钩端螺旋体外膜疫苗的流行病学效果评价

为了评价国产钩端螺旋体外膜疫苗的流行病学效果。于1998年6－10月,用队列研究和病例对照研究等方法在钩体病流行区5－60岁农业人口 ,观察比较接种组和对照组钩体发病情况。队列研究显示,钩体外膜疫苗对同血清群钩体的保护率为75．17％,效果指烽为4．03。1：2配对调查的疫苗保护率为81．25％,1：3配对结果为73．33％。用筛选法估计的疫苗效果为755。不同研究方法的结果相近,均一致说明,该疫苗的流行病学效果较理想。研究结果还显示,该疫苗对异血清群钩体也有一定的保护作用。     

黑河流域浮游植物及其地理分布特征研究

1997年5至8月对黑河（中）流域河道、湖泊、沼泽的10站位的调查中,共鉴定浮游植物8门109种（未鉴定到种的按1种计）,其中蓝藻（Cyanophyta）16tkhh,bqvnaiks(Cryptophyta)2种,甲藻（Pyrrophyta)3种,金藻（Chrysophyta)4种,黄藻（Xanthophyta)4种,裸藻（Euglenophyta)8种,绿藻（Chlorophyta)38种,硅藻（Bacillariophyta)34种。南部祁连山山区的浮游植物种类很贫乏。中下游诸点有黑河流域浮游植物全部属、种,故可以认为黑河流域浮游植物地理分布具有与河流水文分带相对应的垂直地理性分异。     

Notes on compositional diversity

This paper tries to show some ways and means of simple (binary) modelling, whereby diversity can be interconnected with other attributes of a community. A new type of scaling (called characteristic scaling) is introduced for further use.     

Characterization and preliminary crystallographic data on the VL-related fragment of the human kI Bence Jones protein Wat

A “naturally occurring” human κI V_L dimer, designated Wat, has been isolated and crystallized. Protein Wat consists of two non-covalently bound monomers, each having a molecular weight of ~ 11,500. The monomer subunit is composed of an entire variable region light chain (V_L) domain closely homologous to that of the κI Bence Jones protein Roy (Hilschmann &; Craig, 1965) as evidenced from amino acid composition, tryptic peptide map, and sequence analysis. Immunochemical studies substantiated that protein Wat is of the κ chain subgroup κI and lacks the isotypic and allotypic antigenic determinants associated with the κ constant region light chain domain. Two types of crystals of V_L dimer Wat were obtained from ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol solutions. The type I crystals have unit cell dimensions of $\text{a = b = 82.6}\text{A}\text{?}\text{, c = 60.3}\text{A}\text{?}$, and the space group is hexagonal P6₂ or P6₄. The asymmetric unit consists of one V_L dimer; the fractional volume of unit cell occupied by solvent is 0.51. The unit cell dimensions of the type II crystals are $\text{a = b = 1,08.3}\text{A}\text{?}\text{, c = 108.8}\text{A}\text{?}$; the space group is hexagonal P6₁22 or P6₅22. Three variable domains constitute the asymmetric unit of the type II crystals; the fractional value of the solvent (0.52) is compatible with the value obtained for the type I crystals.     

Construction and Comparison of Two Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves Derived from the Same Samples

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are used to describe the performance of diagnostic procedures. This paper proposes a simple method for the statistical comparison of two ROC curves derived from the same set of patients and the same set of healthy subjects. Generalization to studies involving more than two screening factors is straightforward. This method does not require the calculation of variances of the areas or difference of areas under the curves.     

中国蹄盖蕨科一新记录植物——光叶对囊蕨

报道了采自安徽省金寨县天堂寨镇的中国对囊蕨属一新记录植物——光叶对囊蕨Deparia otomasui(Sa.Kurata)Seriz.。光叶对囊蕨之前仅发现于日本,其根状茎细长横走,叶片一回羽状,羽片羽状分裂,叶为纸质,有光泽,近光滑无毛,是对囊蕨属中形态较为独特的一个物种。该文对光叶对囊蕨的形态特征进行了详细描述,并提供了生态照片和线描图,编制了安徽省对囊蕨属部分物种的检索表,同时对该种的保护等级进行了评估。凭证标本保存于上海辰山植物标本馆(CSH)。     

The utility of inflammation and platelet biomarkers in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Introduction

Thrombotic and inflammatory mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of the study was the evaluation of inflammation (white blood cells count/WBC, C-reactive protein/CRP, interleukin-6/IL-6) and platelet (platelet count/PLT, mean platelet volume/MPV, large platelet/LPLT, beta-thromboglobulin/β-TG) biomarkers in the groups of ACS patients depending on the severity of signs and symptoms and compared to controls without coronary artery disease.

Quantification of root water uptake in soil using X‐ray computed tomography and image‐based modelling

Spatially averaged models of root–soil interactions are often used to calculate plant water uptake. Using a combination of X‐ray computed tomography (CT) and image‐based modelling, we tested the accuracy of this spatial averaging by directly calculating plant water uptake for young wheat plants in two soil types. The root system was imaged using X‐ray CT at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 d after transplanting. The roots were segmented using semi‐automated root tracking for speed and reproducibility. The segmented geometries were converted to a mesh suitable for the numerical solution of Richards' equation. Richards' equation was parameterized using existing pore scale studies of soil hydraulic properties in the rhizosphere of wheat plants. Image‐based modelling allows the spatial distribution of water around the root to be visualized and the fluxes into the root to be calculated. By comparing the results obtained through image‐based modelling to spatially averaged models, the impact of root architecture and geometry in water uptake was quantified. We observed that the spatially averaged models performed well in comparison to the image‐based models with <2% difference in uptake. However, the spatial averaging loses important information regarding the spatial distribution of water near the root system.     

Respiratory symptoms and lung function in taxi drivers and manual workers

The aim of this study, was to determine the prevalence of some respiratory symptoms and possible diseases among taxi drivers and manual workers. This prospective study was performed on 165 Pakistani male drivers, (mean age: 34.5±7.8 years) and 165 Pakistani male manual workers not exposed to dust or fumes, without occupational exposure to driving employed in the Water and Electricity Department and recruited as controls (mean age: 34.6±7.6 years and mean height and weight 169.8±6.0 cm and 71.9±10.9 kg). The data on chronic respiratory symptoms showed that taxi drivers had higher prevalence of symptoms than manual workers, being significantly greater for asthma (RR=1.72; 95% CI=1.00–2.88,P=0.037); allergic rhinitis (RR=2.41; 95% CI=1.46–3.94,P=0.0006); dyspnea (RR=2.13; 95% CI=1.22–3.71,P=0.009); and nasal catarrh (RR=2.19; 95% CI=1.22–3.91,P=0.0106). Thirty percent of taxi drivers and 27% of manual workers were smokers, there was no significant differences in the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms between smokers and non-smokers. Lung function parameters in the taxi drivers were significantly lower than in manual workers group (P<0.0001) except PEF parameter. When comparing the measured mean values of lung function parameters in the drivers among smokers and nonsmokers, there was no significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Also, a comparison of ventilatory capacity of paired predicted values with measured normal values showed statistically significant differences between predicted and measured values for taxi drivers and manual workers for FVC, FEV₁, FEF_25–75 and PEF parameters except for FEV₁/FVC test in manual workers. In conclusion, the results of the present study provide evidence regarding effects of such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and gases exposures on taxi drivers and long-term driving, which may be associated with the development of chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function impairment.     

苹果梨耐贮特性的生理研究

苹果梨在贮藏期间较低的呼吸强度和乙烯释放量是其耐贮性高的主要生理原因。低浊条件抑制呼吸和乙烯释放,有利于苹果梨贮鲜。