全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3515篇 |
免费 | 261篇 |
国内免费 | 135篇 |
专业分类
3911篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 87篇 |
2022年 | 80篇 |
2021年 | 116篇 |
2020年 | 132篇 |
2019年 | 190篇 |
2018年 | 153篇 |
2017年 | 152篇 |
2016年 | 124篇 |
2015年 | 134篇 |
2014年 | 202篇 |
2013年 | 303篇 |
2012年 | 157篇 |
2011年 | 152篇 |
2010年 | 133篇 |
2009年 | 157篇 |
2008年 | 170篇 |
2007年 | 152篇 |
2006年 | 164篇 |
2005年 | 129篇 |
2004年 | 111篇 |
2003年 | 95篇 |
2002年 | 93篇 |
2001年 | 68篇 |
2000年 | 57篇 |
1999年 | 60篇 |
1998年 | 43篇 |
1997年 | 51篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 45篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 31篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 34篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 19篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有3911条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Changes in the absorbance spectrum of tetraphenylporphyrin sulfonate (TPPS) are observed that are unique for the proteins lysozyme, luciferase, apomyoglobin, myoglobin, gamma globulin, insulin, RNAase, phosphotransacetylase, papain, ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), protamine sulfate, and polylysine. The absorbance spectrum of porphyrins is different for native compared with heat denatured RNAase. A unique absorbance wavelength red shift is observed with trypsin when trypsin inhibitor is present, indicating that porphyrins incorporated with proteins can detect conformational changes in the protein. The absorbance spectrum of the Soret band of TPPS undergoes bathochromic shifts upon addition of local anesthetics to acetylcholine esterase (AChE), suggesting that the absorbance spectrum of porphyrins can be used as a reporter of the presence of inhibitors of AChE by indicating conformational changes on binding of the inhibitor. 相似文献
92.
Lewis D. Pennington Douglas A. Whittington Michael D. Bartberger Steven R. Jordan Holger Monenschein Thomas T. Nguyen Bryant H. Yang Qiufen M. Xue Filisaty Vounatsos Robert C. Wahl Kui Chen Stephen Wood Martin Citron Vinod F. Patel Stephen A. Hitchcock Wenge Zhong 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(15):4459-4464
We describe a systematic study of how macrocyclization in the P1–P3 region of hydroxyethylamine-based inhibitors of β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme (BACE1) modulates in vitro activity. This study reveals that in a number of instances macrocyclization of bis-terminal dienes leads to improved potency toward BACE1 and selectivity against cathepsin D (CatD), as well as greater amyloid β-peptide (Aβ)-lowering activity in HEK293T cells stably expressing APPSW. However, for several closely related analogs the benefits of macrocyclization are attenuated by the effects of other structural features in different regions of the molecules. X-ray crystal structures of three of these novel macrocyclic inhibitors bound to BACE1 revealed their binding conformations and interactions with the enzyme. 相似文献
93.
G. Stoelken K. Pritsch J. Simon C. W. Mueller T. E. E. Grams J. Esperschuetz 《Plant biosystems》2013,147(3):537-546
Abstract In a lysimeter study with young beech trees, the effects of elevated ozone concentration on the decomposition and fate of nitrogen in 15N‐labeled leaf litter were analyzed after one growing season. Nitrogen in the litter was dominated by a relatively inert, residual fraction, but easily decomposable nitrogen was present in substantial amounts. Nitrogen loss was significantly higher at twice‐ambient ozone which was largely attributed to an enhanced mobilization of residual nitrogen. Enhanced mobilization of nitrogen from litter at twice‐ambient ozone exposure resulted in additional 15N incorporation into the soil down to 30 cm depth. Only 0.41–0.62% of the nitrogen in the litter was incorporated into plant material at both ozone concentrations. Twice‐ambient ozone exposure changed the distribution of the nitrogen taken up from litter inside the beech trees in favor of the shoot, where it may have been used in biosynthetic processes required for defense reactions. 相似文献
94.
A small library of novel spiropyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids has been prepared regioselectively in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumbromide ([bmim]Br) with good to excellent yields using a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction. These synthesized compounds were evaluated as potential agents for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Compound 4b showed the most potent activity, with an IC50 of 7.9 ± 0.25 µM against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The inhibition mechanisms for the most active compounds on AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) receptors were elucidated using molecular docking simulations. 相似文献
95.
The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden is an ongoing prospective study of female residents who were recruited from the local registry in 1968–1969 when they were 38–60 years old. The data presented here were collected from 361 healthy women who underwent a baseline physical examination including a supplementary dietary history interview and returned for a second general health examination 6 years later. This report identifies a subgroup of 57 women who were sedentary during their leisure time and appear to have been particularly susceptible to gaining weight as a function of the fat content of their diets. Specifically, longitudinal analysis of body weights in the whole sample revealed a statistical interaction between leisure-time physical activity and habitual dietary fat intake (energy-%), as reported at the baseline examination, in the prediction of subsequent weight change. Further stratified analysis suggested that weight changes were significantly dependent on dietary fat intake among the sedentary women only. High energy intake also predicted weight gain in the sedentary group, although the predictive value for a high-fat diet was of marginal significance after adjusting for total energy consumption. These results suggest that sedentary recreational activity plus a low-fat diet may have a combined contribution to weight change that is not equivalent to the sum of the separate effects. Such a synergy between two modifiable lifestyle factors seems highly relevant for prevention of obesity. 相似文献
96.
Two mirids,Deraeocoris sp. andCampylomma nicolasi Reuter and one lygaeid,Geocoris ochropterus Fieber were found preying onB. tabaci (Gennadius) for the first time in Maharashtra State of India during 1987–88. Their biology and predation capacity onB. tabaci were studied in detail under laboratory conditions. The nymphal stage ofDeraeocoris sp. passed through 6 instars, whereas 5 instars in case of the remaining species.G. ochropterus, Deraeocoris sp. andC. nicolasi consumed on an average 482.5, 275.3 and 128.8 nymphs of 57.3, 25.5 and 20.6 days, respectively. On the basis of consumption
rate per day,Deraeocoris sp. proved to be a superior predator.
Part of Ph. D. Thesis submitted to Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani 431402, India. 相似文献
97.
《Biomarkers》2013,18(7):639-645
Objective:?To provide recommendations for design and analysis of studies using urine specimens to evaluate renal function or mercury excretion in children.Methods:?An analysis of mercury, albumin, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) concentrations was carried out.Results:?Mercury concentration and creatinine-corrected renal markers were higher in daytime compared with overnight samples. Excretion rates increased with urinary flow rate. γ-GT and NAG concentrations decreased with storage time at ?20°C. Differences by age, sex and race were noted.Conclusions:?We recommend use of these creatinine-corrected markers and collection of timed overnight urine samples, stored at ?70°C, with control for urinary flow rate, age, sex and race in statistical models. 相似文献
98.
β-Phenetyl alcohol and procaine hydrochloride are known to alter membrane structure. Their effects on the syntheses of tyramine oxidase and arylsulfatase were studied in Klebsiella aerogenes. β-Phenetyl alcohol inhibited the syntheses of membrane-bound tyramine oxidase and arylsulfatase, located in the periplasm, under non-repressing and derepressing conditions, but did not affect the syntheses of β-galactosidase and histidase, which are located internally. In contrast, procaine hydrochloride stimulated the synthesis of tyramine oxidase and derepressed the synthesis of arylsulfatase, but inhibited non-repressed synthesis of arylsulfatase. Thus, derepressed synthesis of cellular arylsulfatase was affected by the level of tyramine oxidase synthesis. Structural alterations in the cell membrane seem to impair the formation of active-arylsulfatase protein in the periplasmic space. 相似文献
99.
Keigo Gohda 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(5):609-615
In this study, we investigated by linear regression model the SAR data of the 15 HIV-1 protease inhibitors possessing structurally diverse scaffolds. First, a regression model was developed only using the enzyme-inhibitor interaction energy as a term of the model, but did not provide a good correlation with the inhibitory activity (R2 = 0.580 and Q2 = 0.500). Then, we focused on the conformational flexibility of the inhibitors which may represent the diversity of the inhibitors, and added two conformational parameters into the model, respectively: the number of rotatable bonds of ligands (ΔSrot) and the distortion energy of ligands (ΔElig). The regression model by adding ΔElig successfully improved the quality of the model (R2 = 0.771 and Q2 = 0.713) while the model with ΔSrot was unsuccessful. The prediction for a training inhibitor by the ΔElig model also showed good agreement with experimental activity. These results suggest that the conformational flexibility of HIV-1 protease inhibitors directly contributes to the enzyme inhibition. 相似文献
100.
This article examines an important class of information system that serves as the foundation for corporate energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting: energy and carbon management systems (ECMS). Investors, regulators, customers, and employees increasingly demand that organizations provide information about their organizational energy use and GHG emissions. However, there is little transparency about how organizations use ECMS to meet such demands. To shed light on ECMS implementation and application, we collected extensive qualitative interview data from two service‐sector organizations: one that uses a spreadsheet‐based ECMS and another that implemented an ECMS provided by a third‐party vendor. Our analysis of collected data revealed numerous challenges in the areas of business processes, managerial capabilities, data capture and integration, and data quality. Though our study is built on only two organizations and requires confirmation in large‐sample surveys, we provide several recommendations for organizations regarding ECMS. We also provide suggestions for future studies to build on our tentative results. 相似文献