模糊图论在山西植被区划中的应用

本文用模糊图论的最大树方法对山西植被区划进行了数量分类研究,将山西植被分为2个植被地带,6个植被地区,17个植被小区。与在植物群落学中应用的模糊聚类分析和其它方法相比,模糊图论的最大树方法直接依模糊相似系数矩阵得到树状图,从而避免了相似系数矩阵复杂的合成运算,而分类结果不仅更具直观性,而且也是令人满意的。我们认为模糊图论应用于植被区划是合适的。     

运用油松年轮提示承德市硫及重金属污染的历史

本文利用油松年轮研究了承德市自1800年以来大气污染的历史过程,结果表明：避暑山庄油松年轮内S含量自本世纪初开始升高,比19世纪初增加1—2倍,至70—80年代达3—5倍,而在最近8—10年则达到10倍以上。 其中碧峰门古松木质部年轮内S含量由40—50μg·g-1达到目前的572.9μg·g-1,从而指示出承德市大气SO2浓度由城市化初期的<0.1 mg·m-3增加到目前的30mg·m-3,这一历史过程主要与城市化过程尤其是近50年来工业化的出现并加剧有密切的关系。随着1927—1945年大庙铁矿的开采,年轮内Fe明显增高。Mn在整个历史时期表现为增加趋势,由1840—1850年的4.1μg·g-1增加到1980—1990年的10.4μg·g-1。Pb在1980年前的含量增加不明显,但在最近10年内形成的木质部中,Pb含量明显增加,超过1920—1930年的560%。Cu、Zn、Ni含量的变化不表现线性增加,除个别点的某些时期变化较大外,基本上很平缓。19世纪初油松年轮内S及重金属含量最低,可视为油松内元素自然背景值,与该值比较,1980—1990年这10年内年轮S含量增加了10倍,Fe,2.4倍;Pb,1.8倍;Mn,1.5倍;Ni,1.0倍;Zn,0.8倍。 日益加剧的大气污染尤其是SO2的污染,造成承德市大气质量严重下降,同时危及古松的生存,造成古松大量死亡,必须引起高度重视。     

树鼩(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)的皮纹

本文观察了42只树鼩(23,19)手掌侧和足跖侧的皮肤。结果表明,树鼩的皮纹具有很多食虫目的原始特征。掌面垫6个,跖面垫5个,彼此独立,形如小丘。指(趾)顺垫5个,皮纹嵴绝大多数横向排列。皮纹嵴只分布在垫上,且没有发现成形的花纹,其余部位未见。手上第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ指间垫和足上相应的三个趾间垫形状相似,多数呈三边形棱锥状。足上的鱼际垫和小鱼际垫是长的,走向与跖面长轴相平行。性别之间、个体之间或左右手足之间皮纹的差异不明显,但与其它种类的树鼩有一定的差异。     

Yinpingmudan,the Wild Relative of the King of Flowers,Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews

Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews subsp. spontanea (Rehder) S. G. Haw et L. A. Lauener ( ＝P. spontanea ＝ P. jishanensis) has been considered as the wild form of widely cultivated P. suffruticosa. However, the subspecies differs from the cultivated one in shape, division and indumentum of leaves and reproductive biology. As a result of extensive field work, a form with two individuals in Yinping Shan, Caohu, Anhui, and Songxian, Henan, are found to be extremely similar to P. suffruticosa, but apparently different from P. jishanensis. The form is considered to be the wild one of P. suffruticosa and described as new: P. suffruticosa subsp, yinpingmudan Hong, K. Y. Pan et Z. W. Xie.     

Delayed flowering and reduced branching in micropropagated mature wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) compared with rooted cuttings and seedlings

The development of micropropagated wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) was compared in the nursery and the field with cuttings and seedlings, over a total period of 6 years. Summer semi-hardwood cuttings tended to produce moderate numbers of branches in the season following propagation, whereas micropropagules and seedlings produced significantly fewer or none at all. Removal of branches from cuttings resulted in taller trees. A greater proportion of cuttings than micropropagules flowered in the first year in which trees produced flowers. In the second flowering year, there were no differences in flowering habit between cuttings and micropropagules. Propagation by cuttings or micropropagation did not consistently affect increments in stem diameters or heights. These results are discussed in terms of the suitability of micropropagation and cuttings to produce clonal wild cherry. Received: 23 February 1997 / Revision received: 3 January 1998 / Accepted: 5 February 1998     

抗树鼩CD3ε单克隆抗体的制备及生物学特性鉴定

制备鼠抗树鼩CD3ε单克隆抗体,并对其生物学特性进行鉴定。