydroorotases. The fungal adenine deaminases and the homologous adenosine deaminases differ in a number of residues, some of these being clearly involved in substrate specificity. Other prokaryotic enzymes in the database, while clearly related to the above, do not fit into either sub-class, and may even have a different specificity. These results imply that adenine deaminases have appeared twice in the course of evolution, from different ancestral enzymes constructed both around the alpha/beta barrel scaffold. 相似文献
79.
Seven representatives of the Arthoniales, Dothideales, Lecanorales and Sordariales are known to occur on the lichen genus
Pilophorus. Lasiosphaeriopsis pilophori sp. nov. is described from the north of the Holarctic. Cercidospora cephalodiorum is reported as new to North America. Cercidospora punctillata and Dactylospora deminuta are reported on Pilophorus for the first time. The host specificity, niche specialization and distribution of the taxa are discussed. A key to the lichenicolous
fungi on Pilophorus is provided. 相似文献
80.
《Fungal Ecology》2023
Fungal spores are morphologically highly diverse and are therefore frequently used as diagnostic characters in taxonomy. However, the connection between spore morphology and fungal ecology remains poorly understood. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we investigated the putative relationships between four ascospore traits and the dominant place of infection, host ecology, and host taxonomic placement in 123 species of biotrophic parasites of bryophytes. Ascospore shape, ornamentation height and relative lipid content are significantly correlated in bryophilous Pezizales. Species attached by their hyphae to bryophyte rhizoids have more globose ascospores with higher ornamentation and relative lipid content than species attached to aboveground organs. Furthermore, some ascospore traits are significantly associated with host lifespan, habitat preferences, and taxonomic placement of their host bryophytes. Our results suggest that the ascospore morphology in this fungal group is closely linked to its ecology and several of the detected relationships point to the existence of distinct dispersal strategies. 相似文献