香青兰酚酸性化学成分的研究

从香青兰(Dracocephalum moldavica L.)乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到8个酚酸性化合物,经过理化性质、波谱分析及文献对照,分别鉴定为amburoside A(1)、阿魏酸(2)、咖啡酸(3)、迷迭香酸(4)、迷迭香酸甲酯(5)、木犀草素(6)、山奈酚(7)和β-胡萝卜苷(8)。其中化合物1～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

采收期对不同种质香青兰生长和产量及其药效成分的影响

以种质‘蒙青兰1号’、白花香青兰、山东香青兰、甘肃香青兰、新疆香青兰种子为材料,分析盐碱地栽培中采收期(盛花期、终花期、成熟期)对不同种质香青兰生长生理特性、药材产量及药效成分含量的影响,为内蒙古中部地区盐碱地中推广种植香青兰提供依据。结果显示：(1)种质资源、采收期及其互作效应对香青兰的形态生长指标有一定的显著性影响;随着采收期的推迟,各种质香青兰的鲜重表现为逐渐降低的趋势,并以盛花期为最佳;株高等形态生长指标均表现为逐渐增高的趋势,并以成熟期为最佳。(2)抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质等抗逆生理指标表现为逐渐降低的趋势,并以盛花期为最佳。(3)光合气体交换参数表现为逐渐降低的趋势,并以盛花期为最佳。(4)药材产量表现为先增高后降低的趋势,以终花期为最佳;药效成分含量则表现为逐渐降低的趋势,并以盛花期为最佳。其中,终花期的‘蒙青兰1号’药材产量最高(4 692.32 kg·hm^-2);盛花期的新疆香青兰药效成分含量最高,总黄酮含量达23.40 mg·g^-1,挥发油含量达0.59%。研究表明,在各种质与采收期组合中,终花期的‘蒙青兰1号’药材产量最高,盛花期的新疆香青兰生长特性以及药效成分含量均为最高;在栽培实践中,注重产量可选择‘蒙青兰1号’并于终花期进行采收为宜,追求药效则采用新疆香青兰并于盛花期采收为宜。     

霜霉属一新种

本文报道了采自我国新疆天山的唇形科（Labiatae）青蓝（DracocophalumrnyschianumL．）上的霜霉菌新种——青蓝霜霉（PeronosporadracocophaliC．J．LietZ．Y．Zhaosp．nov．）。对该种的形态做了拉丁文和汉文描述,并附有特征图。模式标本保存于新疆农业大学真菌标本室。     

Stereochemistry of flavonoidal alkaloids from Dracocephalum rupestre

Phytochemical studies on the aerial parts of Dracocephalum rupestre led to the isolation of four groups of flavonoidal alkaloids, dracocephins A-D. They were elucidated as conjugates of flavanone with pyrrolidin-2-one on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The two stereogenic centers rendered each group of the dracocephins as two pairs of enantiomers simultaneously. All of the sixteen isomers were separated successfully by chiral HPLC and their stereochemical features were determined by their CD data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of one stereoisomer. The additive relation of the chiroptical contributions resulting from the two stereogenic centers was generalized. The CD contribution of the chiral carbon in the pyrrolidin-2-one ring was proposed by subtraction of their respective contributions.     

异叶青兰挥发性化学成分研究

采用毛细管气相色谱－质谱联用法对异叶青兰挥发性化学成分进行了研究,经毛细管色谱分离出１８４多个峰,共确认了其中１５４种成分,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的８３．５２％。用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量,其主要化学成分为４－甲基噻唑、６,６－二甲基－二环「３,３,１」－庚－２－烯－２－甲醇,４－（１－甲基乙基）－苯甲醇、十六酸乙酯等。     

Hairy root induction and plant regeneration of medicinal plant Dracocephalum kotschyi

An efficient hairy root induction system for an important endangered medicinal plant, Dracocephalum kotschyi, was developed through Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation by modifying the co-cultivation medium using five bacterial strains, A4, ATCC15834, LBA9402, MSU440, and A13 (MAFF-02-10266). A drastic increase in transformation frequency was observed when a Murashige and Skoog medium lacking NH₄NO₃ KH₂PO_4, KNO₃ and CaCl₂ was used, resulting in hairy root induction frequencies of 52.3 %, 69.6 %, 48.6 %, 89.0 %, and 80.0 % by A4, A13, LBA9402, MSU440, and ATCC15834 strains, respectively. For shoot induction, hairy roots and unorganized tumors induced by strain ATCC15834 were placed on an MS media supplemented with 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/l BA plus 0.1 mg/l NAA. The high frequency of shoot regeneration and number of shoot were obtained in the medium containing 0.25 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l NAA. Root induction occurred from the base of regenerated shoots on the MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA after 10 days.