Identification of a yolk sac cell population with hematopoietic activity in view of CD45/c-Kit expression

During murine embryonic development, primitive hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac (YS). Recent studies have shown that the YS also harbors definitive hematopoietic activity. However, the population of YS cells contributing to definitive hematopoiesis has not been identified. In this study, we characterized the hematopoietic cell populations in the YS of mouse embryos from E9.5 to E14.5 in view of the expression profiles of CD45 and c-Kit. The YS cells from E9.5 to E11.5 could be divided into six populations: CD45(-) c-Kit(-) , CD45(-) c-Kit(low) , CD45(-) c-Kit(high) , CD45(low) c-Kit(high) , CD45(high) c-Kit(high) and CD45(high) c-Kit(very low) . Among these populations, CD45(low) c-Kit(high) cells showed the highest multilineage hematopoietic colony-forming activity. Later in development, the YS cells from E12.5 to E14.5 lost the second and fourth populations (i.e., they retained CD45(-) c-Kit(-) , CD45(-) c-Kit(high) , CD45(high) c-Kit(high) and CD45(high) c-Kit(very low) cells), and concurrently with the disappearance of the CD45(low) c-Kit(high) population, no significant hematopoietic activity was found in any of the populations on and after E12.5. CD45(low) c-Kit(high) YS cells, which had a round morphology with a large nucleus, possessed the ability to differentiate into myeloid and B lymphoid cells when cultured with stromal cells. These findings suggest that CD45(low) c-Kit(high) YS cells include more undifferentiated cells than the other YS cell populations and possess in vitro potency to differentiate into multilineage hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, this cell population disappears from the YS at around E12.5, when the site of hematopoiesis has already shifted to the fetal liver and the placenta.     

褶纹冠蚌珍珠囊发育的研究

以褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata Leach)为实验对象,应用光学显微技术和扫描电子显微技术研究珍珠囊的发育,结果表明在水温16℃左右时约需30d形成具有单层上皮细胞的珍珠囊,6个月后稳定分泌珍珠质。构成珍珠囊的上皮细胞从高柱状逐渐变成扁平状或立方形,细胞的碳酸酐酶污性也日益增强。大部分移植细胞小片的结缔组织与母蚌的结缔组织共同成层排列在珍珠囊腔外围。游走细胞在珍珠囊的早期发育阶段十分活跃。本文还阐明了珍珠囊液是存在于上皮细胞与珍珠表面之间的一薄层流体状物质。碳酸钙结晶的核化(nucleation)和初期生长都发生在珍珠囊液中。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术治疗腹股沟斜疝患儿的疗效及对血清炎性指标和免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察经脐单孔腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术治疗腹股沟斜疝患儿的疗效及对血清炎性指标和免疫功能的影响。方法：研究为回顾性研究,选取2018年1月~2020年12月期间在我院接受治疗的198例腹股沟斜疝患儿的临床资料,按照手术方式的差异分为传统组（97例）和微创组（101例）。传统组接受开放性腹股沟斜疝疝囊高位结扎术,微创组接受经脐单孔腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术,观察两组手术相关指标、血清炎性指标和免疫功能变化情况,记录随访期间并发症发生率并作组间对比。结果：与传统组相比,微创组切口总长度更短,手术时间、住院时间缩短,术中出血量减少（P<0.05）。术后2 d组间对比,微创组免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、免疫球蛋白A（Ig A）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平均高于传统组（P<0.05）。术后2 d组间对比,微创组血清白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞计数均低于传统组（P<0.05）。与传统组相比,微创组随访期间并发症发生率更低（P<0.05）。结论：经脐单孔腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术治疗腹股沟斜疝患儿,具有创伤小、手术时间短、并发症少、术后恢复快等优势,且该术式引起的炎症反应及免疫抑制程度均较传统治疗更轻,是治疗此类患儿的良好选择。     

圆背角无齿蚌血细胞在体内和体外损伤修复过程中的功能

以圆前角无齿蚌为材料,采用外套膜小片的异体移植与加入血细胞的体外培养,研究了血细胞在体风,唯物 修复及珍珠囊构建中的功能。结果表明人工育珠手术后的损伤修复中,血细胞有形成无颗粒细胞层修复伤口、６诱导表皮细胞迁移和再生并形成珍珠囊的功能,而在体外的组织培养中加入血细胞比不加入血细胞的对照组,能更快地诱导上皮细胞迁移和再生,在整个伤面形成２覆盖层,即形成类似珍珠囊结构。本文首次在国内、外报道了用细胞培     

动物气味的顶空取样技术及其在水貂肛腺成分分析中的应用

我们设计了一种用于动物气味的顶空 (headspace)取样装置 ,并结合溶剂解吸附和气质联用技术 ,通过对水貂 (Mustelavision)肛腺分泌物的挥发性成分的分析验证这种装置的可行性。出现 5个气谱峰 ,对应的质谱显示其分子量和分子式依次为峰 1:10 2 (C5H10 S)、峰 2 :10 4(C5H12 S)、峰 3:10 2 (C5H10 S)、峰 4:136(C5H12 S2 )和峰 5 :134 (C5H10 S2 )。峰 1、峰 3和峰 5分别为以前研究所鉴定出的 3种主要成分 :2 ,2 二甲基硫代环丁烷、2 乙基硫代环丁烷和 3,3 二甲基 1,2 二硫代环戊烷 ,2 ,2 二甲基硫代环丁烷为优势成分 ,组成无性别间差异。这些结果与以前研究一致 ,说明了这种顶空取样装置的可靠性。峰 2和峰 4两种成分以前在水貂肛腺中未曾发现 ,初步分析可能分别为 3 甲基 1 丙基硫醇和 1,5 戊二硫醇。尽管这两个成分有待进一步分析确定 ,但可以肯定分子量为 10 4和 136的成分不仅在水貂肛腺分泌物中没有发现过 ,而且在已经研究过的鼬属动物和食肉类的肛腺中都未发现过 ,能检测出更多的成分 ,说明这种方法的可靠性很高。     

水稻受精前后胚囊内钙调素分布的变化：免疫金电镜观察

用胶体金免疫电镜技术观察了水稻 (Oryzasativasubsp .japonica)受精前后胚囊内钙调素的分布变化。授粉后 ,卵细胞、助细胞和中央细胞内的钙调素较授粉前均有所增加。中央细胞内钙调素的增加要比卵细胞中约早 2h ,退化助细胞与宿存助细胞之间的钙调素含量无明显差异。授粉到受精期间 ,钙调素的主要分布形式由分散的单颗粒转变为聚集颗粒 ,受精完成后再变为分散的单颗粒形式。胚囊壁及珠心细胞的细胞壁和胞间隙中也观察到钙调素的分布和数量变化。初步讨论了胞内和胞外钙调素在水稻受精与合子形成中的作用。     

锦天牛属阳茎内囊结构

采用显微解剖和冰冻组织切片方法研究锦天牛属Acalolepta三种天牛阳茎内囊的结构,发现内囊骨化结构物,尤其端部骨化结构物,及其控制内囊伸缩的加厚侧带和有聚集精子作用的射精管壶腹结构,在探讨天牛科分类和系统发育上均具有重要意义。     

竹节参雌配子体发育的研究

本文报道了竹节参(Panax japonicus C.A.Mey)雌配子体(胚囊)的发育过程。竹节参大孢子母细胞减数分裂产生线形排列的大孢子四分体。胚囊发育属蓼型,由合点端大孢子发育而成。游离核胚囊时期,胚囊珠孔端的细胞器种类和数量都较胚囊合点端多;胚囊合点端相邻的珠被细胞中有含淀粉粒的小质体,与胚囊珠孔端相邻的退化中的非功能大孢子中则有含淀粉粒的大质体和大类脂体。成熟胚囊中,反足细胞较早退化;极核融合成次生核;卵细胞高度液泡化,细胞器数量较少;助细胞则有丰富的细胞器和发达的丝状器。PAS反应表明,受精前的成熟胚囊中积累淀粉粒。次生核受精后,很快分裂产生胚乳游离核,到几十至数百个核时形成胚乳细胞。卵细胞受精后则要经过较长的休眠期。     

非洲狼尾草未受精无孢子生殖胚囊退化研究

为理解植物无孢子生殖胚囊未受精条件下的退化,对无孢子生殖植物非洲狼尾草未受精成熟胚囊中央细胞退化做了细胞形态学研究。没有受精的中央细胞退化时最显著的特点是细胞核产生核膜囊泡。核膜囊泡有两种类型:单层膜的囊泡和双层膜的囊泡,单层膜囊泡在细胞质中,双层膜囊泡在细胞核内。核膜囊泡有两种发生方式:1)核膜的外膜向细胞质一侧膨胀产生囊泡,囊泡进入细胞质;2)核膜向核内凹陷形成囊泡,囊泡进入细胞核。核膜囊泡类型与产生方式密切关联。核膜囊泡吞噬并消化包括线粒体在内的细胞质和核质。     

A tobacco mutant with a reduced cell number in embryo sacs

 The semisterile tobacco plant BG-141.4 was produced using both irradiation with X-rays and anther culture. The embryological investigation of the progeny of this plant following selfing (R1) revealed disturbances in the structure of the mature embryo sacs (ESs). The major abnormality was a decrease in cell number in the ESs. Other abnormalities included disturbances in the distribution of nuclei and in cell differentiation. The overall frequency of abnormal ESs in individual plants investigated varied from 8% to 83%, while the frequency of ESs with a reduced number of cells varied from 5% to 72%. Since the examination of three subsequent generations - R2, R3 and R4 - showed similar results, it is concluded that a mutation has been induced. Its main phenotypic manifestation is most likely related to its lacking one or two nuclear division(s) during the coenocytic stage of megagametogenesis. The penetrance of the mutation varies widely. Received: 18 November 1996 / Revision accepted: 16 May 1997