Dictyocaulus viviparus bulk tank milk seropositivity is correlated with meteorological variables

Control of infections with Dictyocaulus viviparus is difficult due to its volatile epidemiology. In the absence of predictive models, ‘vigilance and treatment’ is today’s mainstay for control. In order to evaluate the potential of predictive model development to support a more preventative approach, this longitudinal study aimed at understanding the influence of weather factors on D. viviparus bulk tank milk antibody ELISA results. Bulk tank milk samples were analysed with a Major Sperm Protein-based ELISA (expressed as an optical density ratio) twice monthly on 717 Flemish dairy farms during the grazing season (April–October) in 2018. Meteorological data of the sampled farms were obtained at 1 km spatial scale using the ALARO-SURFEX climate model. A mixed effects model showed that the bulk tank milk optical density ratio was significantly associated with the month of sampling, evapotranspiration, temperature and its quadratic term, the number of hot days and the number of rainy days in the 7–8 weeks prior to sampling. There were significant farm effects involved. The model’s accuracy to predict bulk tank milk optical density ratio infection status was 80%, while optical density ratios were generally overestimated by 38%. Inclusion of the previous (2-week-old) optical density ratio values increased accuracy to 86% and reduced the mean square error. We conclude that meteorological parameters have a predictive value for bulk tank milk optical density ratio results, while further research should evaluate model improvements through the addition of herd management factors as well as confirm the predictive power through external validation in additional farms and years.     

Associations between the masticatory system and muscle activity of other body districts. A meta-analysis of surface electromyography studies

The aim of this meta-analysis regarding the use of surface electromyography (sEMG) is to assess the scientific evidence for detectable correlations between the masticatory system and muscle activity of the other body districts, particularly those mainly responsible for body posture. A literature survey was performed using the PubMed database, covering the period from January 1966 to April 2011, and choosing medical subject headings. After selection, five articles qualified for the final analysis. One study article was judged to be of medium quality, the remaining four of low quality. No study included a control group or follow-up; in only one study, subjects with impairment of the masticatory system were enrolled. In all studies, detectable correlations between the masticatory systems and muscle activity of the other body districts, or vice versa, were found; however, after a reappraisal of the data provided in these studies, only weak correlations were found, which reached biological, but not clinical relevance. With the limitations that arise from the poor methodological quality of the published study reports discussed here, the conclusion is that a correlation between the masticatory system and muscle activity of the other body districts might be detected through sEMG under experimental conditions; however, this correlation has little clinical relevance. While more investigations with improved levels of scientific evidence are needed, the current evidence does not support clinically relevant correlations between the masticatory system and the muscle activity of other body districts, including those responsible for body posture.     

以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌47例临床分析

目的:分析以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌临床特征,旨在提高结肠癌诊治水平。方法:收集我院1994年1月至2008年1月间以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌47例,对其临床特点进行回顾性分析。结果:47例以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌中位发病年龄为65岁;贫血症状多见,占78.7%(37/47),长期低热3例,肝转移瘤4例,肺转移瘤2例,皮肌炎1例;肿瘤多发生于右半结肠,占74.5%(35/47);病理类型:乳头状腺癌为主,占61.7%(29/47);Dukes分期:B期占44.7%(21/47),C期占42.6%(20/47);结肠镜是重要诊断方法,结肠镜与钡灌肠有互补优势;手术是主要治疗手段,综合治疗可延长患者生存期。结论:以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌以贫血多见,病变多位于右半结肠,结肠镜是主要确诊方法,以手术为主的综合治疗可改善患者预后。     

肝癌自发性破裂出血的MRI诊断

目的:探讨肝癌自发性破裂出血的MRI图像特征。方法:对6例经手术或肝动脉血管造影确诊为原发性肝癌破裂出血患者的MR图像进行回顾性分析,总结其临床特点及MRI图像特征。结果:6例患者均行MR平扫及增强扫描,肝被膜下出血4例,腹腔内出血2例。出血表现为T1WI呈高或等信号,T2WI呈高或低信号,5例可清晰显示肿瘤破口。结论:MR诊断肝癌自发性破裂出血及时、准确,T1WI及延迟扫描冠状位图像对诊断有定性意义。     

布氏杆菌脑膜炎病例报道2例及文献复习

目的:目前布氏杆菌性脑膜炎在国内只是偶见报道,本文报道2例布氏杆菌性脑膜炎,对其诊断及治疗进行探讨,并对布氏杆菌脑膜炎进行文献回顾.方法:我们近期连续通过检查脑脊液内布氏杆菌抗体的办法诊断了2例布氏杆菌性脑膜炎,并通过给予四环素、利福霉素及链霉素治疗1个月并通过随访.结果:半年后脑脊液内布氏杆菌抗体恢复阴性,临床症状完全消失.结论:通过我们的观察应用上述3联药物综合治疗1月对布氏杆菌性脑膜炎是有效的.     

CEA、CA125、CA72-4、CYFRA211联合NSE对非小细胞肺癌诊断运用分析

目的:研究癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)、细胞角蛋白片段211(CYFRA211)联合神经元烯醇化酶(NSE)对非小细胞肺癌诊断效果分析.方法:选择2009年3月至2011年3月来我院进行检测的50例非小细胞肺癌患者进行研究,并与同期进行体检的肺部良性疾病患者和健康体检者共50例进行对比分析,分别标记为实验组和对照组.分别采用免疫印迹增强的化学发光法对两组的CEA、CA125、CA72-4、CYFRA211以及NSE的水平进行检测分析.结果:NSE对非小细胞肺癌检测的特异度为98.4％,敏感度为16.3％.NSE联合CEA、CA125、CA72-4、CYFRA211检测对于非小细胞肺癌的敏感度(94％)和准确度(92％)均明显高于其余3组,差异有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:采用CEA、CA125、CA72-4、CYFRA211联合NSE对非小细胞肺癌患者进行诊断,提高了诊断的敏感度,并且提高了诊断的准确度.     

Computerized matching of relevés and association tables,with an application to the British National Vegetation Classification

When a new relevé is to be assigned to a pre-existing type, its composition is compared with an association table. Bayesian inference may seem a good way to make the comparison, but presents difficulties. In an alternative approach, three indices of goodness-of-fit are proposed. Compositional satisfaction is a measure of how well the species composition of the relevé fits the constancy classes in the table; it is a minor modification of the Czekanowski coefficient of similarity between observed and expected numbers of species in each constancy class. Dominance satisfaction is a modification of the Czekanowski similarity between the relevé and cover values that might be expected from the association table. Dominance constancy is a weighted mean of the constancy class of the four most abundant species in the relevé. A computer program, TABLEFIT, combines them into a single index. It has been tested on British mire vegetation.     

Neotrygon indica sp. nov., the Indian Ocean blue-spotted maskray (Myliobatoidei,Dasyatidae)

The blue-spotted maskray, previously N. kuhlii, consists of up to eleven lineages representing separate species. Nine of these species (N. australiae, N. bobwardi, N. caeruleopunctata, N. malaccensis, N. moluccensis, N. orientale, N. vali, N. varidens, N. westpapuensis) have already been formally described and two (Indian Ocean maskray and Ryukyu maskray) remain undescribed. Here, the Indian Ocean maskray is described as a new species, Neotrygon indica sp. nov. Specimens of the new species were generally characterized on their dorsal side by a moderately large number of small ocellated blue spots, a low number of medium-sized ocellated blue spots, the absence of large ocellated blue spots, a high number of dark speckles, a few dark spots, and a conspicuous occipital mark. The new species formed a distinct haplogroup in the tree built from concatenated nucleotide sequences at the CO1 and cytochrome b loci. A diagnosis based on colour patterns and nucleotide sequences at the CO1 and cytochrome b loci is proposed. The distribution of N. indica sp. nov. includes the Indian coast of the Bay of Bengal, the Indian coast of the Laccadives Sea, and Tanzania. Considerable sampling effort remains necessary for an in-depth investigation of the phylogeographic structure of the Indian Ocean maskray.     

子宫良性病变行子宫切除术前阴道微生态检测的临床价值

目的 探讨子宫良性病变行子宫切除术前阴道微生态检测的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月在厦门市妇幼保健院妇科因子宫良性病变行腹腔镜子宫切除、资料完整的病例453例,术前检测阴道微生态及宫颈高危HPV感染情况。结果 453例患者阴道微生态正常152例（33.55%）,微生态失衡69例（15.23%）,细菌性阴道病（BV）132例（29.14%）,外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病（VVC）45例（9.93%）,滴虫性阴道炎（TV）25例（5.52%）,需氧菌性阴道炎（AV）16例（3.53%）,混合性阴道炎（MVI）14例（3.09%）。宫颈高危型HPV感染107例,其中微生态正常30例（28.04%）,微生态失衡19例（17.76%）,BV 39例（36.45%）,VVC 10例（9.35%）,TV 5例（4.67%）,MVI 4例（3.74%）。结论 宫颈高危型HPV感染与BV感染具有相关性（P＜0.05）,而与其他感染无相关性（P＞0.05）。子宫切除术前行阴道微生态检测,不仅可明确阴道微生态状况,而且可针对性的进行治疗,从而减少围手术期感染的发生,并为术后生殖道炎症的治疗和随诊提供良好的评判指标。     

Polymerase chain reaction assay specific for pathogenic Leptospira based on the gene hap1 encoding the hemolysis-associated protein-1

In this study, we used Southern hybridization of genomic DNA with the integral hap1 gene as a probe to show that this gene is only present in pathogenic Leptospira strains. We then selected PCR primers based on the hap1 gene, and tested them on several Leptospira strains and biological samples. Specific amplification was obtained for all pathogenic strains tested. Negative PCR results were observed with all saprophytic leptospire strains used as well as with other spirochetes and bacteria commonly found in biological samples. The results of direct PCR performed on biological samples, such as blood, urine or kidneys correlated with the results obtained with the classical Leptospira tests (culture and MAT). A PCR assay based on this gene would be a very useful tool for the rapid, sensitive and specific identification of pathogenic leptospires in samples for diagnosis or epidemiological survey.