中国蒙新区土蝽科一新种及四新纪录：半翅目：土蝽科

本文记录了我国蒙新区土蝽科１新种：新疆光土蝽Ｓｅｈｉｒｕｓ ｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。及４个中国新纪录种：黄圆土蝽Ｂｙｓｉｎｕｓ ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌａｔｕｓ Ｅ．Ｗａｇｎｅｒ,小圆土蝽Ｂ．ｍｉｎｏｒ Ｅ．Ｗａｇｎｅｒ,光头伊土蝽Ａｅｔｈｕｓ ｌａｅｖｉｃｅｐｓ Ｋｅｒｚｈｅｒ及斜光土蝽Ｓ．ｐａｒｅｎｓ Ｍｕｌｓａｎｔ ｅｔ Ｒｅｙ。     

凝集素抑制林蛙卵裂沟新膜外露的作用

剥去受精膜的林蛙卵分裂时,分裂沟中的新膜会暴露出来。林蛙老膜上有大量均匀分布的麦胚和大豆凝集素受体。卵裂前,将剥去受精膜的蛙卵浸于上述的凝集素溶液中,新膜的外露就被抑制。凝集素愈浓,浸泡时间愈长,抑制愈大。在这些卵的表面可看到一层较厚的由凝集素引起的外被。碱处理过的受精卵表面,凝集素受体减少,凝集素抑制新膜外露的作用亦减弱,由凝集素引起的外被亦薄。凝集素是多价的,会在细胞表面产生交链,形成“外骨骼”,抑制新膜外露。凝集素也可通过受体,影响微丝,产生作用。     

Evolution of the supraorbital region in Upper Pleistocene fossil hominids from South-Central Europe

South-Central European fossil hominids dated to the Upper Pleistocene exhibit a distinct morphological and metric continuum in supraorbital form from early Neandertal (Krapina), through late Neandertals (Vindija), to early Upper Paleolithic hominids. The supraorbital morphologies pertinent to this continuum are documented, and the alterations in size and morphology are discussed ralative to the function of supraorbital superstructures and their relationship to overall craniofacial form. It is concluded that this continuum most likely reflects localized transition between Neandertals and modern man in this region of Europe.     

中国蜘蛛抱蛋属一新记录种——博格纳蜘蛛抱蛋

报道了产自中国云南喀斯特地区的蜘蛛抱蛋属一新记录种——博格纳蜘蛛抱蛋（Aspidistra bogneri H.-J.Tillich）。该种以前报道仅产于越南宁平省菊芳国家公园（Ninh Binh,Cuc Phuong National Park）,本次是中国首次记录。对该种的特征进行了详细描述并提供了彩色图片,凭证标本存放于中国科学院昆明植物研究所标本馆（KUN）。     

Different rates of substitution may produce different phylogenies of the eutherian mammals

Summary In an attempt to resolve some points of branching order in the phylogeny of the eutherian mammals, a phylogenetic analysis of 26 nuclear and 6 mitochondrial genes was undertaken using a maximum likelihood method on a constant rate stochastic model of molecular evolution. Seventeen of the nuclear genes gave a primates/artiodactyls grouping highest support whereas three of the mitochondrial genes found a rodents/artiodactyls grouping to be best supported. The primates/rodents grouping was never the best supported. On the assumption that rodents are indeed an outgroup to primates and artiodactyls and that the latter taxa diverged 70 million years ago, an estimation was made, for each gene, of the time of divergence of the rodent lineage. In most cases such estimates were beyond the limits set by present interpretations of the paleontological record as were many estimates of the divergence time of mouse and rat. These results suggest that, although there is locus variation, the divergent position of the rodent lineage may be an artifact of an elevated rate of nucleotide substitution in this order.     

青藏高原东缘的锈菌资料Ⅱ.裸堆串孢锈菌属在我国的首次记录

裸堆串孢锈菌属以冬孢子单孢串生为主要特征,孢子堆裸露缺包被,外观酷似柄锈属的孢子堆。此属已知7种。寄生于菊科,大戟科和荨麻科植物,6种分布美洲,1种分布东亚.本文报告亚洲仅知的一种,即寄生于宽叶孢麻Urtica laetevirens Maxim.的川息尔堆串孢锈菌Baeodromus tranzschelii Azbukina,标本采自四川九寨沟(岷山).     

Effect of glucose on protein phosphorylation in rat pancreatic islets

Isolated rat pancreatic islets, incubated in the presence of extracellular ³²Pi to steady state ³²P incorporation into cellular phosphopeptides, were exposed to glucose for 10 min. Glucose (16.7 mM) significantly stimulated the phosphorylation of six phosphoproteins with molecular weights of 15,000, 35,000, 49,000, 64,000, 93,000 and 138,000. Mannoheptulose (16.7 mM) markedly inhibited glucose-stimulated phosphorylation of these six phosphoproteins. This protein phosphorylation might be important in mediating glucose-stimulated insulin release.     

Genetic analysis of transpositions in the lac region of Escherichia coli

The lac region of Escherichia coli, carried on an F′ lacproB episome, was used as a target for the transposition of several transposable elements. Tn9 shows a preferential integration (by a factor of 50) into a region extending from the end of the Z gene through the Y gene. Throughout the remainder of the lacI, Z and Y genes one other short region, located in the middle of the I gene, is favored for integration. Within these favored regions many different integration points are evident. Inspection of the DNA sequence for the I and Y genes, and parts of the Z gene, shows a strong correlation between A + T richness and regions of preferential integration. Tn5 insertions follow a similar pattern, although with less preference; whereas Tn10 insertions (provided by T. J. Foster), also favor the Y gene and the end of Z, but are distributed among fewer integration points. Most of the Tn3 insertions into the episome are accompanied by a nearby or adjacent deletion.     

Micropithecus clarki, a small ape from the Miocene of Uganda.

Micropithecus clarki, from Miocene sediments of Napak, Uganda, is the smallest known hominoid primate, living or fossil. In facial morphology it is very similar to extant gibbons. Dentally, it is most similar to the small apes from the Miocene of Kenya, Dendropithecus and Limnopithecus. All of the apes from the early Miocene of East Africa seem to represent a single phyletic group that could be easily derived from the Oligocene apes known from the Fayum of Egypt. Pliopithecus from the Miocene of Europe is more closely allied with the Oligocene radiation than with the later East African radiation.