参芎葡萄糖注射液联合脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗塞的疗效及对神经功能缺损和血液流变学的影响

目的:探析参芎葡萄糖注射液与脑蛋白水解物联合治疗急性脑梗塞患者的临床疗效和对神经功能、血液流变学的影响。方法:入选急性脑梗患者130例,随机分为两组各65例。对照组在常规治疗基础上使用脑蛋白水解物治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上不仅使用脑蛋白水解物,还加用参芎葡萄糖注射液治疗,比较两组患者的临床效果、神经功能缺损评分改变和血液流变学情况。结果:治疗组有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);神经功能缺损评分治疗后均有下降,但治疗组下降幅度更大(P0.05);治疗组红细胞压积、血小板聚集率和纤维蛋白原均显著下降(P0.05),且同期相比,治疗组纤维蛋白原和红细胞压积下降幅度显著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:参芎葡萄糖注射液与脑蛋白水解物联合治疗急性脑梗塞患者疗效确切,安全可靠,值得临床推广。     

低分子肝素联合丹参注射液治疗急性心肌梗死的临床研究

目的:观察低分子肝素联合丹参注射液治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法:按照随机原则将78例急性心肌梗死患者分成两组,在常规溶栓治疗的基础上,其中对照组39人采用低分子肝素治疗,治疗组患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予丹参注射液治疗,对两组临床费用、住院时间和冠脉再通进行评价。结果:治疗组的临床费用、住院时间和冠脉再通与对照组相比,有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:低分子肝素联合丹参注射液治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效确切,值得临床推广。     

不同效应室浓度舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚对Narcotrend的影响

目的:探讨靶控输注不同效应室浓度的舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚对Narcotrend指数(NI)的影响。方法:选择60例全麻患者,年龄40-60岁,体重指数30 kg/m2,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为4组(n=15):舒芬太尼效应室靶控浓度0.1 ng/m L(A组)、0.2 ng/m L(B组)、0.3 ng/m L(C组)、0.4 ng/m L(D组);各组舒芬太尼达效应室靶浓度5 min后给予丙泊酚1 mg/kg。记录实验过程中的血压、心率、血氧饱和度及NI。所有患者在实验结束后,均调整至适宜的麻醉深度,给与阿曲库胺,进行气管插管。结果:靶控输注舒芬太尼使各组的NI有不同程度的降低,随着靶控浓度的增加,降低幅度增大;单纯靶控输注舒芬太尼时,其效应室浓度与NI呈负相关,相关系数为-0.456。结论:舒芬太尼能降低NI,舒芬太尼效应室浓度与NI呈负相关。而舒芬太尼效应室浓度0.4 ng/m L复合丙泊酚后,NI反而呈短暂的上升,随后下降的现象。     

Flow‐injection chemiluminescence method to detect a β2 adrenergic agonist

A new method for the detection of β₂ adrenergic agonists was developed based on the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of β₂ adrenergic agonist with potassium ferricyanide–luminol CL. The effect of β₂ adrenergic agonists including isoprenaline hydrochloride, salbutamol sulfate, terbutaline sulfate and ractopamine on the CL intensity of potassium ferricyanide–luminol was discovered. Detection of the β₂ adrenergic agonist was carried out in a flow system. Using uniform design experimentation, the influence factors of CL were optimized. The optimal experimental conditions were 1 mmol/L of potassium ferricyanide, 10 µmol/L of luminol, 1.2 mmol/L of sodium hydroxide, a flow speed of 2.6 mL/min and a distance of 1.2 cm from ‘Y₂’ to the flow cell. The linear ranges and limit of detection were 10–100 and 5 ng/mL for isoprenaline hydrochloride, 20–100 and 5 ng/mL for salbutamol sulfate, 8–200 and 1 ng/mL for terbutaline sulfate, 20–100 and 4 ng/mL for ractopamine, respectively. The proposed method allowed 200 injections/h with excellent repeatability and precision. It was successfully applied to the determination of three β₂ adrenergic agonists in commercial pharmaceutical formulations with recoveries in the range of 96.8–98.5%. The possible CL reaction mechanism of potassium ferricyanide–luminol–β₂ adrenergic agonist was discussed from the UV/vis spectra. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Utility of gold nanoparticles in luminescence determination of trovafloxacin: comparison of chemiluminescence and fluorescence detection

Two novel sensitive sequential injection chemiluminescence analysis and fluorescence methods for trovafloxacin mesylate detection have been developed. The methods were based on the enhancement effect of gold nanoparticles on luminol–ferricyanide–trovafloxacin and europium(III)–trovafloxacin complex systems. The optimum conditions for both detection methods were investigated. The chemiluminescence signal was emitted due to the enhanced effect of gold nanoparticles on the reaction of luminol–ferricyanide–trovafloxacin in an alkaline medium. The response was linear over a concentration range of 1.0 × 10^–9 to 1.0 × 10^–2 mol/L (%RSD = 1.3), (n = 9, r = 0.9991) with a detection limit of 1.7 × 10^–10 mol/L (S/N = 3). The weak fluorescence intensity signal of the oxidation complex of europium(III)–trovafloxacin was strongly enhanced by gold nanoparticles and detected at λ_ex = 330 and λ_em = 540 nm. Fluorescence detection enabled the determination of trovafloxacin mesylate over a linear range of 1.0 × 10^–8 to 1.0 × 10^–3 mol/L (%RSD = 1.2), (n = 6, r = 0.9993) with a detection limit of 3.3 × 10^–9 mol/L. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of the studied drug in its bulk form and in pharmaceutical preparations. The results were treated statistically and compared with those obtained from other reported methods. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Human Dupuytren's Ex Vivo Culture for the Study of Myofibroblasts and Extracellular Matrix Interactions

Organ fibrosis or “scarring” is known to account for a high death toll due to the extensive amount of disorders and organs affected (from cirrhosis to cardiovascular diseases). There is no effective treatment and the in vitro tools available do not mimic the in vivo situation rendering the progress of the out of control wound healing process still enigmatic.To date, 2D and 3D cultures of fibroblasts derived from DD patients are the main experimental models available. Primary cell cultures have many limitations; the fibroblasts derived from DD are altered by the culture conditions, lack cellular context and interactions, which are crucial for the development of fibrosis and weakly represent the derived tissue. Real-time PCR analysis of fibroblasts derived from control and DD samples show that little difference is detectable. 3D cultures of fibroblasts include addition of extracellular matrix that alters the native conditions of these cells. As a way to characterize the fibrotic, proliferative properties of these resection specimens we have developed a 3D culture system, using intact human resections of the nodule part of the cord. The system is based on transwell plates with an attached nitrocellulose membrane that allows contact of the tissue with the medium but not with the plastic, thus, preventing the alteration of the tissue. No collagen gel or other extracellular matrix protein substrate is required. The tissue resection specimens maintain their viability and proliferative properties for 7 days. This is the first “organ” culture system that allows human resection specimens from DD patients to be grown ex vivo and functionally tested, recapitulating the in vivo situation.     

Determination of ethyl glucuronide in hair samples of Chinese people by protein precipitation (PPT) and large volume injection-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LVI-GC/MS/MS)

Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) has been shown to be a suitable marker of excessive alcohol consumption. Determination of EtG in hair samples may help to differentiate social drinkers from alcoholics, and this testing can be widely used in forensic science, treatment programs, workplaces, military bases as well as driving ability test to provide legal proof of drinking. A method for determination of EtG in hair samples using large volume injection-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LVI-GC/MS/MS) was developed and validated. Hair samples (in 1 mL deionized water) were ultrasonicated for 1h and incubated overnight; these samples were then deproteinated to remove impurities and derivatisated with 15 μL of pyridine and 30 μL of BSTFA. EtG was detected using GC/MS/MS in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. This method exhibited good linearity: y=0.0036 x+0.0437, R2=0.9993, the limit of detection and the limit of quantification were 5 pg/mg and 10 pg/mg, respectively. The extraction recoveries were more than 60%, and the inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 15%. This method has been applied to the analysis of EtG in hair samples from 21 Chinese subjects. The results for samples obtained from all of those who were teetotallers were negative, and the results for the other 15 samples ranged from 10 to 78 pg/mg, except for one negative sample. These data are the basis for interpretation of alcohol abuse.     

Integrated microfluidic magnetic immunosensor for quantification of human serum IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori

In this paper, we have developed and characterized a microfluidic magnetic immunosensor coupled to a gold electrode for the rapid and sensitive quantification of human serum IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori. This microorganism cause peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis, affecting around the 10% of the world population. The sensor was completely automated and the antibodies detection in serum samples was carried out using a non-competitive immunoassay based on the use of purified H. pylori antigens that are immobilized on magnetic microspheres 3-aminopropyl-modified. The magnetic microbeads were injected into microchannel devices and manipulated for an external removable magnet. The IgG antibodies in human serum sample are allowed to react immunologically with the immobilized antigens, and the bounded antibodies are quantified by alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzyme-labeled second antibodies specific to human IgG. The p-aminophenyl phosphate (p-APP) was converted to p-aminophenol (p-AP) by AP and an electroactive product was detected on gold layer electrode at 0.250 V. The response current obtained from the product of enzymatic reaction is directly proportional to the activity of the enzyme and, consequently, to the amount of IgG antibodies to H. pylori in serum samples. The electrochemical detection can be done within 1 min and total assay time was 25 min. The calculated detection limits for electrochemical detection and the ELISA procedure were 0.37 and 2.1 U mL⁻¹, respectively, and the within- and between-assay coefficients of variation were below 5%. Our results indicate the potential usefulness of our fabricated microbiochip for the early assessment of human serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to H. pylori.     

IGF1在脑缺血大鼠脑组织中的表达与通络救脑注射液的脑保护作用

目的:观察脑缺血模型大鼠血清及脑组织中IGF1蛋白表达水平,以及通络救脑注射液对该因子表达水平的影响,分析通络救脑注射液的脑保护作用途径。方法:以线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉缺血模型(MCAO),将SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组及通络救脑注射药组,分别在造模后12小时、24小时、3天、7天4个时间点采取动物血清和脑组织,以免疫组化、酶联免疫(ELISA)以及RTPCR的方法,分别检测IGF1的表达部位及定量检测该因子的蛋白及mRNA表达水平,并测定血清NSE含量。结果:IGF1在正常脑组织有表达,在脑缺血后24小时表达增多,此后随脑缺血时间的延长不断减少;通络救脑组IGF1各时间点表达均高于模型组。模型组血清NSE水平显著升高,各时间点与正常组均有显著差异,通络救脑注射液组血清NSE水平在12小时、1天和7天时显著低于模型组。结论:大鼠脑缺血损伤后IGF1表达减少与神经元的坏死有相关性,通络救脑注射液能够提高其表达水平,对缺血损伤的脑组织发挥保护作用。     

Determination of rutin by flow injection chemiluminescence method using the reaction of luminol and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) with the aid of response surface methodology

A novel flow injection chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of rutin was reported. The proposed method was based on the enhanced effect of rutin on the chemiluminescence intensity of luminol and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) reaction in NaOH medium. The variables of reaction system, such as luminol concentration, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) concentration and NaOH concentration, were optimized with the aid of response surface methodology. For the responses prediction, a second‐order polynomial model (SOPM) was applied. The optimal conditions for determination of rutin estimated by the model equation were as follows: NaOH concentration of 0.13 mol/L luminol concentration of 0.94 × 10^?6 mol/L, and K₃Fe(CN)₆ concentration of 1.09 × 10^?4 mol/L. The theoretical increased ratio of CL intensity (IRI) predicted and actual IRI for 0.05 mg/L rutin under the above conditions were 99.40 and 99.74%, respectively. The SOPM model proved to be powerful for navigating the design space. Under the above optimum conditions, the increased IRI was linearly related to the concentration of rutin in the range from 0.008 to 0.100 mg/L with the regression equation IRI = 1948.20c + 5.24 (r = 0.9994) and in the range from 0.100 to 1.000 mg/L with the regression equation IRI = 1362.50 c + 61.94 (r = 0.9996). The detection limit (3σ) was of 1.95 × 10^?3 mg/L. The sampling frequency of this method was 72/h. The method was used directly to determine rutin in tablets. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.