骨愈灵片联合依降钙素注射液对骨质疏松症患者Oswestry功能障碍指数评分及骨密度、骨代谢指标的影响

摘要 目的：探讨骨愈灵片联合依降钙素注射液对骨质疏松症患者Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）评分及骨密度、骨代谢指标的影响。方法：选择我院2018年3月~2021年2月间收治的骨质疏松症患者156例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组（采用依降钙素注射液治疗）和研究组（采用骨愈灵片联合依降钙素注射液治疗）,各为78例。观察两组疗效、不良反应,对比两组ODI评分、腰椎L2-L4、桡骨远端1/3处和股骨颈的骨密度、骨代谢指标[血钙 、血磷 、骨钙素（BGP）和β-胶原降解产物（β-CTX）]、炎性指标[促生长因子（IGF-1）、白介素-1（IL-1）、白介素-8（IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）]水平。结果：研究组的临床总有效率明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗结束后ODI评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。研究组治疗结束后腰椎L2-L4、桡骨远端1/3处、股骨颈骨密度均大于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗结束后血钙、BGP水平高于对照组,血磷、β-CTX水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗结束后IGF-1水平高于对照组,IL-1、IL-8、TNF-α水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：骨质疏松症患者采用依降钙素注射液联合骨愈灵片治疗,可改善骨代谢和骨密度,调节炎性因子水平,促进机体功能恢复,疗效明确。     

乳杆菌泡腾片治疗细菌性阴道病

目的观察10例BV患者采用了信谊制药总厂生产的阴道嗜酸乳杆菌泡腾片1个疗程(7 d)后阴道菌群的变化。方法采用7种选择或非选择培养基对阴道分泌物的细菌总数、乳杆菌等7个指标进行检测。结果治疗后阴道中乳杆菌显著增多,厌氧革兰阴性杆菌显著减少(两者P<0.001)。细菌总数、肠杆菌、酵母菌和阴道加德纳菌均减少(P<0.01)。结论信谊阴道嗜酸乳杆菌泡腾片具有较好的调整阴道微生态平衡的作用。     

丹龙醒脑片对老年大鼠脑缺血再灌注后炎症反应的影响

目的:从肿瘤坏死因子-a(TNF-a)和白介素(IL-1β)表达变化揭示丹龙醒脑片抗老年脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护机制。方法:用大脑中动脉栓塞再通法建立脑缺血再灌注模型,将动物随机分为假手术组、模型组、丹龙醒脑片组和尼莫地平组,采用免疫组化法,观察TNF-a和IL-1β蛋白的表达。结果:丹龙醒脑片能显著减轻神经细胞的损伤;假手术组有一定量的TNF-a和IL-1β表达,缺血后TNF-a和IL-1β迅速增加,丹龙醒脑片组显著抑制TNF-a和IL-1β的表达,模型组和丹龙醒脑片组差异有统计学意义(P0.01,P0.05)。结论:丹龙醒脑片抗老年脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护机制与其抑制由缺血再灌注损伤诱导的TNF-a和IL-1β等表达有关。     

Determination of figures of merit for near-infrared and raman spectrometry by net analyte signal analysis for a 4-component solid dosage system

Process analytical technology has elevated the role of sensors in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Often the ideal technology must be selected from many suitable candidates based on limited data. Net analyte signal (NAS) theory provides an effective platform for method characterization based on multivariate figures of merit (FOM). The objective of this work was to demonstrate that these tools can be used to characterize the performance of 2 dissimilar analyzers based on different underlying spectroscopic principles for the analysis of pharmaceutical compacts. A fully balanced, 4-constituent mixture design composed of anhydrous theophylline, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, and starch was generated; it consisted of 29 design points. Six 13-mm tablets were produced from each mixture at 5 compaction levels and were analyzed by near-infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Partial least squares regression and NAS analyses were performed for each component, which allowed for the computation of FOM. Based on the calibration error statistics, both instruments were capable of accurately modeling all constituents. The results of this work indicate that these statistical tools are a suitable platform for comparing dissimilar analyzers and illustrate the complexity of technology selection.     

温肾咳喘片主要成分对HepG2细胞中CYP相关基因表达的影响

观察温肾咳喘片组方中5种主要单体成分甘草酸、厚朴酚、和厚朴酚、蛇床子素和 欧前胡素对细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450, CYP) 1A2,2D6,2E1和3A4基因表达的影 响. 采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测HepG2细胞中药物处理后各CYP mRNA的表达.厚朴酚 、和厚朴酚、蛇床子素和欧前胡素在不同浓度均能明显的诱导CYP2E1和CYP3A4,同时欧 前胡素也能诱导CYP1A2的表达,而甘草酸、厚朴酚、和厚朴酚、蛇床子素和欧前胡素在 不同浓度对CYP2D6的表达均具有较弱的抑制作用.甘草酸、厚朴酚、和厚朴酚、蛇床子 素和欧前胡素能明显影响CYP1A2、2D6、2E1或3A4的表达.此研究为中西药物代谢性相互 作用及毒理学的研究提供实验依据.     

Fabrication of Modified Release Tablet Formulation of Metoprolol Succinate using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Xanthan Gum

The present investigation was undertaken to fabricate modified release tablet of metoprolol succinate using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum as a matrixing agent. A 3² full factorial design was employed for the optimization of formulation. The percentage drug released at a given time (Y ₆₀, Y ₂₄₀ and Y ₇₂₀) and the time required for a given percentage of drug to be released (t _50%) were selected as dependent variables. The in vitro drug dissolution study was carried out in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer employing paddle rotated at 50 rpm. The similarity factor (f ₂) was calculated for selection of best batch considering mean in vitro dissolution data of Seloken® XL as a reference profile. It is concluded that the desired drug release pattern can be obtained by using a proper combination of HPMC (high gelling ability) and xanthan gum (quick gelling tendency). The economy of xanthan gum and faster hydration rate favors its use in modified release tablets. The matrix integrity during dissolution testing was maintained by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.     

Method to recover a lipophilic drug from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrix tablets

A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for recovery of the lipophilic drug, alprazolam, from matrix tablets containing the hydrophilic polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was developed. Lipophilic drugs, such as alprazolam, are difficult to completely extract and quantitate from tablets containing HPMC polymer. The percentage of recoveries of alprazolam from placebo powder spiked with alprazolam stock solution and from placebo powder mixed with alprazolam powder were about 100% and 85% to 95%, respectively. The validated method using water to completely dissolve HPMC before the addition of a strong solvent to dissolve and extract the drug from the HPMC solution was shown to be the most reproducible method. Different molecular weight distributions of the HPMC polymer, such as HPMC-K4M and HPMC-K100LV, did not influence the dissolution results of alprazolam using this validated method. Similarly, the excipients composing the matrix tablet formulations, such as dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, calcium sulfate dihydrate, sucrose, dextrose, and lactose monohydrate, did not influence the percent recovery of alprazolam. The recovery method reported herein was shown to be the most efficient to achieve complete recovery of alprazolam from powder blends and tablets containing a variety of excipients and different grades of HPMC.     

Formulation design and optimization of mouth dissolve tablets of nimesulide using vacuum drying technique

The purpose of this research was to develop mouth dissolve tablets of nimesulide. Granules containing nimesulide, camphor, crospovidone, and lactose were prepared by wet granulation technique. Camphor was sublimed from the dried granules by exposure to vacuum. The porous granules were then compressed. Alternatively, tablets were first prepared percentage friability, wetting time, and disintegration time. In the investigation, a 3² full factorial design was used to investigate the joint influence of 2 formulation variables: amount of camphor and crospovidone. The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed that for obtaining a rapidly disintegrating dosage form, tablets should be prepared using an optimum concentration of camphor and a higher percentage of crospovidone. A contour plot is also presented to graphically represent the effect of the independent variables on the disintegration time and percentage friability. A checkpoint batch was also prepared to prove the validity of the evolved mathematical model. Sublimation of camphor from tablets resulted in superior tablets as compared with the tablets prepared from granules that were exposed to vacuum. The systematic formulation approach helped in understanding the effect of formulation processing variables.     

Village-scale evaluation of mosquito nets treated with a tablet formulation of deltamethrin against malaria vectors

A field trial was carried out in the Sundargarh district of Orissa, India on the efficacy of mosquito nets treated with a tablet formulation of deltamethrin (K-O TAB) against malaria vectors. Treated nets were used in one village, and in the two control villages, one used untreated nets and the other used indoor spraying with DDT, without nets. In this area the primary malaria vectors are Anopheles culicifacies Giles sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) and An. fluviatilis James s.l., which are both endophagic and endophilic, and fully susceptible to deltamethrin. Treatment of a 10-m(2) mosquito net with one of the tablets gave a deltamethrin deposit of 25 mg/m(2). Bioassays repeated on domestically used nets over 7 months showed persistence of almost 100% mortality of An. fluviatilis, whereas An. culicifacies showed a decline from 100% to 71% mortality over this period, after which the nets were re-treated and bioassays were not continued. The sum of collections of mosquitoes resting in village houses and those in exit traps and dead on floor sheets showed a reduction in the numbers of the two vector species due to the treated nets, compared with untreated or no nets, but no reduction in other anophelines or Culex species. Large proportions of the collections of the vector and non-vector anophelines were dead on the floor sheets, but among Culex, mortality was delayed. Treated and untreated nets reduced the proportion of anophelines that had blood-fed; the treated nets did so more effectively than the untreated in the case of An. culicifacies and of Culex mosquitoes. In rooms with treated nets a larger proportion of the total collections [dead + live] were in the exit traps, which can be attributed to the excito-repellent effect of deltamethrin. It is easier to pack and handle tablets of insecticide than liquid concentrate and the use of one tablet per net may be preferable to making up a large volume of diluted insecticide and dipping many nets at a time.