血栓通注射液联合阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者血脂和血液流变学的影响

目的:研究阿托伐他汀片与血栓通注射液联合治疗对脑梗死患者血脂及血液流变学的影响。方法:选取我院从2012年2月到2014年2月收治的急性脑梗死患者100例,分成两组,每组各50例。对照组静脉滴注血栓通注射液,试验组静脉滴注血栓通注射液加口服阿托伐他汀片治疗。14天后观察两个组的治疗效果,并且进行血脂(TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C)、血液流变学(血浆粘度、全血高切粘度、全血低切粘度、全血还原黏度、纤维蛋白原、细胞刚性指数)等指标的检测,以及疗效及不良反应情况。结果:治疗后试验组TC、TG、LDL-C低于对照组,HDL-C高于对照组,且具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,试验组血浆粘度、全血高切粘度、全血低切粘度、全血还原黏度、纤维蛋白原、细胞刚性指数均低于对照组,且具有统计学意义(P0.05)。试验组总有效率为88.0%(44/50),高于对照组的66.0%(33/50)(P0.05)。试验组发生不良反应发生率与对照组比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀片联合血栓通注射液对于脑梗死患者的血脂和血液流变学的影响疗效显著,且具有明显的降脂效果。     

简易注气法测定刺槐木质部导管组织长度

导管组织在木本植物水力学特性及水分关系中的作用逐渐受到关注,但其长度的传统测试装置和方法相对繁琐。本研究在注气法原理基础上进行改进,改进后装置简易、操作便捷。结果表明,本方法可以成功测定刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)导管的长度及相关参数:气体传导耗散系数为0.111±0.012;最大导管长度为56.9±1.5 cm;平均导管长度为19.6±2.5 cm;最大分布导管长度为9.8±1.3 cm。枝条注气方向对测试结果没有明显影响。测试过程中注气端压强变化不明显,对导管长度及相关参数的测定和计算影响不显著。本方法与传统注气法相比具有更高的精确度。     

Quantitative and antioxidative behavior of Trolox in rats’ blood and brain by HPLC‐UV and SMFIA‐CL methods

Trolox, a water‐soluble vitamin E analogue has been used as a positive control in Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assays due to its high antioxidative effect. In this study, the ex vivo antioxidative effects of Trolox and its concentration in blood and brain microdialysates from rat after administration were evaluated by newly established semi‐microflow injection analysis, chemiluminescence detection and HPLC‐UV. In the administration test, the antioxidative effect of Trolox in blood and brain microdialysates after a single administration of 200 mg/kg of Trolox to rats could be monitored. The antioxidative effects in blood (12.0 ± 2.1) and brain (8.4 ± 2.1, × 10³ antioxidative effect % × min) also increased. Additionally, the areas under the curve (AUC)s_0–360 (n = 3) for blood and brain calculated with quantitative data were 10.5 ± 1.2 and 9.7 ± 2.5 mg/mL × min, respectively. This result indicates that Trolox transferability through the blood–brain barrier is high. The increase in the antioxidative effects caused by Trolox in the blood and brain could be confirmed because good correlations between concentration and antioxidative effects (r ≥ 0.702) were obtained. The fact that Trolox can produce an antioxidative effect in rat brain was clarified. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

参麦注射液与布地奈德联合治疗急性酒精中毒伴吸入性肺炎的临床疗效

目的:探讨参麦注射液与布地奈德联合治疗急性酒精中毒伴吸入性肺炎的临床疗效及对肝功能和炎症指标的影响。方法:选择2014年3月至2015年8月在我院接受治疗的120例急性酒精中毒伴吸入性肺炎患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组60例患者,对照组给予布地奈德治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上给予参麦注射液治疗,观察两组患者的临床疗效、症状消失时间、肝功能及血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、IL-6和IL-8炎性细胞因子的变化。结果:治疗组的总有效率为95.00%显著高于对照组的83.00%,差异有统计学意义(X~2=-4.227,P=0.039)。治疗组的哮鸣音、湿罗音、咳嗽和气喘消失时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.005)。治疗组的肝功能ALT、AsT和GGT明显改善,炎性因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平下降明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.005)。结论:参麦注射液与布地奈德联合治疗急性酒精中毒伴吸入性肺炎疗效确切,可以有效缩短患者的症状消失时间,改善肝功能,减轻炎症反应,值得临床推广应用。     

奥扎格雷钠联合川芎嗪注射液对急性脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸、C 反应蛋白及纤维蛋白原水平的影响

目的:探讨奥扎格雷钠联合川芎嗪注射液对急性脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及纤维蛋白原(FIB)的水平的影响。方法:选择我院收治的急性脑梗死患者68例,随机分为实验组与对照组,每组34例。对照组患者给予奥扎格雷钠治疗,实验组患者给予奥扎格雷钠联合使用川芎嗪注射液治疗,观察并比较治疗前后两组患者血清HCY,CRP及FIB的水平以及颈内动脉粥样狭窄程度的变化和临床总有效率。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者血清HCY,CRP及FIB水平均显著降低,颈内动脉粥样硬化情况均好转(P0.05);且与对照组相比,实验组患者血清HCY,CRP及FIB水平较低,颈内动脉粥样硬化情况较轻(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者临床总有效率较高(P0.05)。结论:奥扎格雷钠联合川芎嗪注射液治疗可显著提高急性脑梗死积的临床疗效,并能够降低患者颈内动脉粥样狭窄程度,其机制可能与降低血清HCY,CRP及纤维蛋白原水平有关。     

卡培他滨联合参芪扶正注射液对食管癌术后VEGF表达及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨卡培他滨联合参芪扶正注射液对食管癌术后患者VEGF表达及不良反应发生率和生活质量的影响。方法:选取我院收治的食管癌术后患者90例,根据治疗方案不同分为对照组及实验组,对照组以常规化疗,实验组化疗联合参芪扶正注射液治疗。比较各组患者治疗前后生活质量及血管内皮生长因子VEGF表达水平,治疗后副反应发生率、肝肾功损害变化情况。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后两组躯体、社会及QOL评分、疲乏评分及睡眠水平均降低(P0.05),QOL评分、尿素氮及肌酐均升高(P0.05),治疗后与对照组比较,实验组躯体、社会、睡眠及疲乏评分、生活质量、血象较高(P0.05),实验组消化道反应、脱发时间较短,肌酐及尿素氮水平及VEGF水平较低(P0.05)。结论:卡培他滨联合参芪扶正注射液可减轻化疗对患者体质、睡眠、社会功能、生活质量等水平的影响,保护肝肾功能,减轻脱发、恶心呕吐等副反应症状,降低VEGF水平,临床疗效优于传统方案,可作为临床有效治疗方案。     

苦参注射液与恩度联合顺铂对肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者血清炎症因子水平的影响

目的:探讨苦参注射液与恩度分别联合顺铂对肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者血清炎症因子水平影响。方法:收集我院以非小细胞肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者68例,按照就诊先后顺序分为实验组和对照组。对照组予恩度联合顺铂化疗,实验组予苦参注射液联合顺铂化疗。于患者治疗前后进行CD8~+、IL-2检测,KPS评分,并进行生活质量评价及胸腔积液疗效评价比较,以及药物不良反应评价。结果:1治疗后实验组CD8~+下降、IL-2均上升(P0.05);2治疗后实验组KPS评分较对照组明显上升(P0.05);3实验组患者生活质量评价明显好于对照组,胸腔积液疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:苦参注射液联合顺铂较恩度联合顺铂对肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液患者CD8~+T淋巴细胞及IL-2水平有更明显调节作用,且安全性更佳,对肺癌合并恶性胸腔积有显著临床疗效,对提高患者生活质量、延长患者生存期有重要意义。     

Formulation and antifungal performance of natamycin-loaded liposomal suspensions: the benefits of sterol-enrichment

The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate food-grade liposomal delivery systems for the antifungal compound natamycin. Liposomes made of various soybean lecithins are prepared by solvent injection, leading to small unilamellar vesicles (<130?nm) with controlled polydispersity, able to encapsulate natamycin without significant modification of their size characteristics. Presence of charged phospholipids and reduced content of phosphatidylcholine in the lecithin mixture are found to be beneficial for natamycin encapsulation, indicating electrostatic interactions of the preservative with the polar head of the phospholipids. The chemical instability of natamycin upon storage in these formulations is however significant and proves that uncontrolled leakage out of the liposomes occurs. Efficient prevention of natamycin degradation is obtained by incorporation of sterols (cholesterol, ergosterol) in the lipid mixture and is linked to higher entrapment levels and reduced permeability of the phospholipid membrane provided by the ordering effect of sterols. Comparable action of ergosterol is observed at concentrations 2.5-fold lower than cholesterol and attributed to a preferential interaction of natamycin–ergosterol as well as a higher control of membrane permeability. Fine-tuning of sterol concentration allows preparation of liposomal suspensions presenting modulated in vitro release kinetics rates and enhanced antifungal activity against the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.     

复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒辅助治疗痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎的临床效果观察

目的:评价复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒治疗活动期类风湿关节炎痰瘀互结证的临床有效性和安全性。方法:选择2013年2月～2015年5月在上海光华中西医结合医院类风关内科门诊及住院的活动性痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎患者63例,按治疗方式分为对照组33例和中西医结合治疗组30例,对照组采用西医治疗(甲氨蝶呤+青霉胺),治疗组采用中西医结合治疗(复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒+甲氨蝶呤+青霉胺)。治疗12周后,比较两组患者的临床疗效及各项观察指标的改善情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者晨僵持续时间、关节肿胀数、关节压痛数、中医症候积分、血沉(ESR)、血清CRP水平,疼痛VAS评分、患者总体状态自我VAS评分及DAS28评分均较治疗前显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者的上述各项指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗期间,两组患者均未出现严重不良反应而中断治疗的情况,监测肝肾功能指标均未发现明显异常。结论:复方雷公藤逐痛颗粒辅助治疗痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎的临床疗效确切,明显优于单用西医治疗,其有助于增强西医治疗对患者临床症状的缓解效果,提高患者的生活质量,且用药安全。     

生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全的临床疗效分析

目的:研究生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年3月至2017年3月我院收治的100例缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全患者,按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=50)和对照组(n=50)。对照组采用曲美他嗪治疗,观察组采用生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗。观察和比较两组的治疗疗效、治疗前后心功能指标(左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩末径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD))、肾功能指标(血肌酐(Scr),尿素氮(BUN))、心肌损伤标志物(血清胱抑素(Cys C)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、脑钠肽(BNP))水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[92.30%(48/52) vs.70.83%(34/48)](P0.05),LVEDD、LVESD水平均显著低于对照组[(51.21±8.54)mm vs.(56.63±10.83)mm,(42.91±6.30)mm vs.(45.86±7.32)mm](P0.05),LVEF水平均显著高于对照组[(46.02±7.85)%vs.(41.20±8.84)%](P0.05),Scr、BUN水平均显著低于对照组[(164.30±17.95)μmol/L vs.(211.75±19.31)μmol/L;(8.12±0.76)mmol/L vs.(11.74±1.72)mmol/L](P0.05)。血清Cys C、HCY、NT-Pro BNP水平均显著低于对照组[(0.90±0.21)mg/L vs 1.52±0.34)mg/L (12.34±3.89)μmol/L vs.(20.86±5.28)μmol/L,(298.47±78.41)ng/L vs.(402.35±92.76)ng/L](P0.05)。结论:生脉注射液联合曲美他嗪治疗缺血性心肌病合并肾功能不全的的临床疗效显著优于单用曲美他嗪治疗,其可有效改善患者心、肾功能,减轻心肌细胞损伤。