和县动物群与深海沉积物的对比

根据对和县动物群中哺乳动物成分、性质等的分析,它应代表一个寒冷期。当时和县一带的气候,似与今日华北南部的气候类似,但又较之湿润。它的层位大体上相当于周口店第一地点的3—4层;其地质时代相当于海洋的O~(18)的第8阶段,距今约28—24万年。     

Allocyclops silvaticus sp. n. (Copepoda,Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae), the first representative of the genus in South America

Allocyclops silvaticus sp. n. is described from cultures of leaf litter collected in Atlantic rain forest in the State of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. It is the first record of the genus in South America.     

Effects of spates on the vertical distribution of the interstitial community

The effect of hydrological variations on the vertical distribution of interstitial organisms was studied in a by-passed channel of the Rhône River(France) in terms of the distortion and recovery of community structure over a 480-day period that included 9 spates. The hypogean and epigean components of the interstitial assemblages were studied, the latter at four depths (50, 100, 150 and 200 cm) within the substratum, during a succession of artificially regulated spates and periods of low flow. Interstitial fauna were obtained with a Bou-Rouch sampler through permanent standpipes at intervals of one, seven and seventeen days after each spate. A strong relationship was demonstrated between disturbance intensity (amplitude and duration of spates) and the magnitude of changes in the vertical distribution of the fauna. Both hypogean and epigean organisms were displaced vertically after each spate, resulting in an increase in the numbers of epigean organisms in interstitial layers. Recovery of vertical distribution of the interstitial fauna to pre-spate conditions, consisted of a decrease of epigean and an increase of hypogean fauna with the substratum, mainly at intermediate sampling depths (100, 150 cm). The effect of spates on community structure and rate of recovery varied in relation to 1) the combination of spate amplitude and duration (i.e. the shape of the discharge pattern), 2) the disturbance regime (i.e. the recent hydrological past) and 3) season (temperature and biological cycle).     

Chemically-mediated interactions in benthic organisms: the chemical ecology of Crambe crambe (Porifera,Poecilosclerida)

Five temporary forest pools at Noxubee National WildlifeRefuge,Noxubee Co., Mississippi were surveyed monthly for three yearstogain a better understanding of the dynamics of temporaryaquatichabitats. The objective of this study was to characterize thephysicochemical and biological changes in temporary pools inorderto assess the temporal habitat diversity. These ecosystems,allwithin no more than 4 km of one another, were heterotrophicwith adetrital-based food web derived from allochthonous leaflitter.These pools were chosen because of their close proximity tooneanother, they historically filled and dried seasonally, andtheywere known breeding sites for resident amphibian populations.Only47% of the amphibian cohorts inhabiting the pools appeared tothrive and metamorphose prior to pool desiccation. Successfuldevelopment and dispersal of larvae was variable among poolsandyears. We found that the filling cycles differed amonghabitats andthat physiochemical and biological parameters were highlyvariable.Our data suggest that ephemeral pools in this central piedmontregion of Mississippi are each unique and represent habitatsof lowpredictability for amphibian breeding and success. We concludethatit is erroneous to draw generalizations regarding a typicaltemporary pool ecosystem within this region.     

青海祁曼塔格出一带的Kepingophyllum珊瑚动物群

青海祁曼塔格山一带打柴沟组的珊瑚化石是近岸底栖、浅海相的块状复体四射珊瑚,属于晚石炭世至早二叠世过渡性质的Ｋｅｐｉｎｇｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ珊瑚动物群,共７属１９种,其中１新属和１４新种。这些珊瑚的个体外壁由泡沫板和隔壁分化演变而成,它们与华南及西南地区相应时代中的珊瑚关系密切。     

福建省食螨瓢虫区系及地理分布

食螨瓢虫Stethorus spp.是世界上许多果树和经济作物叶螨的一类重要天敌。本文通过对采自福建省28个县、市约3000号食螨瓢虫成虫标本的整理,解剖雄外生殖器制片标本约800张,共鉴定出福建省食螨瓢虫9种,其中4种是福建新记录,包含1种中国大陆新记录和一未定名种。除福建北部和西北部以深点食螨瓢虫Stethorus punctillum Weise为优势种外,其余全省广大地区,以腹营食螨瓢虫片S.siphonulus Kapur和广东食螨瓢虫S.cantonensis Pang为优势种,本文记述了这9个种的分布和寄主,并对福建省食螨瓢虫区系及地理分布作初步分析。     

广西百色第三纪哺乳动物群与气候变迁

在广西百色共发现了三个层位:晚始新世早期的洞均组,晚始新世晚期的那读组和早渐新世的公康组。它们的哺乳动物的种类数目分别为14,27和ll,而其南方类型的百分含量则分别为50,77.8和54.5。故在晚始新世早期或早渐新世,气候较凉;而在晚始新世晚期,气候较暖。这是与北美的情况相类似的。     

云南禄丰古猿化石地点再次发现腊玛古猿头骨——1981年发掘报告

本文记述了1981年10月—12月在云南禄丰古猿化石地点发掘的地层情况以及古猿、其他灵长类化石的初步观察。此次发掘在第3层发现三个腊玛古猿头骨,其中两个为少年个体,在第5层发现具有较完整下颌支的西瓦古猿下颌骨。这些材料的发现有助于确定腊玛古猿的系统地位和西瓦古猿头骨形态的复原。