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351.
352.
Summary The dolomitic Wojciechowice Formation distinctly differs from the remaining, mainly shaly Middle Devonian succession in northern
part of the Holy Cross Mountains (Central Poland). The upper Member of the Formation (Crystalline Dolostone Mb.), in greater
part dolomitized but also containing limestone beds, is composed of shallowing-upward cyclothems well exposed in Skaly quarry
in the Bodzentyn syncline.
The lower parts of the cyclothems, interpreted as subtidal facies, contain fossils characteristic for restricted environments.
They are grouped into two assemblages. The first, with brachiopods (largeBornhardtina andEmanuella), massive stromatoporoids, and subordinate gastropods and amphiporoids is related to a deeper subtidal environment, while
the second (mainly amphiporoids, gastropods, ostracodes and calcareous algae) is shallower subtidal. Towards the top of succession
the fossil content radically decreases. The upper parts of cyclothems are composed mainly of different types of laminites.
In these parts of the section, interpreted as intertidal/supratidal units, stromatolites, desiccation polygons, intraformational
breccias, and common bioturbations are present. The whole succession was deposited in a low-energy environment, only intermittently
affected by high-energy events. For their most spectacular example of this, aBornhardtina-coquinite, a tempestitic origin is proposed.
The interval with cyclic sedimentation studied correlates with the dolomitized lower “Unit I” of the Stromatoporoid-Coral
Kowala Formation from the southern part of the Holy Cross Mountains, which exhibits sabkha-type cyclicity. The differences
in development of cyclothems in both regions resemble outer and inner part of an extensive platform, and correspond well with
basic trends of the Lower-Middle Devonian transgression in the Holy Cross Mountains. The general succession of formations
deposited during this process coincides with transgressive events on Johnson's eustatic curve for the Devonian. 相似文献
353.
In this paper a procedure SANOVA of simultaneous testing hypotheses is compared with others used in analysis of variance in a fixed linear model. The geometrical relation between SANOVA and Scheffé's confidence regions is discussed. It is shown that individual confidence intervals from SANOVA procedure are not longer than Scheffe's, Dunnett's and Tukey's ones. The cases, when they are the same are indicated. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by a practical example. 相似文献
354.
355.
《Cell host & microbe》2022,30(12):1717-1731.e6
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356.
The predictive distribution of the residual variability in the linear‐fixed effects model for clinical cross‐over trials
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Anja Bertsche Gerhard Nehmiz Jan Beyersmann Andrew P. Grieve 《Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift》2016,58(4):797-809
In the linear model for cross‐over trials, with fixed subject effects and normal i.i.d. random errors, the residual variability corresponds to the intraindividual variability. While population variances are in general unknown, an estimate can be derived that follows a gamma distribution, where the scale parameter is based on the true unknown variability. This gamma distribution is often used for the sample size calculation for trial planning with the precision approach, where the aim is to achieve in the next trial a predefined precision with a given probability. But then the imprecision in the estimated residual variability or, from a Bayesian perspective, the uncertainty of the unknown variability is not taken into account. Here, we present the predictive distribution for the residual variability, and we investigate a link to the F distribution. The consequence is that in the precision approach more subjects will be necessary than with the conventional calculation. For values of the intraindividual variability that are typical of human pharmacokinetics, that is a gCV of 17–36%, we would need approximately a sixth more subjects. 相似文献
357.
In capture–recapture models, survival and capture probabilities can be modelled as functions of time‐varying covariates, such as temperature or rainfall. The Cormack–Jolly–Seber (CJS) model allows for flexible modelling of these covariates; however, the functional relationship may not be linear. We extend the CJS model by semi‐parametrically modelling capture and survival probabilities using a frequentist approach via P‐splines techniques. We investigate the performance of the estimators by conducting simulation studies. We also apply and compare these models with known semi‐parametric Bayesian approaches on simulated and real data sets. 相似文献
358.
本文对218例1—94岁中国汉族人胫骨中段横断面的矢状径、横径、髓腔矢、横径及骨密质前、内、外缘,内、外、后面厚度等10项指标进行了测量分析。结果表明,胫骨中段矢状径、横径及骨密质相对厚度在1—30岁年龄阶段与年龄具有高度正相关性。髓腔平均直径在1—25岁年龄阶段亦呈规律性变化。 相似文献
359.
In a previous project, we screened the American mink Bacterial Artificial Chromosome library, CHORI‐231, for genes potentially involved in various coat colour phenotypes in the American mink. Subsequently, we 454 sequenced the inserts containing these genes and developed microsatellite markers for each of these genes. Here, we describe a lack of association between three different ‘roan‐type' phenotypes represented by Cross, Stardust and Cinnamon in American mink and six different genes that we considered to be potentially linked to these phenotypes. Thus, c‐KIT (HUGO‐approved symbol KIT), ATOH‐1 (HUGO‐approved symbol ATOH1) and POMC were excluded as potential candidates for these three phenotypes. In addition, MITF and SLC24A5 were excluded for Cross and Cinnamon, and KITL (HUGO‐approved symbol KITLG) for Cross and Stardust. Although most of these genes have been implicated as the cause of similar phenotypes in other mammals, including horses, pigs, cows, dogs, cats, mice and humans, they do not appear to be responsible for comparable phenotypes found in American mink. 相似文献