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11.
María Cecilia Albareda Susana Adriana Laucella 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):414-421
The aim of this review is to describe the contributions of the knowledge of T-cell
responses to the understanding of the physiopathology and the responsiveness to
etiological treatment during the chronic phase of Chagas disease.
T-helper (Th)1 and interleukin (IL)-10 Trypanosoma
cruzi-specific T-cells have been linked to the asymptomatic phase or to
severe clinical forms of the disease, respectively or vice versa,
depending on the T. cruzi antigen source, the patient’s location and
the performed immunological assays. Parasite-specific T-cell responses are modulated
after benznidazole (BZ) treatment in chronically T. cruzi-infected
subjects in association with a significant decrease in T.
cruzi-specific antibodies. Accumulating evidence has indicated that
treatment efficacy during experimental infection with T. cruzi
results from the combined action of BZ and the activation of appropriate
immune responses in the host. However, strong support of this interaction in
T. cruzi-infected humans remains lacking. Overall, the quality of T-cell
responses might be a key factor in not only disease evolution, but also chemotherapy
responsiveness. Immunological parameters are potential indicators of treatment
response regardless of achievement of cure. Providing tools to monitor and provide
early predictions of treatment success will allow the development of new therapeutic
options. 相似文献
12.
Local delivery of IL-12 and GM-CSF to advanced primary tumors results in T- and NK-cell-dependent cure of disseminated disease
in a murine spontaneous lung metastasis model. Post-therapy functional dynamics of cytotoxic T- and NK-cells were analyzed
in primary and metastatic tumors to determine the specific roles of each subset in tumor eradication. Time-dependent depletion
of CD8+ T and NK-cells demonstrated that CD8+ T-cells were critical to eradication of metastatic tumors within 3 days of treatment,
but not later. In contrast, NK-cells were found to be essential to tumor regression for at least 10 days after cytokine delivery.
Analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte populations in post-therapy primary tumors demonstrated that treatment resulted
in the activation of tumor-associated CD8+ T-cells within 24 h as determined by IFNγ and perforin production. T-cell activity
peaked between days 1 and 3 and subsided rapidly thereafter. Activation was not accompanied with an increase in cell numbers
suggesting that treatment mobilized pre-existing T-effector/memory cells without inducing proliferation. In contrast, therapy
resulted in a ≥3-fold enhancement of both the quantity and the cytotoxic activity of NK-cells in primary and metastatic tumors
on day 3 post-therapy. NK-cell activity was also transient and subsided to pre-therapy levels by day 5. Depletion of CD4+
and CD8+ T-cells prior to treatment completely abrogated NK-cell infiltration into primary and metastatic tumors demonstrating
the strict dependence of NK-cell recruitment on pre-existing T-effector/memory cells. Treatment failed to induce significant
NK-cell infiltration in IFNγ-knockout mice establishing the central role of IFNγ in NK-cell chemotaxis to tumors. These data
show that transient activation of tumor-associated T-effector/memory and NK-cells, but not long-term CD8+ T-cell responses,
are critical to suppression of metastatic disease in this model; and reveal a novel role for pre-existing adaptive T-cell
immunity in the recruitment of innate effectors to tumors.
This work was supported by NIH/NCI grant R01-CA100656-01A1 to N.K.E. 相似文献
13.
14.
Luana Leandro Gois Sanjay Mehta Maria Zilma Andrade Rodrigues Robert T Schooley Roberto Badaró Maria Fernanda Rios Grassi 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(1):9-14
The effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on the immune response in patients
with cutaneous leishmaniasis have not yet been fully delineated. This study
quantified and evaluated the function of memory T-cell subsets in response to soluble
Leishmania antigens (SLA) from patients coinfected with HIV and
Leishmania with tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL). Eight TL/HIV
coinfected subjects and 10 HIV seronegative subjects with TL were evaluated. The
proliferative response of CD4+and CD8+T-cells and naïve, central memory (CM) and
effector memory (EM) CD4+T-cells in response to SLA were quantified using flow
cytometry. The median cell division indices for CD4+and CD8+T-cells of coinfected
patients in response to SLA were significantly lower than those in patients with
Leishmania monoinfection (p < 0.05). The proportions of CM and
EM CD4+T-cells in response to SLA were similar between the coinfected patients and
patients with Leishmania monoinfection. However, the median CM and
EM CD4+T-cell counts from coinfected patients were significantly lower (p < 0.05).
The reduction in the lymphoproliferative response to Leishmania
antigens coincides with the decrease in the absolute numbers of both EM and CM
CD4+T-cells in response to Leishmania antigens in patients
coinfected with HIV/Leishmania. 相似文献
15.
The airway epithelium is exposed to a range of irritants in the environment that are known to trigger inflammatory response such as asthma. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a Ca2+-permeable cation channel critical for detecting noxious stimuli by sensory neurons. Recently increasing evidence suggests TRPV1 is also crucially involved in the pathophysiology of asthma on airway epithelium in human. Here we report that in airway epithelial cells TRPV1 activation potently induces allergic cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) release. TSLP induction by protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 activation is also partially mediated by TRPV1 channels. 相似文献
16.
Edoardo Francini Fang-Shu Ou Stefano Lazzi Roberto Petrioli Andrea G. Multari Guido Pesola Luciana Messuti Elena Colombo Virginia Livellara Serena Bazzurri Sara Cherri Salvatora T. Miano Eric G. Wolfe Steven R. Alberts Joleen M. Hubbard Harry H. Yoon Guido Francini 《Translational oncology》2021,14(2)
BackgroundHigh tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) density was previously shown to be associated with favorable prognosis for patients with colon cancer (CC). However, the impact of TILs on overall survival (OS) of stage II CC patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (ADJ) or not (no-ADJ) is unknown. We assessed the prognostic value of CD3+ TILs in stage II CC patients according to whether they had ADJ or not.MethodsPatients treated with curative surgery for stage II CC (2002–2013) were selected from the Santa Maria alle Scotte Hospital registry. TILs at the invasive front, center of tumor, and stroma were determined by immunohistochemistry and manually quantified as the rate of TILs/total tissue areas. High TILs (H-TILs) was defined as >20%. Patients were categorized as high or low TILs (L-TILs) and ADJ or no-ADJ.ResultsOf the 678 patients included, 137 (20%) received ADJ and 541 (80%) did not. The distribution of the 4 groups were: 16% (L-TIL/ADJ), 64% (L-TIL/no-ADJ), 5% (H-TIL/ADJ), 15% (H-TIL/no-ADJ). Compared to H-TILs/no-ADJ, ADJ patients showed a significantly increased OS (P<.01) regardless of the TILs rate whereas L-TILs/no-ADJ had significantly decreased OS and higher risk of death (HR=1.41; 95% CI, 1.06–1.88; P<.0001). On multivariable analysis, the unfavorable prognostic value of L-TILs (vs. H-TILs) for no-ADJ patients was confirmed (HR=1.36; 95% CI 1.02, 1.82; P=.0373).ConclusionLow CD3+ TILs rate was associated with shorter OS in those with stage II colon cancer who did not receive adjuvant therapy. Low CD3+ TILs could be considered an additional risk factor for still ADJ-untreated stage II CC patients, which could facilitate clinical decision making. 相似文献
17.
Interferon γ (IFNγ) plays a central role in the immune response against infection and tumur immune surveillance. Its functions include not only activation of the host immune system to control microbial infections but also repression of autoimmune responses by turning on T-regulatory cells and increasing T effector cell apoptosis. Defects in IFNγ and IFNγ receptor genes have been associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. However, treatment of autoimmune diseases by supplementing with IFNγ has been satisfactory due to its broad biological effects. Instead, its target T-regulatory cells may be used for the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases. Future study could also focus on promotion of the beneficial effects of IFNγ and blocking those unwanted IFNγ-induced activities. 相似文献
18.
Franco Pandolfi Douglas M. Strong Guy D. Bonnard Ronald B. Herberman 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1980,16(9):754-760
Summary Four hematopoietic cell lines (CCRF-CEM, HSB-2, MOLT-4, and RPMI-8402), derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia and expressing
T-cell surface markers (T-HCL), were studied with two specific anti-T-cell sera. The sera were raised in rabbits against human
thymocytes (anti-HTY) and against T-cells cultured in the presence of conditioned medium derived from lymphocytes stimulated
with PHA (anti-CTC). Both sera were absorbed to obtain a T-cell specific pattern of reaction and were further absorbed with
normal peripheral blood lymphocytes or with each of the four T-HCL. The anti-HTY sera absorbed with CEM, 8402, and HSB-2 still
reacted with MOLT-4. A similar pattern of reactivity was found only with the anti-CTC absorbed with 8402, whereas, after absorptions
with the other cell lines, this antiserum was unreactive against MOLT-4. After absorption with normal peripheral blood lymphocytes,
anti-HTY still reacted with thymocytes and MOLT-4 but was negative on CTC. In contrast, anti-CTC absorbed with peripheral
blood lymphocytes (PBL) was negative on thymocytes and MOLT-4 but still reacted against CTC. Our data confirm the existence
of a T-cell antigen (probably an early T-cell differentiation antigen) shared between thymus and MOLT-4. This antigen is not
expressed on CTC, although these cells express an antigenic pattern more complex than PBL. Antisera to CTC represents a source
of anti-T-cell sera free of contamination with antibodies to early thymus-related antigens but containing other T-cell-related
specificities.
Supported in part by Naval Medical Research and Development Command, Research Task No. ZF51.524.013.1025, and National Cancer
Institute Contract No. Y01-CB-00319. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the writers and
are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the naval service at large. The experiments
reported herein were conducted according to the principles set forth in the current edition of the “Guide for the Care and
Use of Laboratory Animals,” Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council. 相似文献
19.
20.
Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease process involving an array of cell types and interactions. Although macrophage foam cells and vascular smooth muscle cells constitute the bulk of the atherosclerotic lesion, other cell types have been implicated in this disease process as well. These cellular components of both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in modulating the response of macrophage foam cells and vascular smooth muscle cells to the retained and modified lipids in the vessel wall as well as in driving the chronic vascular inflammation that characterizes this disease. In this review, the involvement of a number of less prominent leukocyte populations in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is discussed. More specifically, the roles of natural killer cells, mast cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, gammadelta T-cells, natural killer T-cells, regulatory T-cells, and B-cells are addressed. 相似文献