Atrial natriuretic peptide binding in rat placenta,yolk sac,decidua, and materal placental vessels

Using in vitro autoradiography, binding sites of ¹²⁵I-ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) were localized in the rat placenta, visceral yolk sac, and decidua at 16, 18, and 20 days of gestation. There was diffuse binding over the labyrinthine region of the placenta and an intense binding over the decidual gland and visceral yolk sac. In the yolk sac, ANP localized over the cores of the villi where it may be involved with the regulation of transport across the membranes or the flow of blood through the vitelline vessels. Of particular interest was binding over the maternal blood vessels supplying the decidual region and placenta. Receptors were located on the endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of the arteries and veins, indicating that ANP may be involved with regional regulation of blood flow to the placenta.     

花生种子老化相关蛋白质的初步研究

本文以粤油 116花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)为材料,对不同处理种子的除子叶“种胚”(以下简称“种胚”)的蛋白质进行了研究.实验结果表明,当花生种子活力下降到一定程度时,其“种胚”内出现一种新蛋白质( pI6.2、MW 10 KD),随种子老化程度加深,含量逐渐增多.我们认为该蛋白质与花生种子老化存在着一定的相关关系,可作为该种子老化的标志.     

Reproductive biology of the slender smoothhound,Gollum attenuatus,collected from New Zealand waters

Synopsis The reproductive biology of 385 male and 373 female slender smoothhounds,Gollum attenuatus, collected from New Zealand waters was examined. Size at maturity for both sexes was about 700 mm TL. Litter size was usually two. The sex ratio of embryos was 1:1. The right ovary ovulated 50–100 ova, 4–8 mm in diameter, and 30–80 ova were enclosed in each egg capsule. Only one embryo developed from the many ova in each egg capsule, the other undeveloped ova were ingested and passed to an external yolk sac which formed the yolk supply for the developing embryo.     

菰属系统与演化研究—胚形态

本文采用光学显微镜对全世界菰属４种２亚种及其有关属种共４属７种的胚形态进行系统研究后,获得菰属Ｚｉｚａｎｉａ Ｌ．与山涧草Ｃｈｉｋｕｓｉｃｈｌｏａ ａｐｕａｔｉｃａ Ｋｏｉｄｚ．的胚型为Ｆ＋ＦＰ,稻Ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．与拟菰Ｚｉｚａｎｉｏｐｓｉｓ ｍｉｌｉａｃｅａ（Ｍｉｃｈｘ．）Ｄｏｅｌｌ ＆ Ａｓｃｈｅｒｓ．的胚型为Ｆ＋ＦＰ,其中山涧草的胚型为首次报导。根据胚型,这４属均应位在禾本科Ｇ     

Isolation and propagation of yolk-sac-derived endothelial cells from a hypervascular transgenic mouse expressing a gain-of-functionFPS/FES proto-oncogene

Summary We report on the isolation and propagation of endothelial cells from the mouse embryonic yolk sac, the earliest site of blood vessel development, and on the advantages of a hypervascular transgenic mouse source of these cells. These transgenic mice express multiple copies of an activated allele of the humanfps/fes proto-oncogene and display hypervascularity progressing to multifocal hemangiomas. This phenotype suggested a role of thefps/fes proto-oncogene in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis and led us to investigate the growth characteristics of yolk-sac-derived endothelial cells from transgenicfps/fes embryos. We have established eight independent cell clones from a mixture of transgenic and control yolk sacs from Day 12 embryos. Southern blot hybridization analysis showed all eight clones to be derived from transgenic cells suggesting a growth advantage of cells carrying the activatedfps/fes gene. A cell line, Clone 166 (C166), established from one of these clones, was more fully characterized. C166 exhibits normal endothelial characteristics, such as rearrangement into tubelike structures when placed on Matrigel, expression of angiotensin converting enzyme, retention of cobblestone morphology at confluence, and the presence of cell surface receptors for acetylated low density lipoprotein. The cells constitutively express murine endothelial cell adhesion molecule VCAM-1 and the vascular addressin identified by antibody MECA-99. As expected, the cell line expresses high levels of the cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinase encoded by thefps/fes proto-oncogene. The clone we have described as well as other endothelial cell lines that we have established from the mouse embryonic yolk sac should prove useful for the study of endothelial cell differentiation and for the determination of the mechanisms underlying the establishment of organ-specific endothelial cell heterogeneity.     

美国青蛙胚胎受脉冲电场刺激后对其生长发育的影响研究

本文在青蛙胚胎诸生长期的核驰豫研究及电磁场对淡水鱼胚刺激后能促进其生长发育及机理研究的基础上,利用华东师范大学物理系研制的ＡＣＨＶ－２型脉冲电场刺激仪对美国青蛙的早期及神经期胚胎进行适当强度的刺激发现,它能使胚胎的孵化率提高２０％以上,存活率提高３０％左右,并能促进其后斯的生长发育速率达３０％,研究结果进一步证明作者提出的电场作用机理的合理。     

The zygote and proembryo of alfalfa: quantitative,three-dimensional analysis and implications for biparental plastid inheritance

Summary Genetic studies have demonstrated biparental inheritance of plastids in alfalfa. The ratio of paternal to maternal plastids in the progeny varies according to the genotypes of the parents, which can be classified as strong or weak transmitters of plastids. Previous cytological investigations of generative cells and male gametes have provided no consistent explanation for plastid inheritance patterns among genotypes. However, plastids in the mature egg cells of a strong female genotype (6–4) were found to be more numerous and larger than in mature eggs of a weak female genotype (CUF-B), and the plastids in 6–4 eggs are positioned equally around the nucleus. In CUF-B, the majority of plastids are positioned below (toward the micropyle) the mid level of the nucleus, which is the future division plane of the zygote. Since only the apical portion of the zygote produces the embryo proper, plastids in the basal portion were predicted to become included in the suspensor cells and not be inherited. In the present study, we examined zygotes and a two-celled proembryo from a cross between CUF-B and a strong male genotype (301), a cross that results in over 90% of the progeny possessing paternal plastids only. Our results indicate that the distribution of plastids observed in the CUF-B egg cell is maintained through the first division of the zygote. Further, paternal plastids are similarly distributed; however, within the apical portion of the zygote and in the apical cell of the two-celled proembryo, the number of paternal plastids is typically much greater than the number of maternal plastids. These findings suggest that maternal and paternal plastid distribution within the zygote is a significant factor determining the inheritance of maternal and paternal plastids in alfalfa.     

锦橙汁囊的超微结构

用常规电镜方法观察了锦橙［Ｃｉｔｒｕｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ （Ｌ．） Ｏｓｂ．］汁囊从原始细胞到发育为一个具柄的成熟汁囊的过程中,汁囊构成细胞超微结构的变化。锦橙汁囊原始细胞及发育为球状体时的构成细胞以及柱状结构顶端的细胞都是一种典型的分生组织细胞。在细胞质中有包括线粒体、质体、内质网、核糖体等丰富的细胞器,但没有观察到高尔基体。这些分生细胞分裂一段时期后就停止活动,逐渐分化为适应贮藏功能的液泡化薄壁细胞。分生细胞开始分化时,在细胞中出现许多小液泡和高尔基体。这些小液泡逐渐地融合,同时细胞质变少,最后形成一个有中央大液泡的薄壁细胞,在紧贴细胞膜的薄薄的一层细胞质中有线粒体、质体、高尔基体以及含有许多脂滴的杂色体。但成熟果实中汁囊的薄壁细胞中几乎没有任何细胞器。     

Direct freezing of cattle embryos after partial dehydration at room temperature

A new and simple method for freezing of bovine morulae and blastocysts was developed. Embryos were predehydrated at room temperature, frozen at -30 degrees C (cooling rate = 12 degrees C/min), and plunged into liquid nitrogen. This method was compared in vitro and in vivo to the slow freezing method (0.3 degrees C/min to -30 degrees C). Predehydration of the embryos in 1.5M glycerol was achieved by sucrose solution that makes the cells osmotically shrink. After the predehydrated morulae and blastocysts were frozen and thawed, 6 .4% (33 52 ) were developed in vitro for 48h and 44.2% (23 52 ) were hatched. Development obtained with slowly frozen embryos were 70.8% (17 24 ) and 58.3% (14 24 ) respectively. After transfer to recipient heifers, 33.3% (7 21 ) of the embryos frozen according this new method developed normally into viable foetuses or calves. This was the case for 48.5% (16 33 ) of the slowly frozen embryos.