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排序方式: 共有95条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
61.
向珣朝 《植物遗传资源学报》2011,12(6):1014-1024
胞质雄性不育多样性是解决三系杂交稻品质、抗性和产量的主要措施。在以密阳46为母本的杂交后代中发现不育材料H236A,通过杂交和自交,确定其不育类型和不育度;通过碘染和徕卡荧光显微镜DM2500对成熟花粉粒观察,确定花粉粒育性、败育形态和时期。结果表明:H236A是胞质雄性不育,不育度达99.8%以上;花粉粒属典败型的达83.17%,圆败型占16.83%,没有染败型花粉粒,为单核期败育。花粉粒败育形态多种多样,有不规则形,梭形,圆形等。清晰观察到晚期小孢子细胞质定向移动形成细胞质桥现象。本文还讨论了成熟花粉粒败育时期和败育形态的划分。 相似文献
62.
摘要:黑素瘤缺乏因子2(absentinmelanoma2,AIM2)是一种细胞质的蛋白质,能够通过PYD(pyrindomain)结构域与接头蛋白(Asc)相互作用。一旦感知到了胞质dsDNA之后,AIM2就会募集到ASC产生出炎症复合体,进而激活了caspase-1,促进炎症性的细胞因子成熟与分泌,比如IL-18。而且AIM2不但能够在细胞质中存在,还能够在细胞核内存在,究竟存在何处是由细胞类型所决定。AIM2还能够感受到胞质与核内dsDNA所发出的不同天然免疫应答,诱导生成干扰素-β和炎症性的细胞因子。本文就对AIM2的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
63.
D.J. Klionsky 《The Journal of membrane biology》1997,156(2):105-115
The fungal vacuole is integrally involved in various cellular processes that include protein and organellar degradation and
recycling. The ability to sequester numerous hydrolases within the cell makes the hydrolytic capacity of the vacuole critical
under certain environmental conditions. Accordingly, cellular constituents destined for degradation are delivered to the vacuole
through the secretory pathway, by endocytosis and from the cytoplasm. Different mechanisms have evolved to accommodate these
multiple transport pathways. Protein transport from the cytoplasm into the vacuole in particular relies on the dynamic nature
of the vacuole membrane. This review describes recent research on this topic from yeast systems and points out the direction
of future studies aimed at understanding this complex organelle.
Received: 13 January/Revised: 9 March 1997 相似文献
64.
Voltammetric behavior of the MCF-7 cell cytoplasm and the effect of taxol on voltammetric response 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jing Tao Wang Xiu E. Li Yu Zhang Tao Zhang Dong Mei Wu Yuan Gang Zu 《Analytical biochemistry》2009,394(2):229-236
The aims of this study were to find the electroactive species in the human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell cytoplasm causing a voltammetric response of the cells and to establish a simple and rapid measurement method to obtain strong and direct electrochemical responses objectively reflecting the cell viability. Ultrasonication was carried out for the electrochemical detection. The presence of guanine and xanthine in the MCF-7 cell eluent secreted by the living cells and in the MCF-7 cell cytoplasm was verified by HPLC assay with a DAD system and chemometric method. The concentrations of guanine and xanthine in the MCF-7 cell cytoplasm and the voltammetric response of the MCF-7 cell cytoplasm had higher levels than those of intact cell suspensions. Additionally, taxol caused a decrease of the voltammetric response of the cytoplasm and concentrations of xanthine and guanine in the cytoplasm. Therefore, the origin of the voltammetric response of the MCF-7 cytoplasm was driven by the alteration of the levels of xanthine and guanine, which were related to the cell viability. Thus, the voltammetric response of the ultrasonicated MCF-7 cell suspension could be used to monitor the MCF-7 cell growth and to evaluate the effectiveness of antitumor drugs on tumor suppression. 相似文献
65.
Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GDPD) catalyzes the hydrolysis of deacylated glycerophospholipids to glycerol phosphate and alcohol. GDPD5 has been reported in Mus musculus and Gallus gallus, but not in Homo sapiens. Here we report the cloning and characterization of a novel human GDPD domain-containing gene, GDPD5, isolated from human testis cDNA library, and mapped to 11q13.4-13.5 by searching the UCSC genomic database. The GDPD5 cDNA sequence of 3442 base pairs contains an open reading frame encoding 605 amino acids. The GDPD5 gene consists of 17 exons and encodes a putative protein with six transmembrane regions and a GDPD motif. Subcellular localization of GDPD5 demonstrated that the protein was localized in the cytoplasm when overexpressed in COS-7 cells. RT-PCR analysis showed that GDPD5 was widely expressed in human tissues and the expression levels in kidney and prostate were relatively low. 相似文献
66.
In animal and fungal cells, cytokinesis involves an actomyosin ring that forms and contracts at the division plane. Important new details have emerged concerning the composition, assembly, and dynamics of these contractile rings. In addition, recent advances suggest that targeted membrane addition is a central feature of cytokinesis in animal cells - as it is in fungi and plants - and the coordination of actomyosin ring function with targeted exocytosis at the cleavage plane is being explored. Important new information has also emerged about the spatial and temporal regulation of cytokinesis, especially in relation to the function of the spindle midzone in animal cells and the control of cytokinesis by GTPase systems. 相似文献
67.
Summary Wheat roots from germinating seedlings of Chinese spring wheatTriticum aestivum grown for 36 hours at 20°C were examined by conventional thin-section electron microscopy. Virus-like particles were seen inside a large cytoplasmic intrusion into the nucleus having the appearence of a nucleolar vacuole. The particles were isometric and about 50 nm in diameter with a membrane-like coat and a small core. The cytoplasmic intrusion was bounded by nuclear envelope with pores apparent where it abutted nucleoplasm. The particles are similar to previously reported solitary particles S bodies from a range of plants but are also similar in size and morphology to the retroposon particles associated with copia like elements in other organisms. The position of the virus-like particles in the young wheat roots is discussed in relation to interactions with components of the cell skeleton. 相似文献
68.
Eveline Seifert Felix Müller-Holtkamp David Marcey Herbert Jäckle 《Development genes and evolution》1987,196(2):78-82
Summary
spätzle (spz), a maternal effect gene of Drosophila, is involved in the establishment of the dorso-ventral axis during embryogenesis. Eggs from females lacking the spz gene product develop into completely dorsalized embryos, i.e. the ventral and lateral pattern elements fail to develop. Upon injection of either cytoplasm or poly(A)+ RNA from early wild-type embryos, spz embryos develop lateral pattern elements represented by Filzkörper and in the case of injected cytoplasm additional ventral pattern elements represented by ventral setae. Wild-type cytoplasm retains the rescuing activity longer than the poly(A)+ RNA fraction does, and cytoplasm is always more effective in provoking the rescue than poly(A)+ RNA. Mosaic females containing spz germ cells surrounded by spz
+ tissues were generated by pole cell transplantations; a mutant genotype in the germ cells is sufficient to produce all aspects of the spz mutant phenotype, suggesting that the maternal source of spz gene product is the germ line. 相似文献
69.
应用一般细胞学染色方法和生物化学去膜技术结合扫描电子显微镜观察了小型毛板壳虫(Colepshirtus minor Kahl)的骨板形态和构造,描述了无性分裂期间,正常条件下骨板系统的发生及实验条件下骨板系统的继承和变化过程。 相似文献
70.
We show that the pH dependence of the base-catalysed exchange rate of the ammonium ion provides a basis for discriminating between the cytoplasmic and vacuolar pools of ammonium in plant tissues. In vivo, 14N-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were recorded with and without 1H-decoupling and information on the subcellular distribution of NH
4
+
was obtained from a lineshape analysis of the 1H-coupled spectrum. We applied this method to maize (Zea mays L.) root tissues and found that: (i), the cytoplasmic ammonium concentration was low, which was in accord with the large activity of glutamine synthetase present in the roots; and (ii), inhibition of glutamine synthetase with methionine sulphoximine increased the cytoplasmic ammonium concentration, and led to the appearance of ammonium in the xylem sap.Abbreviations GS
glutamine synthetase
- MSO
l-methionine sulphoximine
- NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance
- Pi
inorganic phosphate
On secondment to the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford.We acknowledge the financial support of the Agricultural and Food Research Council. R.B. Lee also thanks the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, for hospitality. 相似文献