Some medical applications of the oxford scanning proton microprobe

Results from several medical investigations carried out using the Oxford scanning proton microprobe are presented, including maps of the hepatic copper-distribution in primary biliary cirrhosis and maps of the iron distribution in primary hemochromatosis. Preliminary studies of human nervous tissue reveal that morphologically recognizable structures can be differentiated using precision elemental mapping, and this may lead to a powerful new way of distinguishing subtle perturbations of structure and function. In further prelimianry studies, localized aluminum structures have been observed in Alzheimer’s disease tissue at bulk levels of less than parts per million.     

Effect of Olea oleaster and Juniperus procera leaves extracts on thioacetamide induced hepatic cirrhosis in male albino mice

The effect of Olea oleaster and Juniperus procera leaves extracts and their combination on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic cirrhosis were investigated in male albino mice. One hundred sixty mice were used in this study and were randomly distributed into eight groups of 20 each. Mice of group 1 served as controls. Mice of group 2 were treated with TAA. Mice of group 3 were exposed to TAA and supplemented with O. oleaster leaves extracts. Mice of group 4 were treated with TAA and supplemented with J. procera leaves extracts. Mice of group 5 were subjected to TAA and supplemented with O. oleaster and J. procera leaves extracts. Mice of groups 6, 7 and 8 were supplemented with O. oleaster, J. procera, and O. oleaster and J. procera leaves extracts respectively. Administration of TAA for six and twelve weeks resulted in a decline in body weight gain and increased the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. Histopathological evaluations of hepatic sections from mice treated with TAA showed severe alterations including increase of fibrogenesis processes with structural damage. Treatment of mice with these extracts showed a pronounced attenuation in TAA induced hepatic cirrhosis associated with physiological and histopathological alterations. Finally, this study suggests that the supplementation of these extracts may act as antioxidant agents and could be an excellent adjuvant support in the therapy of hepatic cirrhosis.     

超声随访在肝硬化结节恶变筛查及诊断中的价值研究

目的:研究超声随访在肝硬化结节恶变筛查及诊断中的价值。方法:选取我院收治的乙肝后肝硬化患者83例,均采取超声检查,观察超声随访在肝硬化结节恶变筛查及诊断中的应用价值。结果:本组83例随访发现,出现肝硬化伴增生性结节患者演变小肝癌21例。增生性结节患者的增生性结节直径与小肝癌患者肿块直径比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。增生性结节患者的回声情况与小肝癌患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。超声随访发现,结节由112个增加至126个,结节数量增加。肝硬化结节14例,在超声引导下行肝穿刺活检,成功13例,失败1例,病理诊断肝硬化结节患者9例,肝癌患者3例,与超声的检查结果相同。结论:超声随访在肝硬化结节恶变的筛查诊断中具有较高的临床价值,可在早期提供较为准确的检查结果,帮助医师做出诊断,及早治疗以改善预后。     

综合性优质护理对肝硬化患者肝功能及生存质量的影响

目的:探讨综合性优质护理对肝硬化患者肝功能及生存质量的影响。方法:选择2014年5月-2015年5月在我院接受治疗的100例肝硬化患者为研究对象,根据干预方法不同分为对照组和实验组,每组50例。对照组患者给予常规护理干预,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予综合性优质护理干预。观察并比较两组患者干预前后的肝功能、Child-Pugh评分及生活质量评分的变化情况。结果:干预后,两组患者AST、ALT及Child-Pugh评分均明显低于干预前,且实验组低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);干预后,两组患者生活质量评分均优于干预前,且实验组优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后,两组患者S-AI及SDS评分均显著低于干预前,且实验组显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:综合性优质护理干预能够改善肝硬化患者肝功能,提高生活质量,值得临床推广应用。     

Opsonic activity of ascitic fluids by a chemiluminescent method

Cirrhotic ascites are highly susceptible to spontaneous bacterial infection, whereas carcinogenic ascites are seldom infected. This difference may be explained by differences in their chemotactic, bactericidal and/or opsomic activities. We measured the chemotactic and opsonic activity of ascitic fluids from 35 alcoholic cirrhotic ascites and of 12 peritoneal carcinogenic ascites. Chemotactic activity was measured by the under-agarose technique and opsonic activity by a luminol-enhanced method. Ascitic fluids from alcoholic cirrhosis had low chemotactic (62 ± 24.5% that of N-formylated peptide) and opsonic (67 ± 50% of normal serum) activities on normal human neutrophils. In contrast, ascitic fluids from peritoneal carcinoma were found to possess high opsonic activity (114 ± 49% of normal serum) and chemotactic activity similar to that of N-formylated peptide. During a 3-month follow-up, 11 spontaneous bacterial infections were observed among the first group against none in the carcinogenic group.     

地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊对肝炎后肝硬化患者 血清内毒素、超敏C反应蛋白及前降钙素水平的影响

目的探讨地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊对肝炎后肝硬化患者血清内毒素、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）及前降钙素（PCT）水平的影响。方法将90例乙肝后肝硬化患者随机分为观察组和对照组。两组均予以低盐饮食、保肝利尿和营养支持等基础治疗。观察组加用地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊0.5 g/次,3次/d,连用6周。观察两组治疗前后血氨、血清内毒素、hs-CRP和PCT水平变化。结果治疗6周后,两组血氨和血清内毒素水平较治疗前均明显下降（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,且观察组患者下降程度与对照组比较更明显（P〈0.05）;同时两组血清hs-CRP和PCT水平较前明显下降（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,且观察组患者下降程度与对照组比较更明显（P〈0.05）。结论地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊辅助治疗乙肝后肝硬化能明显降低患者血氨和血清内毒素水平,并能下调血清hs-CRP和PCT水平,从而有利于抑制肝内局部炎症反应及降低肠黏膜的通透性。     

肝细胞癌及相关病变的计算机图像定量分析

为研究肝炎、肝硬变与肝细胞癌的关系,利用自动图像分析仪对６４例肝炎、肝硬变、癌旁肝硬变、肝细胞癌和正常肝组织进行了十三项参数的形态定量研究。结果：大多数参数随病变的发展而呈规律性变化,癌旁肝硬变的多数参数介于不伴肝癌的肝硬变与肝细胞癌之间。提示：（１）慢活肝、肝硬变与肝细胞癌密切相关;（２）癌旁肝硬变不同于不伴肝癌的肝硬变,与肝细胞癌的关系更密切。利用逐步判别分析选择出六项参数建立判别函数方程,回代正确率为９８．２％。