The MADS box gene AOM1 is expressed in reproductive meristems and flowers of the dioecious species Asparagus officinalis

MADS box genes are implicated in different steps of plant development. Some of them are expressed in vegetative organs. Most of them, however, are expressed in flower tissues and are involved in different phases of flower development. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of an Asparagus officinalis MADS box gene, AOM1. The deduced AOM1 protein shows the highest degree of similarity with FBP2 of Petunia hybrida and AGL9 (SEP3), AGL2 (SEP1) and AGL4 (SEP2) of Arabidopsis thaliana. In situ hybridization analyses, however, show that the expression profile of AOM1 is different from that of these genes: AOM1 is expressed not only in flower organs but also in inflorescence and flower meristems. These data indicate a possible function of AOM1 during flower development as well as in earlier stages of the flowering process. Asparagus officinalis is a dioecious species which bears male and female flowers on different individuals. AOM1, which is expressed very early during the process of flowering and has a similar expression profile in male and female flowers, does not seems to be involved in asparagus sex differentiation. Received: 3 July 2000 / Revision accepted: 4 August 2000     

琉璃苣BoD6D载体的构建及转化

运用植物基因工程手段构建琉璃苣BoD6D转化载体,为提高油料作物油份中γ-亚麻酸含量奠定基础.以琉璃苣基因组DNA为模板克隆BoD6D,构建酵母表达载体并转化酿酒酵母,对酵母进行诱导表达,提取脂肪酸后进行甲酯化反应,利用气相色谱分析脂肪酸含量;同时构建植物双元表达载体,经农杆菌介导通过蘸花法转化拟南芥,最后对转基因拟南...     

药用野生稻应答稻飞虱取食过程中基因表达的研究

褐飞虱和白背飞虱是水稻的刺吸式害虫。为了探讨水稻对虫害反应的分子机理,采用cDNA—AFLP(互补DNA扩增片段长度多态性)技术,研究了药用野生稻受这两种飞虱取食后基因表达的变化。通过调查约7％的虫．崮答后的药用野生稻转录本组,共分离了258个差异片段,测序112个;44个片段对应于已知或假定功能基因,其中35个基因的表达水平在白背飞虱为害后发生改变,24个基因在褐飞虱为害后改变。下调的基因比上调的基因多。有14个基因受这两种飞虱共同调节(2个上调,12个下调)。结果表明,药用野生稻对两种飞虱为害作出的反应有所不同。     

基于网络药理学的杜仲-山茱萸配伍治疗糖尿病的作用机制

为探讨杜仲-山茱萸治疗糖尿病的作用机制。研究利用网络药理学的方法,首先通过中药系统药理学数据库筛选出杜仲和山茱萸的活性成分和相关靶点,再利用DisGeNET、DrugBank等数据库筛选出糖尿病的潜在靶点。以STRING数据库对活性靶点构建蛋白互作网络(PPI)分析,采用Cytoscape3.7.0软件绘制其“成分-靶点-通路”的相互作用网络,通过CludterProfiler对靶蛋白进行生物过程、细胞组分及分子功能分析;京都基因与基因组(KEGG)的代谢通路分析。实验结果筛选得到杜仲-山茱萸有效成分30个,其中槲皮素、山奈酚、β-谷甾醇等成分对PTGS2、DPP4、ADRB2、PPARG等相关靶点通过IL-17信号通路、钙信号通路、脂肪细胞脂解的调控等参与氮化合物代谢过程、血液循环、脂肪细胞分化和血压调节等过程。综上,杜仲-山茱萸配伍治疗糖尿病存在多成分和多重药理作用机制,为进一步研究其治疗糖尿病药理实验提供了参考,也为其他中药的相关研究提供借鉴和参考。     

迷迭香植物精油对白纹伊蚊的驱避作用及其化学成分

应用水蒸气蒸溜法和超临界二氧化碳萃取法提取生长于云南的迷迭香茎叶植物精油,测试2种精油对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus Skuse的驱避作用,并利用GC/MS联用仪分析2种精油的化学成分。结果表明:超临界二氧化碳提取的迷迭香精油对白纹伊蚊的驱避时间是(5.82±1.13)h,达到国标驱避剂评价的B级标准。2种精油化学成分中都含有驱纹活性物质:柠檬烯、樟脑、Eucalyptol、(+)-4-Carene、1-methyl-4-(1-methyle thylidene)-cyclohexene、Beta-pinene等,且驱蚊活性成分在挥发油中占有较高比例,显示该植物精油在驱蚊方面有一定开发价值。     

乌檀的化学成分研究

从珍稀药用植物乌檀(Nauclea officinalis)的枝叶中分离得到1个甾醇类、3个三萜类、2个酚类和1个生物碱类化合物。通过光谱分析,分别鉴定为豆甾-4-烯-3-酮(1)、铁冬青酸(2)、常春藤皂苷元(3)、3-羰基奎诺瓦酸(4)、2,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸(5)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸(6)和Strictosamide(7)。7个化合物均是首次从乌檀中得到。     

The metabolism of [3-H]oleanolic acid and its monoglycosides in cytoplasm and vacuole of protoplasts isolated from Calendula officinalis leaves

Isolated protoplasts from C. officinalis leaves were supplied with [3-³H]oleanolic acid, its 3-O-monoglucoside and 3-O-monoglucuronide. Transformations of these compounds into two series of oleanolic acid glycosides, i.e. glucosides (derivatives of 3-O-monoglucoside) and glucuronides (derivatives of 3-O-monoglucuronide) in the extravacuolar space and the vacuole were investigated. In the cytoplasm free oleanolic acid is glycosylated to both monoglycosides and to higher glycosides. Monoglycosides are partly hydrolysed to free oleanolic acid and partly glycosylated to higher derivatives. The vacuole contains the same radioactive compounds as the extravacuolar space. However, it seems most likely that these compounds are transported there from the sites of their synthesis in the cytoplasm.     

药用野生稻GBSS基因的系统发育及组织特异性表达

淀粉作为主要的碳水化合物在储藏能量方面发挥至关重要的作用。颗粒结合型淀粉合酶(GBSS)与直链淀粉的合成息息相关。尽管该酶的编码基因已在许多栽培植物中被分离和确定, 但有关它们在作物野生近缘种中的序列分歧和表达的研究却相对较少。该研究以药用野生稻(Oryza officinalis)为研究对象, 定性和定量地分析了GBSS编码基因的序列特点、与其它植物同源基因的进化关系以及在叶和种子中的表达情况。系统发育分析表明, 该酶在禾本科植物中分别由GBSSI和GBSSII基因编码。在药用野生稻中, 这2种基因所编码蛋白的氨基酸序列一致性为62%, 并且它们在不同器官内呈现时空分化表达, 其中GBSSI在种子中超强表达, GBSSII则主要在叶片表达。     

Identification of two markers linked to the sex locus in dioecious <Emphasis Type="Italic">Asparagus officinalis</Emphasis> plants

One hundred decamer primers of random-amplified polymorphic DNA were tested on dioecious Asparagus officinalis plants to identify sex-linked molecular markers. One primer (S368) produced two markers (S368-928 and S368-1178) in female plants. These two DNA markers were identified in 30 male and female plants, respectively, and a S368-928 marker was proved to be linked to the female sex locus. The female-linked S368-928 marker was sequenced and specific primers were synthesized to generate a 928 bp marker of sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) in female plants, SCAR₉₂₈. SCAR₉₂₈ could be used to correctly screen homozygous mm female plants of A. officinalis. However, results of Southern blot analysis suggest that the hybridization pattern of S368-928 was presented in both sex plants. This text was submitted by the authors in English.