酵母单杂交系统在植物抗渗透胁迫转录因子研究中的应用

酵母单杂交系统是由酵母双杂交系统衍生来的研究DNA与蛋白质之间相互作用的新型系统。该论文系统阐述了单杂交系统的基本原理和技术路线,详细综述了其在植物抗渗透胁迫转录因子各个研究领域的应用进展,即克隆抗渗透胁迫类转录因子基因,确定已知DNA-蛋白质的相互作用,定位已证实的具有相互作用的DNA结合结构域以及验证转录激活作用;并分析了当前该系统在植物抗渗透胁迫转录因子研究中存在的问题,进而结合自己的研究对解决问题的途径进行了探讨。     

基因枪法获得逆境诱导转录因子DREB1A转基因小麦的研究

以小麦品种H6756和藁城8901作为基因枪转化的靶材料,取其护颖至雌雄蕊原基形成期的幼穗,用含逆境诱导转录因子DREB1A和bar基因的质粒pAHC25轰击胚性愈伤组织,在分别含有5mgL和10mgLBasta溶液的培养基上进行筛选。得到的抗性愈伤组织在不含Basta溶液的培养基上再生培养,获得218棵再生植株。田间涂抹浓度为100mgL的Basta溶液检测后,对抗性植株作PCR检测,获得54棵再生植株。通过对其中20株T1代的PCR和Southern杂交分析,已获得14株含DREB1A和bar基因的转基因小麦植株,其中H675613株,藁城89011株。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis rd29A::DREB1A</Emphasis> enhances freezing tolerance in transgenic potato

The freezing tolerance of 38 independent transgenic potato lines derived from the cultivar Desiree was tested in vitro using plantlets. The lines were transgenic for the DREB1A gene under control of the rd29A promoter, both of which were derived from Arabidopsis thaliana. The level of damage caused by freezing varied significantly among the transgenic clones and a non-transgenic control (cv. Desiree). Phenotypic evaluation indicated that the variable responses to freezing were attributable to genotypic variation, but freezing tolerance was not dependent on the number of insertions. Northern blot analysis using a DREB1A cDNA probe revealed high levels of DREB1A expression among the transgenic clones during the initial cold exposure at 4°C (after 2 h) and in the early stages of freezing (−20°C, 1–10 min). Furthermore, a linear correlation was detected between the level of expression and the phenotypic response for all lines except D138. Thus, in the case of potato, a significant increase in freezing tolerance was observed in vitro on a small scale following the introduction of rd29A::DREB1A. Additional testing will show whether this strategy can be used for tolerance breeding in potato and to increase the freezing tolerance of other agriculturally important crops. Babak Behnam and Akira Kikuchi equally contributed for this work.