The relationships of 8 tribes of the compositae as suggested by plastocyanin amino acid sequence data

Partial amino acid sequences of the plastocyanins from 22 members of 8 tribes of the Compositae are separated by ancestral amino acid sequence methods into 3 groups. These groups agree generally with those of previous classifications of the species from which the plastocyanins were obtained, based mainly on morphological characters, although closer relationships between the Cichorieae and Cynareae, between the Heliantheae, Senecioneae and Calenduleae and between the Astereae and Inuleae are suggested by the sequence data.     

Okanin 4′-O-diglucoside from Coreopsis petrophiloides and comments on anthochlors and evolution in Coreopsis

A new chalcone glycoside, okanin 4′-O-diglucoside, is identified from the ray florets of Coreopsis petrophiloides. The known distribution of anthochlors in Coreopsis indicates that two of the most primitive sections produce in their floral parts complex glucosides of butein (and sulfuretin). The more advanced sections synthesize the monoglucosides of okanin (marein), butein (coreospin) and lanceoletin (lanceolin) and their corresponding aurones. The co-occurrence of marein and lanceolin is thus far restricted to members of sect. Coreopsis.     

Trichoclin,a new furocoumarin from trichocline incana

The structure for trichoclin, (E)-8-(3-methyl-4-hydroxy-2-butenyloxy)-psoralen, a new furocoumarin isolated from Trichocline incana, has been established. Phellopterin and isopimpinellin were also obtained. The new side chain of trichoclin was confirmed by synthesis.     

中国盘霜霉属在菊科植物上的分类单元

本文讨论了菊科植物上盘霜霉属Bremia的分类问题。根据专性寄生菌种的划分,在以形态特征为基础的同时,结合考虑寄生专化性或寄主范围的观点,我们提出菊科植物上Bremia的种的寄主限制在菊科“族”的范围内。对中国的菊科植物上Bremia属的已知种及变种列出了检索表,还报告了一个新种及一新组合,它们是兔苣盘霜霉(B.lagoseridis sp.nov.),寄生于兔苣(Lagoseris sanctae),和蓟盘霜霉(B.cirsii comb.nov.),寄生于蓟属(Cirsium spp.),标本保存于四川农业大学真菌实验室及中国科学院微生物所标本室。     

Incorporation of free fatty acids into acylthioesters and lipids of developing sunflower seeds

The synthesis of lipids from radioactive fatty acids in developing sunflower seeds has been examined. Lauric, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids were us     

Hirsutinolides from Vernonia species

Out of the nineteen species of Vernonia studied, five contained highly oxygenated sesquiterpene lactones, while the rest contained predominantly triterpenes, especially lupane derivatives.     

ATP synthesis in lettuce seeds during ripening

During the ripening of lettuce seeds, ATP, AMP + ADP, and moisture decrease to very low levels, and the ability to produce ATP from AMP + PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) and the PEP-carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.38) activity is diminished. Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) and pyruvate kinase (PK) (EC 2.7.1.40) decreased up to 10 days after anthesis, after which a sharp increase occurred.     

Steroid hormone effects on growth and apical dominance of sunflower

External application of estradiol-17β increased shoot growth but decreased root growth of sunflower seedlings. It completely inhibited cotyledonary axillary bud development in decapitated plants at the concentration of 1 μg/plant. Concentrations lower than this promoted cotyledonary axillary bud formation. Testosterone on the other hand inhibited both shoot and root growth and promoted cotyledonary axillary bud formation at all the concentrations used. Progesterone at high (0.25,μg/plant) concentration promoted shoot growth but inhibited root growth. A low concentration (0.1 μg/plant) of progesterone produced the opposite effect.     

Lipid synthesis in germinating safflower seeds and protoplasts

Galactolipids and phospholipids rapidly accumulated in a whole seed between 2 and 4 days after germination. However, the rate of incorporation of [¹⁴C] acetate into galactolipids was very low. The predominant fatty acid of galactolipids was linolenic acid, while those of phospholipids were linoleic and palmitic acids. Fatty acids of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol in germinating safflower seeds were randomly distributed between the 1 - and 2-positions of the glycerol molecule and the distribution in digalactosyldiacylglycerol was slightly non-random, while fatty acids of galactolipids in mature safflower leaves were non-randomly distributed. Triacylglycerol was synthesized in the cotyledon tissue of the germinating seeds simultaneously with its rapid degradation. In addition, lipid biosynthesis in protoplasts is described.     

Two sesquiterpene lactones with an additional propiolactone ring from Disynaphia halimifolia

The investigation of D. halimifolia afrorded a new glaucolide and two sesquiterpene lactones with an additional propiolactone ring, one elemanolide and one modified germacranolide with an additional ring. Furthermore, two tremetone derivatives were present, a hydroxy-geranylgeraniol, also present in a Kingianthus species, and several known compounds.