全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3163篇 |
免费 | 198篇 |
国内免费 | 532篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 23篇 |
2023年 | 74篇 |
2022年 | 77篇 |
2021年 | 94篇 |
2020年 | 120篇 |
2019年 | 158篇 |
2018年 | 129篇 |
2017年 | 142篇 |
2016年 | 108篇 |
2015年 | 103篇 |
2014年 | 164篇 |
2013年 | 266篇 |
2012年 | 104篇 |
2011年 | 211篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 212篇 |
2008年 | 183篇 |
2007年 | 192篇 |
2006年 | 171篇 |
2005年 | 140篇 |
2004年 | 144篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 88篇 |
2001年 | 70篇 |
2000年 | 55篇 |
1999年 | 51篇 |
1998年 | 52篇 |
1997年 | 53篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 34篇 |
1994年 | 25篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 38篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 32篇 |
1984年 | 27篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 28篇 |
1981年 | 24篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 26篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有3893条查询结果,搜索用时 131 毫秒
41.
Georges M. Pavlov Evguenija V. Korneeva Natalia P. Yevlampieva 《International journal of biological macromolecules》1994,16(6):318-323
The hydrodynamic characteristics of the polysaccharide pullulan (polymaltotriose) in water have been investigated and its molecular characteristics have been determined. Experimental values varied over the following ranges: velocity sedimentation coefficient (S): 0.9 < S < 11.2, translational diffusion coefficient (107 cm2 s−1): 1.1 < D < 14.7 and intrinsic viscosity (cm3 g−1): 6.7 < [η] < 164, which corresponds to a change in molecular weight (× 103) in the range 3.9 < MSD < 644. On the basis of analysis of the literature and our experimental data, excluded volume effects have been shown to have a prevailing influence on the chain length of these polysaccharides. The equilibrium rigidity and hydrodynamic chain diameter of pullulan were evaluated on the basis of the theory of hydrodynamic properties of a wormlike necklace, taking into account excluded volume effects. At low M (< 30 × 103) the translation friction data (in contrast to viscometric data) cannot be described in the framework of the theory of linear molecules. 相似文献
42.
43.
In this work we study the temperature dependence of the Soret band lineshape of deoxymyoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, in the range 300–20 K. To fit the measured spectra we use an approach originally proposed by Champion and coworkers (Srajer et al. 1986; Srajer and Champion 1991). The band profile is modelled as a Voigt function that accounts for the coupling with low frequency vibrational modes, whereas the coupling with high frequency modes is responsible for the vibronic structure of the spectra. Moreover, owing to the position of the iron atom out of the mean heme plane, inhomogeneous broadening brings about a non-Gaussian distribution of 0–0 electronic transition frequencies. The reported analysis enables us to isolate the various contributions to the overall bandwidth, and their temperature dependence points out the relevance of low frequency vibrations and of large scale anharmonic motions starting at temperatures higher than 170 K. Information on the mean iron-heme plane distance and on its temperature dependence, as well as on the heme pocket conformational disorder, is also obtained.Abbreviations Cc
Carbon monoxide
- Hb
Human deoxyhemoglobin A
- HbCO
human carbonmonoxyhemoglobin A
- SWMb
spermwhale deoxymyoglobin
- SWMbCO
spermwhale carbonmonoxymyoglobin
- HbO2
human oxyhemoglobin A
- SWMb3+-H2O
spermwhale aquometmyoglobin 相似文献
44.
Soil-eating byAlouatta andAteles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kosei Izawa 《International journal of primatology》1993,14(2):229-242
Among 12 species of New World monkeys studied in La Macarena Region and the River Caquetá basin of Colombia, onlyAlouatta seniculus andAteles belzebuth were frequently observed to eat soil. They do this at particular sites on the ground called salados by local people. They also eat termite nests found on tree trunks. OnlyAteles drink the water of salado sites. The chemical properties of 17 soil samples and 5 water samples were analyzed. The results are discussed in relation to the question of whyAlouatta andAteles eat soil. 相似文献
45.
菜心(BrassicacampestrisL.ssp.chinensisvar.utilis)叶子高速捣碎后,滤液经酸碱处理,硫酸铵分步沉淀,凝胶柱层析等步骤分离纯化溶菌酶,酶比活力达3414.6U/mg,纯化倍数为197.4。菜心溶菌酶在较宽的温度或pH值范围均有活性,最适温度为60℃,最适pH值为5.8,底物Km值为87μg/mL。该酶对热和酸碱的稳定性较高,巯基和酪氨酸残基不是该酶活性中心的必需基团。 相似文献
46.
经硫酸铵分部沉淀、SephacrylS-300和DEAE-纤维素柱层析纯化了小球藻RubisCO,得率为15%,比活力达1.232μmolCO2ms-1min-1,分子量是500kD,它和菠菜叶片RubisCO在分子量、亚基组成和免疫特性等方面相似,反映RubisCO在高等和低等植物中有较高的同源性。自养小球藻RubisCO占细胞可溶性蛋白质的24%。而异养转变后的小球藻细胞内不含RubisCO。异养小球藻向自养生长转变过程中,20h后细胞内叶绿素含量逐渐增加,24h时细胞内出现RubisCO,24h后大量增加,至41h时含量达最高峰;标志着小球藻细胞光合作用能力的恢复和加强。 相似文献
47.
Disruption of animal cells in turbulent capillary flows has been predicted from a model of cell-hydrodynamic interactions using cell mechanical properties determined by micromanipulation. Eddies of sizes similar to or smaller than the cells are presumed to interact with those cells, causing local surface deformations. The proposed mechanism of cell damage is that such deformations result in an increase in membrane tension and surface energy and that a cell disrupts when its bursting membrane tension and bursting surface energy are exceeded. The surface energy of the cells is estimated from the kinetic energy of appropriately sized eddies. To test the model, cells were disrupted in turbulent flows in capillaries at mean energy dissipation rates up to 2 x 10(4) m(2)/s(3). In all cases the model underestimated the cell disruption by about 15%. Such good agreement implies that the approach of the model to the complicated phenomena of cell turbulence interactions is reasonable. (c) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
48.
Rotifers were cultured with five different organic and inorganic fertilizers in nursery ponds. Of the fertilizers used, mustard oil cake gave significantly (p < 0.01) higher production of rotifers than that of mohua oil cake followed by cow-dung, wheat bran, mixture of NPK and control. The higher production of rotifers was directly related with the higher doses of fertilizers. Among the rotifer species identified, the abundance of Brachionus caudatus and B. forficula were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than others. Available N, available P, exchangeable K and exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg were generally higher in ponds where organic fertilizers were used. Proximate composition of rotifers varied depending on the kinds of fertilizers. The multiple correlations of physico-chemical properties were highly significant (p < 0.01) with the growth and production of B. caudatus (R = 0.995), B. forficula (R = 0.932), Trichocerca capucina (R = 0.917), B. patulus (R = 0.901) and B. angularis (R = 0.892) and simply significant (p < 0.05) in the case of Keratella tropica (R = 0.880), Hexarthra intermadia (R = 0.875), B. calyciflorus (R = 0.864) and Filinia spp. (R = 0.856) contributing 91.20%, 86.86%, 84.09%, 81.18%, 79.57%, 77.44%, 76.56%, 74.65% and 73.27% of total effect of water properties on the growth of these species, respectively. The residual effect of nine different physico-chemical properties of water on the production of rotifers was 78.92% which indicates that these properties of water had only 21.08% influence on the production of rotifers. 相似文献
49.
为探索适合格木(Erythrophleum fordii)人工林在幼龄阶段的种植密度,在不同林分密度(2 m×1 m、2 m×2 m、2 m×3 m、3 m×3 m)的6 a生格木人工林下设置标准样地,采用土壤质量评价和灰色关联度等方法,探究不同密度下格木幼林的土壤理化与林下植被特征。结果表明,密度2 m×3 m下的林木胸径、树高最优,较最低水平高16.7%、27.9%;土壤总孔隙度最大,全N、硝态N、铵态N含量最高,灌木草本多样性最高。相关性分析表明土壤化学性质对灌木草本的多样性影响最大。不同林分密度下格木幼林土壤理化性质及林下植物多样性有显著差异,因此,选择合适的林分密度对人工林土壤肥力的可持续利用及林分的经营培育至关重要。 相似文献
50.
将树鼩胸主动脉分层剥离,用组织块贴壁法,体外培养出主动脉内皮细胞,历经一年,传至23代,命名为TSaec-8910。倒置显微镜下细胞单层生长,呈铺路石样镶嵌排列,第Ⅷ因子相关抗原阳性,透射电镜观察,细胞质内未找到Weibel-Palade小体。细胞生长曲线及分裂指数示9~12d汇合成单层,按1:2或1:3传代,传代间隔为lO~14d,细胞冻存复苏后接种存活率为31.5%,细胞染色体检查为二倍体细胞,2n=62,雄性。内皮细胞生长因子、上皮细胞生长因子、条件培养基和附着底物对TSaec-8910细胞有明显影响,细胞在玻璃瓶壁上贴壁时间为24~18h,而在涂有鼠尾胶瓶壁则为4h左右,内皮细胞生长因子、上皮细胞生长因子能促进TSaec-8910细胞贴壁和增殖,20%TSaec-8910细胞条件培养基亦能良好地维持细胞形态。 相似文献