The role of saltwort (Batis maritima L.) in regeneration of degraded mangrove forests

While saltwort (Batis maritima L.) is common in the fringe mangrove forests of southwest Florida, its role in regeneration of degraded mangrove communities is not known. Given the potential encroachment and subsequent degradation of mangrove communities by sea-level rise, it is important to quantify the effect of early-colonizing vegetation to early mangrove seedling survival. A greater number of mangrove seedlings were observed in existing B. maritima patches compared to surrounding mudflats. A planting experiment was designed to determine whether B. maritima was responsible for the observed pattern. Black mangrove (Avicennia germinans L.) seedlings, raised in a nursery, were planted in previously established B. maritima patches and on mudflats with and without nursery-raised B. maritima. There was significantly lower mortality of A. germinans seedlings when planted in existing B. maritima patches (69%), compared to seedlings planted on the mudflats (93%), demonstrating that existing B. maritima improved A. germinans seedling survival. Nursery-raised B. maritima had lower mortality on open mudflats (28%), suggesting that it can tolerate conditions, which make it an early colonizer of newly available habitats. The primary mechanism proposed for improving seedling success is a slight increase in elevation provided by the dense root network of established B. maritima. These findings have implications for scientists and managers anticipating the response of mangroves to sea-level rise.     

森林蒸散模型参数的确定

以长白山阔叶红松林为研究对象,利用长白山阔叶红松林气象观测塔安装的常规气象梯度观测系统、开路涡动相关系统的观测数据,依据空气动力学基本理论与能量平衡方程建立了森林蒸散机理模型,确定了模型参数,即风速廓线稳定度订正函数φ_m、温度廓线稳定度订正函数φ_h和零平面位移高度d.其中,研究地的零平面位移高度d为17.8m,是平均冠层高度(26m)的0.68.同时,给出了φ_m和φ_h随梯度理查逊数R_i变化的数学表达式.     

Anadromy,potamodromy and residency in brown trout Salmo trutta: the role of genes and the environment

Brown trout Salmo trutta is endemic to Europe, western Asia and north-western Africa; it is a prominent member of freshwater and coastal marine fish faunas. The species shows two resident (river-resident, lake-resident) and three main facultative migratory life histories (downstream–upstream within a river system, fluvial–adfluvial potamodromous; to and from a lake, lacustrine–adfluvial (inlet) or allacustrine (outlet) potamodromous; to and from the sea, anadromous). River-residency v. migration is a balance between enhanced feeding and thus growth advantages of migration to a particular habitat v. the costs of potentially greater mortality and energy expenditure. Fluvial–adfluvial migration usually has less feeding improvement, but less mortality risk, than lacustrine–adfluvial or allacustrine and anadromous, but the latter vary among catchments as to which is favoured. Indirect evidence suggests that around 50% of the variability in S. trutta migration v. residency, among individuals within a population, is due to genetic variance. This dichotomous decision can best be explained by the threshold-trait model of quantitative genetics. Thus, an individual's physiological condition (e.g., energy status) as regulated by environmental factors, genes and non-genetic parental effects, acts as the cue. The magnitude of this cue relative to a genetically predetermined individual threshold, governs whether it will migrate or sexually mature as a river-resident. This decision threshold occurs early in life and, if the choice is to migrate, a second threshold probably follows determining the age and timing of migration. Migration destination (mainstem river, lake, or sea) also appears to be genetically programmed. Decisions to migrate and ultimate destination result in a number of subsequent consequential changes such as parr–smolt transformation, sexual maturity and return migration. Strong associations with one or a few genes have been found for most aspects of the migratory syndrome and indirect evidence supports genetic involvement in all parts. Thus, migratory and resident life histories potentially evolve as a result of natural and anthropogenic environmental changes, which alter relative survival and reproduction. Knowledge of genetic determinants of the various components of migration in S. trutta lags substantially behind that of Oncorhynchus mykiss and other salmonines. Identification of genetic markers linked to migration components and especially to the migration–residency decision, is a prerequisite for facilitating detailed empirical studies. In order to predict effectively, through modelling, the effects of environmental changes, quantification of the relative fitness of different migratory traits and of their heritabilities, across a range of environmental conditions, is also urgently required in the face of the increasing pace of such changes.     

小麦幼苗根系形态与反复干旱存活率的关系

以35个不同栽培类型的小麦品种（系）作为试验材料,根据其6叶幼苗的根系形态性状进行聚类分析,供试材料的根系类型分为3种：大根系、小根系和中间型根系。具有中间型根系的材料反复干旱存活率最高,这些材料的根系特点是单株根数7－8．5条,最大根长20-22cm,根总干重44－48mg,其中10cm以下根干重占36％－45％,根冠比范围在0.22-0.24。一些水地栽培的育成品种苗期抗旱性较强,旱地栽培的育成品种苗期抗旱性差异较大,个别旱地栽培的地方品种在土壤水分胁迫条件下反而比在正常水分条件下的根系发育更好,可能是长期适用干旱条件的结果。     

生防菌Ⅲ-61抗真菌活性产物的摇瓶发酵

对生防链霉菌Ⅲ-61产生抗真菌活性物质的摇瓶发酵工艺进行了研究。利用正交试验设计优化了发酵培养基组分,其最适配方为黄豆粉1．5％,蛋白胨0．3％,蔗糖1．0％,淀粉1．3％,磷酸二氢钾0．02％,硫酸镁0．025％,氯化钠0．5％,配咸水溶液,调pH至7～7．4,加碳酸钙1％。通过单因素试验,筛选获得了最优培养条件组合：液体种龄24h,接种量5％～10％,500mL摇瓶培养基装量为80mL,摇床转速240r／min,培养温度31℃,发酵周期96～120h。此优化的发酵培养基与发酵条件的组合昕得菌株Ⅲ-61发酵液对主要靶标黄瓜灰霉病菌的抑菌圈直径达49．5mm,较优化前提高了45．59％。     

瑞芬太尼靶控输注对宫颈癌根治术患者麻醉苏醒质量、应激反应及Th1/Th2免疫平衡的影响

摘要 目的：观察瑞芬太尼靶控输注对宫颈癌根治术患者麻醉苏醒质量、应激反应及辅助T细胞（Th）1/Th2免疫平衡的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法将2023年1月到2023年6月期间我院接受的120例宫颈癌根治术患者分为舒芬太尼组（n=60,舒芬太尼麻醉）和瑞芬太尼组（n=60,瑞芬太尼麻醉）。对比两组的麻醉苏醒质量、应激反应指标[皮质醇（Cor）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、血管紧张素1（Ang-1）、血管紧张素2（Ang-2）]、Th1/Th2免疫平衡指标[包括Th1、Th2及调节性T细胞（Treg）、Th1/Th2比值],术后记录不良反应发生情况。结果：与舒芬太尼组相比,瑞芬太尼组的应激呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间更短（P<0.05）。术后1 d,两组Cor、NE、Ang-1、Ang-2升高,但瑞芬太尼组低于舒芬太尼组（P<0.05）。术后1 d,两组Th1、Treg、Th1/Th2升高,但瑞芬太尼组低于舒芬太尼组;Th2下降,但瑞芬太尼组高于舒芬太尼组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率组间对比未见差异（P>0.05）。结论：瑞芬太尼靶控输注用于宫颈癌根治术患者,可改善麻醉苏醒质量,减轻应激反应,调节Th1/Th2免疫平衡,且不增加不良反应的发生率,效果较好。     

限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预对肥胖儿童身体成分、脂质代谢及肠道菌群的影响

摘要 目的：观察限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预对肥胖儿童身体成分、脂质代谢及肠道菌群的影响。方法：选取2020年4月至2022年10月期间浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院收治的肥胖儿童104例作为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将肥胖儿童分为对照组（n=52,限制能量平衡膳食）和观察组（n=52,限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预）。对比两组身体成分、脂质代谢及肠道菌群变化情况。结果：观察组干预2个月后体重、体质量指数（BMI）、去脂体重、脂肪量、体脂率低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组干预2个月后总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）低于对照组;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组干预2个月后肠球菌、大肠杆菌低于对照组;乳杆菌、双歧杆菌高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：限制能量平衡膳食联合运动干预可有效改善肥胖儿童身体成分,调节脂质代谢及肠道菌群平衡。     

对比分析IPS e.max Press铸瓷高嵌体与普兰梅卡CADCAM系统制作的高嵌体修复后牙牙体缺损的效果

摘要 目的：本研究旨在探讨对比分析IPS e.max Press铸瓷高嵌体与普兰梅卡CADCAM系统制作的高嵌体修复后牙牙体缺损的效果。方法：以2021年8月-2022年8月我院诊治的60例（86颗）后牙牙体缺损患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为研究组（给予普兰梅卡CADCAM系统制作的高嵌体修复）和对照组（给予IPS e.max Press铸瓷高嵌体修复）各30例,对比两组修复前及修复1年后咀嚼功能、牙龈情况、RANK、CXCL16水平、IL-6、IL-8水平,统计修复结果及美牙效果满意度。结果：（1）修复前,两组咀嚼功能比较无差异（P＞0.05）;修复1年后,研究组咀嚼功能优于对照组（P＜0.05）;（2）修复前,两组牙龈指数、菌斑指数评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;修复1年后,研究组牙龈指数、菌斑指数评分优于对照组（P＜0.05）;（3）修复前,两组RANK、CXCL16水平比较无差异（P＞0.05）;修复1年后,研究组RANK、CXCL16水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）;（4）修复前,两组IL-6、IL-8水平比较无差异（P＞0.05）;修复1年后,研究组IL-6、IL-8水平与对照组比较（P＞0.05）;（5）修复1年后,研究组修复体边缘适合性、修复体邻面解剖形态优于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组修复体表面及边缘着色、修复体折裂与固位比较,差异不显著（P＞0.05）;（6）修复1年后,研究组美牙效果满意度优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：与IPS e.max Press铸瓷高嵌体相比,普兰梅卡CADCAM系统制作的高嵌体修复后牙牙体缺损的效果更佳,能够提高咀嚼功能,改善牙龈指数,提高美牙效果满意度。     

血清FKN、APC与老年社区获得性肺炎患者病情和预后不良的关系

摘要 目的：探讨血清分形趋化因子（FKN）、活化蛋白C（APC）与老年社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患者病情和预后不良的关系。方法：选取2020年1月～2023年1月潍坊市人民医院收治的314例老年CAP患者为CAP组,根据病情程度分为低危组104例、中危组123例、高危组87例,根据入院30d生存状况分为死亡组65例和存活组249例,另选取同期100名体检健康老年人为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清FKN、APC水平。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清FKN、APC水平对老年CAP患者预后不良的预测价值。通过多因素Logistic回归分析老年CAP患者预后不良的影响因素。结果：与对照组比较,CAP组血清FKN水平升高,APC水平降低（P＜0.05）。低危组、中危组、高危组老年CAP患者血清FKN水平依次升高,APC水平依次降低（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,病情高危、机械通气和C反应蛋白（CRP）、FKN升高为老年CAP患者预后不良的独立危险因素,APC升高为其独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,FKN、APC水平单独和联合预测老年CAP患者预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.783、0.789、0.870,二者联合对老年CAP患者预后不良的预测价值大于各指标单独预测。结论：血清FKN水平升高和APC水平降低参与着老年CAP患者病情进展,血清FKN联合APC能较好地预测老年CAP患者预后不良。     

Enhanced immunodetection of cell-free synthesized erythropoietin under denaturing conditions

A monoclonal antibody produced by hydridoma cell line, ATCC HB8209, was used to detect and purify erythropoietin synthesized in a cell-free system. The antibody was raised against the N-terminal 20 residues of erythropoietin. It retained anti-erythropoietin activity in 6 M urea in which most of the cell-free synthesized erythropoietin became soluble and gave an enhanced activity of the antibody.