杜仲茶加工工艺与营养成分相关性研究

本文利用高效液相色谱仪、氨基酸自动分析仪等对不同加工工艺所生产的杜仲茶中的绿原酸、氨基酸、水溶性糖及蛋白质的含量进行了测定。结果表明:采用炒青的加工工艺所得的杜仲茶质量最佳。     

Stimulation of plant growth and gutta content in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. by 2-diethylaminoethyl-3,4-dichlorophenylether [DCPTA]

The application of 2000 ppm 2-diethylaminoethyl-3,4-dichlorophenylether [DCPTA] to greenhouse-grown Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. plants resulted in an 18% increase in the gutta content. Leaf area and plant height were also enhanced. Field studies employing 100 ppm of a proprietary regulator, FVCL2, produced a 20% increase in leaf gutta.Reference to a company or product name does not imply approval or recommendation of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.     

Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Eucommia ulmoides Leaves

A field study on the photosynthetic characteristics in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was conducted using a LI-6200 Portable Photosynthesis Analysis System as a measuring device and the modified half-leaf method. It was revealed that the light-saturating photosynthetic rate measured in leaves was in a range of 6~10 μmol CO2 · m-2 · s-1, and the lowest apparent quantum requirement was about 17. The CO2 compensation concentration of photosynthesis was a little more than 100μmol · mol-1 indicating that E. ulmoides was a C3 type plant. Besides stomatal limitation, photoinhibition of photosynthesis was a possible cause of the midday depression in photosynthetic rate. Only about 14 percent of the photosynthetic product was transported from the leaves during photosynthesis.     

Ultrastructural Observation of Changes of Polysaccharide Grains in Dormant Shoots of Eucommia ulmoides

Cytochemical and ultrastructural studies indicated that compound spherical bodies observed near the sieve plate in the sieve tube members during the period of cambial dormancy in the shoots of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were polysaccharide bodies different from the polysaccharide grains in other parenchyma cells in shoots, and were similar to cell walls in their staining properties. The compound spherical bodies occurred in the sieve elements during the period of cambial rest and disappeared in the sieve elements during the period of cambial quiescence and activity.     

Dynamic Changes in Distribution of Lignin and Hemicelluloses in Cell Walls During Differentiation of Secondary Xylem in Eucommia ulmoides (in English)

The dynamic changes in the distribution of lignin and hemicelluloses (xylans and xyloglucans) in cell walls during the differentiation of secondary xylem in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were studied by means of ultraviolet light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy combined with immunogold labelling. In the cambial zone and cell expansion zone, xyloglucans were localized both in the tangential and radial walls, but no xylans or lignin were found in these regions. With the formation of secondary wall S1 layer, lignin occurred in the cell corners and middle lamella, while xylans appeared in S1 layer, and xyloglucans were localized in the primary walls and middle lamella. In pace with the formation of secondary wall S2 and S3 layer, lignification extended to S1, S2 and S3 layer in sequence, showing a patchy style of lignin deposition. Concurrently, xylans distributed in the whole secondary walls and xyloglucans, on the other hand, still localized in the primary walls and middle lamella. The results indicated that along with the formation and lignification of the secondary wall, great changes had taken place in the cell walls. Different parts of cell walls, such as cell corners, middle lamella, primary walls and various layers of secondary walls, had different kinds of hemicelluloses, which formed various cell wall architecture combined with lignin and other cell wall components.     

中药杜仲原植物的分子鉴定

杜仲是我国特有贵重中药材,市场供不应求,各地出现许多伪品,为克服目前仅依据形态、显微特征及理化性状进行鉴别的不足,本研究旨在运用分子标记技术鉴定中药杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliv的真伪。采用PCR产物直接测序法测定杜仲原植物matK基因序列,通过Clustal软件将其与GenBank中同源序列进行排序比较,分析杜仲序列特征。结果:测定的杜仲matK序列长度为1140bp,同源序列比较分析表明,杜仲matK序列中存在32个特异性位点,其中特异性A、T、C、G位点分别为8,2,11,11,序列中有一个GAC插入为杜仲所独有。matK基因是良好的分子标记,能够为杜仲原植物鉴定提供足够的特异性变异位点,matK基因序列的测序分析可成为杜仲正品鉴定的有效手段。     

南方红壤区杜仲 (Eucommia ulmoides)树干液流动态

采用根据热平衡原理设计的热扩散探针(Thermal dissipation sap flow velocity probe,TDP),于2004年7月到10月对南方红壤区的杜仲人工林的树干液流进行连续监测,结合所测定的相关因子,分析杜仲液流的变化规律及其与各因子的关系。结果表明,在不同月份,杜仲液流速率的日变化规律基本一致,呈单峰曲线,但是树干液流在启动时间、峰值出现时间上存在差异;从7月到10月份,杜仲树干液流速率逐渐增大,10月份液流速率达到1.818 g/(cm2.h);杜仲液流速率与太阳辐射、空气相对湿度、温度、风速等气象因子相关性显著,但是太阳辐射和空气相对湿度是影响杜仲液流的重要因子,其中7月到9月份,太阳辐射是主要影响因子,而10月份,空气相对湿度占主导地位;树干液流与胸径、冠层厚度以及胸径平方与树高之积呈现出显著的相关性。     

杜仲种质资源果实主要数量性状变异及概率分级

为更好对杜仲种质资源果实进行评价及描述,丰富数量化、规范化的杜仲种质资源描述系统。本研究以331份杜仲种质资源为材料,对杜仲果实18个主要数量性状进行统计分析和概率分级。结果显示：杜仲果实数量性状变异较为丰富,硬脂酸变异系数最大,为17.88%,其次是种仁大小指数（17.17%）,亚麻酸变异系数最小,为4.64%。经K-S检验,除种仁横径和种仁大小指数Sig值小于0.05外,其余性状均大于0.05,符合正态分布。种仁横径和种仁大小指数呈偏态分布,去除拖尾部分,也近似看作正态分布。对符合正态分布的数量性状统一用（X-1.2818S）、（X-0.5246S）、（X+0.5246S）、（X+1.2818S）4个点分为5级,使1~5级出现的概率分别为10%、20%、40%、20%和10%。本研究初步建立了杜仲种质资源果实数量性状概率分级指标体系,对杜仲种质资源果实性状评价、利用及良种选育具有一定指导意义,同时为我国杜仲种质资源果实性状描述规范和数据标准化的建立提供参考。     

杜仲雄花中次生代谢物合成积累的动态变化

对杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.)雄株不同花期雄花中次生代谢产物含量进行分析测定,并对杜仲雄花次生代谢的生理基础及不同花期次生代谢产物含量差异进行了探讨.研究结果表明,雄花在不同花期次生代谢产物含量均有差异.总黄酮含量在花蕾期最高(4.010%),始花期最低(2.422%),从盛花期到末花期逐渐上升;桃叶珊瑚苷和绿原酸含量均在花蕾期最高(分别为2.351%和1.075%),盛花期最低(分别为1.463%和0.503%),至末花期含量上升;京尼平苷酸含量在始花期最低(0.217%),从盛花期开始逐渐升高,至末花期高达1.403%;次生代谢产物总量也以花蕾期为最高(7.420%).杜仲雄花的花蕾期和盛花期是兼顾质量和产量的最佳采摘期.