广西楼梯草属五新种

描述了在中国广西发现的楼梯草属五新种:小果楼梯草(Elatostema microcarpum W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)在体态方面与荔波楼梯草(E. liboense W. T. Wang)极为相似,但茎较低矮,不具软鳞片,叶上面无毛,钟乳体较小而可区别。圆序楼梯草(E. gyrocephalum W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)在体态上与浅齿楼梯草(E. crenatum W. T. Wang)相似,但叶两面均有糙伏毛,侧脉较少,4～6对,钟乳体较小,长约0.1 mm而不同。对序楼梯草(E. binatum W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)在亲缘关系方面与深绿楼梯草(E. atroviride W. T. Wang)相近,但茎和叶无毛,雄花序托较小,近方形,长度及宽度约6.5 mm,小苞片较小,长约1.5 mm,无毛,可以区别。河池楼梯草(E. hechiense W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)似华南楼梯草(E. balansae Gagnep.)但叶的渐尖头全缘,钟乳体较小,长0.1～0.15 mm,雌花序苞片顶端无角状突起,可以区别。环江楼梯草(E. huanjiangense W. T. Wang & Y. G. Wei)可能与樟叶楼梯草(E. petelotii Gagnep.)有亲缘关系,但后者的叶全缘,钟乳体较大,长0.3～0.7 mm,侧脉在狭侧3条,在宽侧4条,雌花序常有长花序梗,而与本种相区别。     

小叶榕不同提取物的主要药效学研究

为研究小叶榕不同提取部位的镇咳、抗炎作用,采用氨水致咳小鼠动物模型、枸橼酸致咳豚鼠动物模型来评价小叶榕不同提取部位的镇咳作用;采用二甲苯滴耳廓致肿胀的小鼠动物模型、大鼠棉球肉芽肿动物模型来评价小叶榕不同提取部位的抗炎作用。结果表明:小叶榕醇沉不溶物能延长小鼠和豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期,但不能减少咳嗽次数,小叶榕水提物、水提醇沉溶解物、大孔吸附树脂吸附洗脱物能延长小鼠和豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期,并能减少咳嗽次数,其中水提醇沉溶解物镇咳作用最强;小叶榕醇沉不溶物不能减轻二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓肿胀的程度,能减轻大鼠棉球肉芽肿足跖肿胀的程度,但效果不明显,小叶榕水提物、水提醇沉溶解物、大孔吸附树脂吸附洗脱物均能明显减轻二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓肿胀的程度,并能明显减轻大鼠棉球肉芽肿足跖肿胀的程度。这表明国产小叶榕不同提取部位具有明显的镇咳、抗炎作用。     

广西楼梯草属三新种和一新变种

描述了在中国广西发现的楼梯草属3新种和1新变种:马山楼梯草Elatostema mashanense W.T.Wang & Y.G.Wei与滇黔楼梯草E.backeri H.Schroter相近缘,但茎被向上展的短糙伏毛,叶顶端通常尾状渐尖,边缘具小牙齿或圆齿,具三出脉而与后者相区别。变种毛茎圆序楼梯草Elatostema gyrocephalum W.T.Wang&Y.G.Weivar.pubicaule W.T.Wang&Y.G.Wei的茎在近顶端处密被短柔毛,雌花序托不分裂,苞片中部黑色而与模式变种不同。黑苞楼梯草Elatostema nigribracteatum W.T.Wang&Y.G.Wei与显苞楼梯草E.bracteosum W.T.Wang在亲缘关系上相近,但茎被微柔毛,叶有短柄,叶片较小,长达7mm,纸质,上面无毛,钟乳体较小,长0.1～0.15mm,雌花序分裂成2个二回头状花序,苞片和小苞片呈黑色,无毛,花序托上有数条小枝,而与后者明显区分。天峨楼梯草Elatostema tianeense W.T.Wang&Y.G.Wei似E.hookeriano Wedd,但叶在边缘下部三分之一以上或中部以上有较多小牙齿,具半离基三出脉,托叶较小,狭三角形或三角状钻形,长1～2.5mm,雌花枝粗壮,雌苞片条状三角形,无角状突起而不同。     

广西樟科植物新发现

广西樟科植物新发现韦发南（广西植物研究所,桂林５４１００６）关键词新种;广西;樟科;卵果琼楠;小果厚壳桂;斑果厚壳桂ＮＥＷＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＦＯＲＬＡＵＲＡＣＥＡＥＦＲＯＭＧＵＡＮＧＸＩＷｅｉＦａｎａｎ（ＧｕａｎｇｘｉｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｏｔａｎｙ...     

中国楼梯草属(荨麻科)植物省级分布新记录

报道荨麻科楼梯草属7种1变种植物在我国6个省区分布的新记录,其中广西分布新记录的有算盘楼梯草和多歧楼梯草,贵州分布新记录的有曲毛楼梯草,海南分布新记录的有锐齿楼梯草和深绿楼梯草,湖南分布新记录的有短毛楼梯草,四川分布新记录的有丝梗楼梯草,云南分布新记录的有细角楼梯草。     

金桔秋季光合特性初步研究

采用Li-6400型便携式光合测定系统对多年生金桔的光合特性进行研究。结果表明,金桔净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,存在光合"午休"现象,最高峰出现在11:00左右,次峰出现在14:00,日最大净光合速率为3.4467 μmol/m²·s。净光合速率与蒸腾速率、气孔导度之间呈正相关,与胞间CO₂浓度呈负相关;在400 μmol/mol CO₂浓度下,光补偿点为67 μmol/m²·s,光饱和点为672 μmol/m²·s。金桔的光合特性表现为典型的阳性耐荫植物,对光照的适应性较强。     

盆栽榕树炭疽病的病原菌

福建漳州是我国出口创汇植物盆栽榕树Ficus microcarpa的重要生产基地,近些年来炭疽病发生严重。为明确该病的病原菌种类,本文从福建漳州盆栽榕树栽培基地采集炭疽病病叶,通过对病原菌的分离、纯化和培养,致病性测定及rDNA-ITS和actin（肌动蛋白）基因序列分析,证明该病菌为盘长孢状刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides。这是盘长孢状刺盘孢菌所致盆栽榕树炭疽病在国内的首次报道。     

Six new species of Elatostema (Urticaceae) from Yunnan

Six new species of the genus Elatostema (Urticaceae), E.dentatocaudatum, E.baoshanense, E.cuipingfengense, E.viridicostatum, E.flexuosicaule and E.globosostigmatum, from Yunnan Province, China are described and illustrated. The diagnostic differences between the six new species and their respective allies are given.     

中国楼梯草属和赤车属(荨麻科)植物在各省的分布新记录

报道荨麻科楼梯草属和赤车属共18种植物在我国9个省区的分布新记录,其中有安徽的对叶楼梯草,福建的骤尖楼梯草和异被赤车。甘肃的庐山楼梯草。广西的大叶赤车,贵州的樱叶楼梯草,裂序楼梯草,曲毛赤车和波缘赤车,湖南的梨序楼梯草,四川的裂序楼梯草和漾濞楼梯草,西藏的翅苞楼梯草,拟盘托楼梯草,贡山楼梯草和李恒楼梯草,云南的短齿楼梯草,无苞楼梯草,樱叶楼梯草。裂序楼梯草和伏毛楼梯草。     

Chemical composition of volatiles from the syconia of Ficus microcarpa and host recognition behavior of pollinating fig wasps北大核心CSCD

Aims: Chemical communication plays a key role in host plant recognition of pollinators. There are two recognized types of chemical communication between syconia and their pollinating fig wasps: one is "generalization", of which the wasps respond to the relative ratio of multiple compounds, and the other is "specialization", of which the key signal is a single uncommon, possibly unique, compound. The aims of this study were to identify the chemical composition of volatiles from the syconia of Ficus microcarpa at different developmental phases, and to determine if the signaling between F. microcarpa and its pollinating fig wasp, Eupristina verticillata, is of generalized type, or of specialized type. Methods: The volatiles from syconia of F. microcarpa were extracted using solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) at different developmental phases (pre-female, female (before and after pollination), interfloral, male and postfloral phases) and the chemical compounds were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We then tested the behavioral responses of E. verticillata to fresh syconia at different developmental phases using two-choice olfactometers. Important findings: There were 21 volatile compounds identified from the syconia at different developmental phases, which were mainly fatty acid derivatives, terpenoids and aromatic compounds. The components of the volatiles apparently differed among the developmental stages. The contents of terpenoids declined, but the contents of fatty acid derivatives increased, from before the pollination to after the pollination. Especially, the characteristic compounds of 2-heptanone and 3-octanone before the pollination disappeared, D-limonene decreased after the pollination, but copanene, cyclohexane and 2-hexenal increased. The results of the two-choice olfactometer experiment showed that the pollinating fig wasps had higher selection ratio to chemicals found in the female phase syconia than those in other phases; whereas the volatile compounds from the male phase syconia had the function pushing the pollinating fig wasps to leave the natal syconia so that there existed the "push-pull" responses by fig wasps to volatiles released by their host syconia. We conclude that there are multiple chemical compounds playing the roles in host recognition of pollinating fig wasp E. verticillata. The mutualistic relationship between F. microcarpa and E. verticillata is maintained by the chemical communication of "generalization" strategy.