腹腔镜子宫切除术对宫颈癌患者近期疗效及远期复发率的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜根治性子宫切除术对宫颈癌患者近期疗效及远期复发率和生存率的影响。方法:选取2013年5月-2015年5月在我院接受手术切除治疗的宫颈癌患者71例为研究对象,根据手术方法不同将所选患者分为两组。腹腔镜组37例患者采用腹腔镜根治性子宫切除术,开腹手术组34例患者采用改良式根治性肿瘤切除术。观察并比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、肿瘤切除长度、淋巴结清扫数、盆腔引流量、术后拔管时间等近期疗效,以及远期复发率及生存率。结果:与开腹手术组比较,腹腔镜组患者手术时间长、术中出血量少,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的肿瘤切除长度及淋巴结清除数比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);与开腹手术组比较,腹腔镜组患者的盆腔引流量较少,术后排气时间较早,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);但两组患者术后拔管时间及住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术后五年的复发率及生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜根治性子宫切除术治疗宫颈癌的近期疗效显著,且不会影响患者的远期复发率及生存率。     

目标导向液体管理策略对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者血流动力学、组织灌注指标及肝肾功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨目标导向液体管理策略（GDFT）对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者血流动力学、组织灌注指标及肝肾功能的影响。方法：选取 2016年7月~2019年4月期间我院收治的84例行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组（n=42）和研究组（n=42）,其中对照组患者予以常规输液方案,研究组予以GDFT治疗,比较两组患者围术期指标、体液容量、血流动力学、组织灌注指标及肝肾功能。结果：两组气腹时间、手术时间、住院时间、麻醉时间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,研究组胃肠功能恢复时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组晶体液量、总输液量少于对照组（P<0.05）,胶体液量、尿量均多于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组诱导后即刻 (T2)~ 术毕时（T4）时间点心率（HR）低于对照组（P<0.05）;研究组T2时间点平均动脉压（MAP）高于对照组,手术开始1小时（T3）、T4时间点MAP低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组T2~T4时间点动脉乳酸（aLac）、血糖（Glu）低于对照组,T3~T4时间点中心静脉血氧饱和度（ScvO2）高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者术前、术后3d、术后7d谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组患者术后3d、术后7d的ALT、AST、BUN、Cr均呈先升高后降低趋势（P<0.05）。结论：GDFT与常规输液对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者肝肾功能的影响相当,但GDFT可较好地维持机体血流动力学平稳,并且对组织灌注和体液循环具有更好的改善效果。     

Nej1 interacts with Sae2 at DNA double-stranded breaks to inhibit DNA resection

The two major pathways of DNA double-strand break repair, nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination, are highly conserved from yeast to mammals. The regulation of 5′-DNA resection controls repair pathway choice and influences repair outcomes. Nej1 was first identified as a canonical NHEJ factor involved in stimulating the ligation of broken DNA ends, and more recently, it was shown to participate in DNA end-bridging and in the inhibition of 5′-resection mediated by the nuclease/helicase complex Dna2–Sgs1. Here, we show that Nej1 interacts with Sae2 to impact DSB repair in three ways. First, we show that Nej1 inhibits interaction of Sae2 with the Mre11–Rad50–Xrs2 complex and Sae2 localization to DSBs. Second, we found that Nej1 inhibits Sae2-dependent recruitment of Dna2 independently of Sgs1. Third, we determined that NEJ1 and SAE2 showed an epistatic relationship for end-bridging, an event that restrains broken DNA ends and reduces the frequency of genomic deletions from developing at the break site. Finally, we demonstrate that deletion of NEJ1 suppressed the synthetic lethality of sae2Δ sgs1Δ mutants, and that triple mutant viability was dependent on Dna2 nuclease activity. Taken together, these findings provide mechanistic insight to how Nej1 functionality inhibits the initiation of DNA resection, a role that is distinct from its involvement in end-joining repair at DSBs.     

VEGF levels and the angiogenic potential of the microenvironment can affect surgical strategy for colorectal liver metastasis

The hypotheses emerging from basic research on colorectal liver metastases must be tested in clinical situations for the adaptation of current treatment strategies. Pre-metastatic niches have been shown to exist in human colorectal synchronous metastases, with the liver parenchyma adjacent to the synchronous liver metastases providing a favorable, angiogenic environment for metastatic tumor growth. The role of the VEGF signaling pathway in liver regeneration and tumor growth remains unclear, but the use of antiangiogenic agents in combination with surgical treatment is almost certainly beneficial.     

Therapeutic advances for patients with intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and constitutes a major health threat globally. Intermediate HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging, stage B) encompasses a wide range of patients and is characterized by substantial heterogeneity with varying tumor burdens and liver functions. Therefore, it is paramount to evaluate the patient's overall conditions and to select the most appropriate therapy based on available evidence. Transarterial chemoembolization is the recommended first-line therapy for intermediate HCC patients. However, in clinical practice, other treatment options are also used as alternative therapies, such as hepatic resection, percutaneous thermal ablation, radiotherapy (RT), systemic treatment, immunotherapy, and so forth. In this review, we will introduce current treatment strategies for intermediate HCC, discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and propose future directions.     

RNA polymerase III is required for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination

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手术治疗复杂性肝内胆管结石的临床分析

目的:探讨规则性肝段/肝叶切除术治疗复杂性肝内胆管结石的临床疗效。方法:2009年6月至2013年6月期间,我们共同诊治的60例复杂性肝内胆管结石患者,随机将其分为对照组(非规则性肝段/肝叶切除术)和观察组(规则性肝段/肝叶切除术),每组各30例,对两组术中出血量,以及结石清除率、并发症、复发率,进行观察和比较。结果:与对照组相比,观察组术中出血量明显减少,结石清除率明显提高,并发症发生率和复发率显著降低(P0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论:对于复杂性肝内胆管结石患者,规则性肝段/肝叶切除术治疗的疗效显著,明显提高患者的预后质量,值得临床推广。     

胃楔形切除术致胃电节律改变的实验观察

目的：观察楔形切除胃的不同部位对术后胃电节律的影响。方法：将30只雄性新西兰兔按照完全随机原则分为胃体近端楔形切除组、胃体远端楔形切除组及对照组3个处理组,每组10只。记录在自然恢复状态下术后3日、6日、9日胃体近端及胃窦处30分钟内慢波总数及正常慢波次数并计算正常慢波百分比。用析因设计分析切除部位、测量部位、术后时间三因素对胃慢波节律的影响。结果：上述三因素均对术后慢波节律有影响,切除胃体近端与切除胃体远端相比,前者引发的术后胃电节律紊乱的程度更严重且恢复更缓慢;术后测量胃窦处与测量胃体处相比,前者发生的胃电节律紊乱的程度更严重且恢复更缓慢。结论：大弯侧胃底与胃体交医院界处的“胃电起始区域”即为“胃电起搏区”,“胃电起搏区”的切除时术后胃电节律的影响大于传导区域切除对其影响、