新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病血清S-100B蛋白与NBNA评分动态监测 的临床研究

目的:观察新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy,HIE)血清S-100B蛋白的动态变化规律,探讨其在HIE早期诊断中的价值,以及其浓度变化与病情严重程度及预后的关系。同时研究围产期高危因素以及NBNA评分在HIE发生发展与预后中的作用。方法:30例住院正常新生儿作为对照组,于出生后采血,55例HIE患儿(HIE组)分别于出生后1天、2天、7天采血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验、双抗体夹心法检测。收集并分析两组围产期相关资料。HIE组并于采血同时进行NBNA评分。结果:(1)HIE患儿生后第一天与第二天血清S-100B蛋白浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.05),生后第七天轻度HIE与对照组比较没有统计意义,中、重度HIE与对照组比较有统计学意义。(2)生后第一天与第二天不同病情组HIE患儿NBNA评分相互比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),第七天轻、中和重度患儿NBNA评分<35分的患儿分别占33.3%,47.1%,100%。结论:动态监测HIE患儿血清S-100B蛋白浓度和NBNA评分的变化,对HIE的早期诊断,严重程度的判断以及预后的估计有重要意义。     

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I水平与血脂和冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性研究

目的:探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)患者血清分泌型卷曲蛋白5(SFRP5)、成纤维细胞生长因子21(FGF21)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-I)水平与血脂和冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性。方法:选择2018年6月至2021年6月我院收治的109例CHD患者(CHD组),根据冠心病类型分为稳定型心绞痛组(SAP组,32例),不稳定型心绞痛组(UA组,42例)、急性心肌梗死组(AMI组,35例),根据Gensini积分分为轻度病变组(≤20分,42例)、中度病变组(21~40分,44例)和重度病变组(>40分,23例),另选择同期在我院行冠脉造影检查结果为正常的53例患者为对照组。检测并比较各组血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I、血脂水平,分析血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I与血脂和Gensini积分的相关性。结果:不同类型、不同冠脉病变程度CHD患者的血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I、HDL-C水平均低于对照组,血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I水平的差异比较中,UA组低于SAP组,AMI组又低于UA组,中度病变组低于轻度病变组,重度病变组又低于中度病变组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清TC、LDL-C水平的差异比较中,UA组高于SAP组,AMI组又高于UA组,中度病变组高于轻度病变组,重度病变组又高于中度病变组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而SAP组、UA组、AMI组之间两两比较以及轻度病变组、中度病变组、重度病变组之间两两比较的血清TG、HDL-C水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示:血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I水平与TC、LDL-C、Gensini积分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:CHD患者血清SFRP5、FGF21、IGF-I水平均降低,且与血脂水平增高以及CHD病变程度加重均有关。     

甲状腺功能减退症患者心理健康状况及影响因素分析

目的:研究甲状腺功能减退症患者的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为预防、改善甲减患者心理健康状况提供参考依据。方法:选取2014年1月-2016年1月来我院治疗的226例甲减患者作为甲减组,另从杨浦区多个社区随机抽取同期254例健康者作为健康组,采用SCL-90症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)及一般情况调查问卷对两组研究对象进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析甲减患者的影响因素。结果:两组性别、年龄及职业之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而文化程度、经济收入的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);甲减组患者强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性评分及总分均高于健康组(P0.05);甲减组患者中焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感所占比重较高,分别为30.97%,26.11%,26.11%;与健康组相比,甲减组患者SSRS评分中主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度评分及总分均明显降低(P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示社会支持、文化程度为小学、经济收入30000元/年是甲减患者心理健康的影响因素(P0.05)。结论:甲减患者心理状况较差,存在较严重的焦虑和抑郁情况,在治疗同时应注意健康教育和心理关怀,尤其是对收入低、文化程度低或社会支持程度低的患者,应给予及时的心理治疗,可提高患者的生活质量。     

The relationship between airborne pollen and fungal spore concentrations and seasonal pollen allergy symptoms in Cracow in 1997–1999

The investigation of airborne pollen and fungalspore concentrations was carried out in Cracowbetween 1997–1999. For this study thevolumetric method has been employed (Burkard).At the same time the clinical diagnosis ofpollen allergy in 40 patients was obtained onthe basis of an interview, positive skin pricktests with pollen extracts and increasedspecific IgE level. An increase in seasonalallergy symptoms in all patients occurred fromthe middle of May to the middle of August.Eighty eight percent of the patients (35 out of40) were sensitive to Poaceae pollen and about50% of them were additionally sensitive totree and herb pollen excluding grasses. Forpatients with additional allergy to tree pollenthe seasonal symptoms started at the end ofMarch (Betula) while for patients withadditional allergy to herb pollen it wasextended to the middle of September (Artemisia).Five people out of 40 revealed positive skinreactions to Alternaria spores and anincrease in specific IgE level. Positive skinreaction to Cladosporium spores with noincrease in specific IgE level occurred in 2patients. The increase in seasonal allergysymptoms in people sensitive to Alternariaspores noted in July and August could becaused not only by these spores but also byPoaceae pollen.     

血府逐瘀汤联合四联疗法治疗Hp阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床观察

目的:探究血府逐瘀汤联合四联疗法治疗幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎的效果。方法:回顾性分析2014年5月-2017年12月在我院进行诊治的80例Hp阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的临床资料,按照其入院顺序经随机数字表分为研究组和对照组,每组各40例患者。其中,对照组患者采用四联疗法,研究组患者在对照组基础上联合血府逐瘀汤进行治疗,对比两组患者的Hp转阴率、治疗前后胃黏膜病理积分的变化情况、临床症状积分的变化情况和不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,研究组患者的Hp转阴率[85.0%(34/40)]显著高于对照组[62.5%(25/40)](P0.05)。两组上腹痛、纳差、上腹胀、反酸、嗳气等临床症状积分以及胃黏膜萎缩、肠化、不典型增生等病理积分均显著低于治疗前(P0.05),且研究组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组患者的不良反应发生率[5.0%(2/40)]与对照组[12.5%(5/40)]无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:血府逐瘀汤联合四联疗法治疗Hp阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎的效果显著优于单用四联疗法,其可有效改善患者的病变程度和临床症状,且无明显不良反应产生。     

Merits of Modelling Multivariate Survival Data Using Random Effects Proportional Odds Model

Recently, there has been a great deal of interest in the analysis of multivariate survival data. In most epidemiological studies, survival times of the same cluster are related because of some unobserved risk factors such as the environmental or genetic factors. Therefore, modelling of dependence between events of correlated individuals is required to ensure a correct inference on the effects of treatments or covariates on the survival times. In the past decades, extension of proportional hazards model has been widely considered for modelling multivariate survival data by incorporating a random effect which acts multiplicatively on the hazard function. In this article, we consider the proportional odds model, which is an alternative to the proportional hazards model at which the hazard ratio between individuals converges to unity eventually. This is a reasonable property particularly when the treatment effect fades out gradually and the homogeneity of the population increases over time. The objective of this paper is to assess the influence of the random effect on the within‐subject correlation and the population heterogeneity. We are particularly interested in the properties of the proportional odds model with univariate random effect and correlated random effect. The correlations between survival times are derived explicitly for both choices of mixing distributions and are shown to be independent of the covariates. The time path of the odds function among the survivors are also examined to study the effect of the choice of mixing distribution. Modelling multivariate survival data using a univariate mixing distribution may be inadequate as the random effect not only characterises the dependence of the survival times, but also the conditional heterogeneity among the survivors. A robust estimate for the correlation of the logarithm of the survival times within a cluster is obtained disregarding the choice of the mixing distributions. The sensitivity of the estimate of the regression parameter under a misspecification of the mixing distribution is studied through simulation. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Sample size reestimation by Bayesian prediction

We review a Bayesian predictive approach for interim data monitoring and propose its application to interim sample size reestimation for clinical trials. Based on interim data, this approach predicts how the sample size of a clinical trial needs to be adjusted so as to claim a success at the conclusion of the trial with an expected probability. The method is compared with predictive power and conditional power approaches using clinical trial data. Advantages of this approach over the others are discussed.     

Clock polymorphisms and circadian rhythms phenotypes in a sample of the Brazilian population

A Clock polymorphism T to C situated in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) has been associated with human diurnal preference. At first, Clock 3111C had been reported as a marker for evening preference. However these data are controversial, and data both corroborating and denying them have been reported. This study hypothesizes that differences in Clock genotypes could be observed if extreme morning-type subjects were compared with extreme evening-type subjects, and the T3111C and T257G polymorphisms were studied. The possible relationship between both polymorphisms and delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) was also investigated. An interesting and almost complete linkage disequilibrium between the polymorphisms T257G in the 5' UTR region and the T3111C in the 3' UTR region of the Clock gene is described. Almost always, a G in position 257 corresponds to a C in position 3111, and a T in position 257 corresponds to a T in position 3111. The possibility of an interaction of these two regions in the Clock messenger RNA structure that could affect gene expression was analyzed using computer software. The analyses did not reveal an interaction between those two regions, and it is unlikely that this full allele correspondence affects Clock gene expression. These results show that there is no association between either polymorphism T3111C or T257G in the Clock gene with diurnal preference or delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS). These controversial data could result from the possible effects of latitude and clock genes interaction on circadian phenotypes.