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31.
Fundamental genetic studies were initiated for the monoecious red alga Gelidium vagum. Color and sterility mutants were isolated and characterized to provide genetic tools, initially to identify hybrid plants when they occurred in crosses, and secondarily to eliminate self-fertilization altogether. When fertility phenotypes were scored, rapid onset of reproduction in culture was favored by long day-length, moderately high irradiance levels from fluorescent lights, warm temperature and the addition of Tris buffer to the medium. A recessive green mutant (designated grn 1) was characterized and used in subsequent crosses to allow a clear distinction between non-hybrid (green) and hybrid (red) offspring. Additional color mutants and a variety of reproductive mutants were also isolated and characterized. Male-sterile mutants had phenotypes ranging from apparently normal plants to those that produced no spermatia. Female-sterile mutants also included a variety of phenotypes, some plants having post-fertilization malfunctions during the development of the carposporophyte. Only a fraction of the sterility mutations have been phenotypically or genetically characterized, but some are straightforwardly inherited as stable, nuclear, single-gene defects. From the genetic recombination pattern, one female-sterile mutant may be loosely linked (39 cMorgans) to the grn 1 marker gene. Male sterility very effectively eliminated selfing without affecting the production of carpospores in crosses, thereby overcoming one of the most serious genetic difficulties in working with this monoecious species. 相似文献
32.
P. Mailleux†‡ K. Takazawa§ C. Erneux§ J.-J. Vanderhaeghen†‡ 《Journal of neurochemistry》1991,56(1):345-347
The distribution of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) 3-kinase mRNA in the rat brain is reported using oligonucleotides based on a cDNA clone sequence that encodes rat brain InsP3 3-kinase and the in situ hybridization technique. Moderate levels were found in CA2-4 pyramidal neurons, in the cortex, and in the striatum. The cerebellar granule cells, thalamus, hypothalamus, brainstem, spinal cord, and white matter tracts were almost negative. The levels of InsP3 3-kinase mRNA were highest in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, granule cells of the dentate gyrus, and cerebellar Purkinje cells. These results contrast with the lower concentration of the InsP3 receptor already reported in the hippocampus versus the Purkinje cells and suggest a special role for inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate in Ammon's horn. 相似文献
33.
Recent reports have revealed that the asymmetric nature of the nuclear genome of somatic hybrids, produced following the irradiation of one of the parents with X- or gamma rays, is generally much less than had been anticipated. As a consequence, we have begun to investigate whether UV radiation might be used as an alternative or indeed a supplement to the presently-used ionising radiation techniques in such experiments. Cell culture studies have revealed that UV radiation induces the desired physiological effects in sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris ) protoplasts, namely, a prevention of cell division without immediate cytotoxicity. Preliminary studies using denaturing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis have shown that UV can also induce substantial physical fragmentation of DNA. When using the same techniques, less breakdown was observed following gamma radiation. All results were highly reproducible. Such results augur well for the potential use of UV in asymmetric somatic cell fusion experiments. 相似文献
34.
Coffee genes associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and incompatible reaction against coffee leaf rust inoculation were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization. Analysis of 384 clones of each of the subtracted cDNA libraries identified genes involved in oxidative burst/apoptosis/hypersensitive response, synthesis of antimicrobial proteins, synthesis and transport of antimicrobial metabolites, signal perception and transduction, metabolism of lipids, regulated protein degradation and cell maintenance and development. Induction of distinct sets of genes in the two resistance responses was observed. A wide range of genes involved in defence responses described in other plant species was also found in coffee plants. Semi-quantitative and quantitative RT-PCR analysis of seven selected genes showed differences in their expression profile within 72 h after treatment. Full-length cDNA sequences of two β-1,3-glucanases, one induced during SAR and the other in the incompatible reaction, were obtained by 5' and 3' RACE and the sequence data suggest different properties and cellular localization of the encoded proteins. 相似文献
35.
刘德团;李婉莎;胡向阳 《植物研究》2012,32(4):420-424
以流石滩地区植物广布种宽果苁菔为实验材料,应用磁珠介导的抑制消减杂交方法,分离昼夜差异基因。随机挑选了136个差异ESTs克隆并进行测序,测序结果使用Blast2go程序进行功能注释和分析。结果表明绝大部分ESTs功能与稳定细胞状态和抗性响应相关,其次与物质能量代谢和信号传导相关,宽果苁菔适应昼夜变化过程的机制非常复杂,本研究为进一步研究高山植物适应流石滩恶劣环境的机制奠定了基础。 相似文献
36.
原癌基因ras在玉米中同源序列的检出及其荧光原位杂交定位 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
原癌基因ras是动物中抑制细胞凋亡的重要基因之一。以人的ras基因为探针,通过Southern杂交技术,确证玉米和水稻中均含有ras基因的同源序列;同时,运用荧光原位杂交技术,首次对ras基因在玉米中的同源序列进行了定位。结果表明:ras探针在第2号和第7号染色体上均检出了杂交信号,信号检出率分别为10.85%和14.15%,杂交信号与着丝粒的百分距离分别为 54.92± 1.90和 94.62± 2.77。上述研究结果为植物细胞凋亡的进一步研究提供了线索和帮助。 相似文献
37.
We discuss the difficulties of the numerical simulation of a stroke, and we describe the numerical methods which we have developed and used to obtain some realistic results. Nowadays, the computations are performed in two-dimensional slices of a brain, but the strategies to obtain full three-dimensional simulations are explored. This paper is written so as to be understandable by non-mathematicians. 相似文献
38.
籼粳亚种间杂交稻米脂肪含量的遗传分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用包括基因型×环境互作效应的种子性状遗传模型,研究了籼粳亚种间杂交稻米脂肪含量的遗传特性,结果表明:在籼粳杂种中,脂肪含量的遗传表达主要受控于种子直接加性效应和母体加性效应,以前者为主.基因型X环境互作主要表现为显性(包括直接显性和母体显性)X环境以及细胞质X环境工作.直接近传率和母体遗传率都极显著.此外,根据遗传效应预测值对供试条本的利用价值作了评价. 相似文献
39.
40.
C. M. Lin S. D. Kung 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1984,68(3):213-218
Summary Using the existing restriction map and probes from wheat and pea ct-DNA, seven protein genes have been localized in the chloroplast genome of N. tabacum. On the clock-like map, the location of each gene is indicated by its time zone: the 15.2 kD polypeptide of the cytochrome b/f complex at 315, cytochrome f at 430, LS of RuBPCase at 450, both and subunits of ATP synthase at or near 500, proton-translocating subunit of ATP synthase at 820, subunit of ATP synthase at 840 and the 32 kD protein at 930. The genome organization of Nicotiana chloroplast DNA is similar to spinach. 相似文献