HPLC法测定银杏叶征剂中决黄酮甙的含量

银杏 (ＧｉｎｋｇｏｂｉｌｏｂａＬｉｎｎ .)叶提取物 (ＧＢＥ)是银杏叶经提取、分离而得的干浸膏 ,是银杏叶制剂的主要原料。药理及临床表明 ,它能增加冠状动脉血流量 ,可用于动脉硬化及高血压所致的冠状动脉供血不全、心绞痛、心肌梗塞、脑血栓、脑血管痉挛等症[1] 。其活性成分主要是黄酮类和萜内酯[2 ] 。银杏叶黄酮类成分的测定方法 ,有紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法 ,因前者专属性较差 ,现多数厂家均采用后者。高效液相色谱法测定总黄酮甙的含量时 ,在对照品的使用上 ,既有单用槲皮素 (ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎ)为对照品的测定方法[3 ] ,…     

Powder and mechanical properties of microcrystalline cellulose with different degrees of polymerization

This study investigated the influence of the degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose materials (microcrystalline cellulose [MCC]) on some powder properties and the compression behavior of these materials. The DP was determined by measurements of viscosity (H). The weight average of molecular weight and the weight average of the different DPs were investigated after MCC was modified to cellulose tricarbanilate by light scattering measurements. The DP showed a remarkable influence on the physicochemical properties of the cellulose materials and, consequently, on the behavior of these materials during compression. MCC types with a high DP value showed greater water absorption than the types with a low DP value. No relevant relationship between the crystallinity index and the DP could be observed. DP 190 showed lower compactibility and compressibility parameters than DP 244 and 299. No significant differences could be observed between DP 244 and 299 when the same particle size fraction was compressed. Furthermore, the compressibility was increased by increasing the DP.     

Effects of physical properties for starch acetate powders on tableting

The aim of the study was to investigate particle and powder properties of various starch acetate powders, to study the effect of these properties on direct compression characteristics, and to evaluate the modification opportunity of physical properties for starch acetate powders by using various drying methods. At the end of the production phase of starch acetate, the slurry of starch acetate was dried using various techniques. Particle, powder, and tableting properties of end products were investigated. Particle size, circularity, surface texture, water content and specific surface area varied according to the particular drying method of choice. However, all powders were freely flowing. Bulk and tapped densities of powders varied in the range of 0.29 to 0.44 g/cm³ and 0.39 to 0.56 g/cm³, respectively. Compaction characteristics revealed that all powders were easily deformed under compression, having yield pressure values of less than 66 MPa according to Heckel analysis. All powders possessed a significant interparticulate bond-forming capacity during compaction. The tensile strength values of tablets varied between 10 and 18 MPa. In conclusion, physical properties of starch acetate could be affected by various drying techniques. A large specific surface area and water content above 4% were favorable properties by direct compression, especially for small, irregular, and rough particles.     

Influence of processing-induced phase transformations on the dissolution of theophylline tablets

The object of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of (1) processing-induced decrease in drug crystallinity and (2) phase transformations during dissolution, on the performance of theophylline tablet formulations. Anhydrous theophylline underwent multiple transformations (anhydrate --> hydrate --> anhydrate) during processing. Although the crystallinity of the anhydrate obtained finally was lower than that of the unprocessed drug, it dissolved at a slower rate. This decrease in dissolution rate was attributed to the accelerated anhydrate to hydrate transformation during the dissolution run. Water vapor sorption studies proved to be a good predictor of powder dissolution behavior. While a decrease in crystallinity was brought about either by milling or by granulation, the effect on tablet dissolution was pronounced only in the latter. Tablet formulations prepared from the granules exhibited higher hardness, longer disintegration time, and slower dissolution than those containing the milled drug. The granules underwent plastic deformation during compression resulting in harder tablets, with delayed disintegration. The high hardness coupled with rapid anhydrate --> hydrate transformation during dissolution resulted in the formation of a hydrate layer on the tablet surface, which further delayed tablet disintegration and, consequently, dissolution. Phase transformations during processing and, more importantly, during dissolution influenced the observed dissolution rates. Product performance was a complex function of the physical state of the active and the processing conditions.     

盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片对椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕症患者椎基底动脉血流动力学和生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：观察盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片对椎-基底动脉供血不足（VBI）性眩晕症患者椎基底动脉血流动力学和生活质量的影响。方法：选择2019年5月~2021年2月期间来我院就诊的97例VBI性眩晕症患者,根据乱数表法,入选的患者分为对照组和观察组,分别为48例和49例,对照组接受盐酸倍他司汀片治疗,观察组接受盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片治疗,均治疗2周。对比两组疗效、药物不良反应、眩晕症状评分、生活质量、椎基底动脉血流动力学情况。结果：观察组的临床总有效率（93.88%）高于对照组（72.92%）（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,观察组的眩晕评定量表的评分系统（DARS）、眩晕障碍量表（DHI）评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,观察组的36项健康调查简表（SF-36）各维度评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,观察组的左侧/右侧椎动脉及基底动脉血流速度较对照组高（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片治疗VBI性眩晕症患者疗效显著,可有效改善其椎基底动脉血流动力学状况,缓解眩晕症状,提高生活质量。     

UPLC-HDMS法测定大鼠灌胃栀子柏皮片后小檗碱与栀子苷的药代动力学

目的:通过UPLC-HDMS法测定小檗碱和栀子苷在大鼠灌胃栀子柏皮片后的药代动力学。方法:用固相萃取柱法处理血浆样本后,以正离子扫描方式,采用萃取离子监测(EIC)方式进行检测,采用Winnolin软件计算药物动力学参数。结果:小檗碱的达峰时间为1.89±0.56 h,其AUC值为793±87 ng/mL/h,药代参数显示该成分在体内浓度较低,消除较快;栀子苷的达峰时间为2.09±0.88 h,其AUC值为4687±345 ng/mL/h,药代参数显示该成分在体内表观分布容积较大,消除也较快。结论:利用高灵敏度的液质联用仪器在血中成功检测到了小檗碱及栀子苷,提示小檗碱及栀子苷为栀子柏皮片体内潜在药效作用物质。     

低剂量α干扰素口含片的抗病毒实验研究

本实验是对低剂量α干扰素口含片抗病毒实验研究,通过对各组小鼠不同的给药时间及不同的感染时间,取鼠肺制成悬液接种鸡胚,35℃培养3天,取尿囊液作血滴定,以此来验证干扰素口含片是否抗病毒以及效果如何。     

Fabrication of Triple-Layer Matrix Tablets of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Using Xanthan Gum

The objective of present investigation was to develop venlafaxine hydrochloride-layered tablets for obtaining sustained drug release. The tablets containing venlafaxine hydrochloride 150 mg were prepared by wet granulation technique using xanthan gum in the middle layer and barrier layers. The granules and tablets were characterized. The in vitro drug dissolution study was conducted in distilled water. The tablets containing two lower strengths were also developed using the same percentage composition of the middle layer. Kinetics of drug release was studied. The optimized batches were tested for water uptake study. Radar diagrams are provided to compare the performance of formulated tablets with the reference products, Effexor XR capsules. The granules ready for compression exhibited good flow and compressibility when xanthan gum was used in the intragranular and extragranular fractions. Monolayer tablets failed to give the release pattern similar to that of the reference product. The drug release was best explained by Weibull model. A unified Weibull equation was evolved to express drug release from the formulated tablets. Lactose facilitated drug release from barrier layers. Substantial water uptake and gelling of xanthan gum appears to be responsible for sustained drug release. The present study underlines the importance of formulation factors in achieving same drug release pattern from three strengths of venlafaxine hydrochloride tablets.     

The effect of a finger training application using a tablet PC in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients

Twenty-one consecutive patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (10 patients) or the control group (11 patients). The application consisted of three sections (registration, evaluation, and training) and the training section consisted of five programs (stretching, flexion, extension, opposition, and thumb abduction). Application training consisted of 1 session (31?min)/day, 6 days/week for 4 weeks. We found that our application training was effective in terms of the motor function of the affected hand: Manual Muscle Test of the wrist and finger extensors, the Manual Function Test (subtest of manipulative activity), and the Purdue Pegboard Test.     

唑来膦酸联合硫酸吗啡缓释片治疗多发骨转移性疼痛的疗效及耐受性观察

目的:探讨唑来膦酸联合硫酸吗啡缓释治疗多发骨转移性疼痛的疗效及耐受性。方法:选择恶性肿瘤伴多发性骨转移、初始为重度疼痛、经硫酸吗啡缓释片治疗14天以上疼痛未达到中度以上缓解者。共入组患者52例,给予唑来膦酸联合硫酸吗啡缓释片治疗,比较联合治疗前后疗效及不良反应。结果:联合治疗前疼痛评分为7.3,联合治疗后降至1.4(P<0.001),联合治疗总有效率76.9%,生活质量良好者比例由9.6%增至71.2%(P<0.001)。8例出现发热,对症处理后体温当日降至正常。结论:唑来膦酸联合硫酸吗啡缓释片治疗多发骨转移性顽固性疼痛,明显提高患者生活质量,副反应未见增加,疗效及耐受性好。