人体肠道益生菌体外降胆固醇活性研究

从健康儿童和青年人肠道分离并鉴定了21株乳杆菌和双歧杆菌,连同6株实验室保藏菌株进行了体外降胆固醇、耐酸及耐胆汁盐实验。结果表明,所有实验菌株都能从培养基中去除胆固醇,5株去除率可达40%以上,同时去除效力也较高。胆汁盐耐受性和耐酸性具有菌株特异性。菌株Bm26同时具有较高降胆固醇能力和耐胆汁盐及耐酸性能。     

Does Seed Priming Induce Changes in the Levels of Some Endogenous Plant Hormones in Hexaploid Wheat Plants Under Salt Stress？

In order to assess whether salt tolerance could be Improved In spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, the present study was performed by soaking the seeds of two cultlvars, namely MH-97 （salt sensitive） and Inqlab-91 （salt tolerant）, for 12 h In distilled water or 100 mol/m^3 CaCl2, KCI, or NaCI. Primed seeds from each treatment group and non-primed seeds were sown In a field In which NaCI salinity of 15 dS/m was developed. Priming of seeds with CaCl2, followed by priming with KCI and NaCI, was found to be effective In alleviating the adverse effects of salt stress on both wheat cultivars In terms of shoot fresh and dry weights and grain yield. Priming with CaCl2 alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress on hormonal balance In plants of both cultlvars. In MH-97 plants, CaCl2 pretreatment considerably reduced leaf absclslc acid （ABA） concentrations and Increased leaf free salicylic acid （SA） concentrations under both saline and non-saline conditions. In contrast, In the Inqlab-91 plant, CaCl2 Increased free Indoleacetic acid （IAA） and indolebutyrlc acid （IBA） content. However, priming of seeds with CaCl2 did not alter free polyamlne levels in either cultlvar, although spermldlne levels were considerably lower In plants raised from seeds treated with CaCl2 for both cultlvars under saline conditions. Priming with KCI Increased growth In Inqlab-91 plants, but not In MH-97 plants, under saline conditions. The salinity Induced reducUon In auxins （IAA and IBA） was alleviated by NaCI priming In both cultlvars under saline conditions. However, NaCI Increased leaf free ABA content and lowered leaf SA and putresclne levels In Inqlab-91 plants under saline conditions. In conclusion, although all three priming agents （I.e. CaCl2, KCI, and NaCI） were effective In alleviating the adverse effects of salt stress on wheat plants, their effects on altering the levels of different plant hormones were different In the two cuItlvars.     

含氟复合体充填材料充填根面龋对局部菌群变化的影响研究

目的观察根面龋充填后细菌分布变化,以及不同充填材料与主要致龋菌比例变化之间的关系。方法选择根面龋患者60例,采自身前后对照设计,采用细菌分离鉴定及菌落形成单位记数的检测方法,以充填前患牙龈沟菌丛为基线,追踪观察牙体复合体充填和银汞合金充填后即刻、1个月、6个月充填体周围1 mm范围内菌丛变化情况。结果根面龋充填后即刻充填体周围菌斑中的数量与种类显著减少,且放线菌、乳酸杆菌和变形链球菌3种菌落数量降低和占总菌落的百分率下降(P<0.01);根面龋充填后1个月细菌数量仍低于充填前水平,差异有显著性(P<0.05);且复合体组3种主要致龋菌落占总菌落的百分率低于银汞合金充填组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);根面龋充填后6个月细菌丛与充填前差异无显著性(P>0.05)。不同充填材料组3种菌落占总菌落的百分率无明显变化,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论无论采用何种材料,根面龋充填本身可改善菌斑的微生态环境,复合体充填根面龋后短期内可以有效地抑制充填体龋洞周围菌斑中主要致龋菌的比例。     

切开复位锁定钢板内固定术与半肩关节置换术治疗复杂肱骨近端骨折疗效比较的回顾性分析

摘要 目的：对比半肩关节置换术、切开复位锁定钢板内固定术两种术式治疗复杂肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法：回顾性分析2019年3月~2021年3月期间四川省人民医院收治的92例复杂肱骨近端骨折患者的临床资料。根据手术方案,将92例患者区分为A组（n=44,切开复位锁定钢板内固定术治疗）和B组（n=48,半肩关节置换术治疗）。对比两组围术期指标、疼痛和肩关节功能相关评分、血清应激因子水平及术后并发症发生率。结果：两组手术时间、术中出血量组间对比未见统计学差异（P>0.05）。术后6个月,两组Constant-Murley评分、Neer评分均升高,视觉疼痛模拟评分（VAS）评分均下降（P<0.05）,但两组上述评分组间对比无统计学差异（P>0.05）。术后7 d,两组皮质醇（Cor）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素（E）水平均升高,但B组上述指标水平均低于A组（P<0.05）。B组的术后并发症发生率低于A组（P<0.05）。结论：半肩关节置换术治疗复杂肱骨近端骨折,可获得与切开复位锁定钢板内固定术治疗大致相当的临床疗效,但半肩关节置换术术后应激反应更小,并发症发生率更低,具有一定优势。     

Restriction mapping of a chlorobenzoate degradative plasmid and molecular cloning of the degradative genes

The genes for the degradation of 3-chlorobenzoic acid ( 3Cba ) are present in a 110-kb plasmid pAC27 . A circular map is established using the restriction endonucleases EcoRI, HindIII and Bg/II. The map is derived from the results obtained by partial restriction digestion, complete single and double restriction digestion and finally confirmed with hybridization of the digested fragments using different purified fragments as probes. The 3Cba degradative genes are found to be clustered in one region of the map (EcoRI fragment A) as judged by molecular cloning with a broad host range vector pLAFRI . A portion of the 3Cba degradative gene cluster appears to undergo ready recombination with the chromosome, even in a recA host, suggesting the probable transposable nature of such gene cluster.     

假单胞菌合成聚合物和复杂化合物的种类及机理研究进展

假单胞菌合成的代谢产物种类繁多。本文对假单胞菌合成的具有产业化前景或已实现产业化的藻酸盐、维生素B12、环状脂肽、吩嗪、单乙酰基间苯三酚、2,4-二乙酰基间苯三酚、鼠李糖脂以及聚羟基脂肪酸酯等六类复杂化合物或聚合物以及它们合成机制的研究进展进行综述,并就上述物质合成研究的发展方向进行展望。     

Role of Inositol Trisphosphate Receptors in Autophagy in DT40 Cells

Previous studies have shown that small interfering RNA knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP₃Rs) stimulate autophagy. We have investigated autophagy in chicken DT40 cell lines containing targeted deletions of all three IP₃R isoforms (triple knock-out (TKO) cells). Using gel shifts of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 as a marker of autophagy, we find that TKO cells have enhanced basal autophagic flux even under nutrient-replete conditions. Stable DT40 cell lines derived from TKO cells containing the functionally inactive D2550A IP₃R mutant did not suppress autophagy in the same manner as wild-type receptors. This suggests that the channel function of the receptor is important in its regulatory role in autophagy. There were no marked differences in the phosphorylation state of AMP-activated protein kinase, Akt, or mammalian target of rapamycin between wild-type and TKO cells. The amount of immunoprecipitated complexes of Bcl-2-Beclin-1 and Beclin-1-Vps34 were also not different between the two cell lines. The major difference noted was a substantially decreased mTORC1 kinase activity in TKO cells based on decreased phosphorylation of S6 kinase and 4E-BP1. The discharge of intracellular stores with thapsigargin stimulated mTORC1 activity (measured as S6 kinase phosphorylation) to a greater extent in wild-type than in TKO cells. We suggest that basal autophagic flux may be negatively regulated by IP₃R-dependent Ca²⁺ signals acting to maintain an elevated mTORC1 activity in wild-type cells and that Ca²⁺ regulation of this enzyme is defective in TKO cells. The protective effect of a higher autophagic flux in cells lacking IP₃Rs may play a role in the delayed apoptotic response observed in these cells.     

Characterization of a new maleimido functionalization of gold for surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy

Para‐maleimidophenyl (p‐MP) modified gold surfaces have been prepared by one‐step electrochemical deposition and used in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies. Therefore, a FITC mimotope peptide (MP1, 12 aa), a human mucin 1 epitope peptide (MUC, 9 aa) and a protein with their specific antibodies were used as model systems. The peptides were modified with an N‐terminal cysteine for covalent and directed coupling to the maleimido functionalized surface by means of Michael addition. The coupling yield of the peptide, the binding characteristics of antibody and the unspecific adsorption of the analytes were investigated. The results expand the spectrum of biosensors usable with p‐MP by widely used SPR and support its potential to be versatile for several electrochemical and optical biosensors. This allows the combination of an electrochemical and optical read‐out for a broad variety of biomolecular interactions on the same chip. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Organizational Interplay of Golgi N-Glycosyltransferases Involves Organelle Microenvironment-Dependent Transitions between Enzyme Homo- and Heteromers

Glycosylation of proteins and lipids takes place in the Golgi apparatus by the consecutive actions of functionally distinct glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. Current evidence indicates that they function as enzyme homomers and/or heteromers in the living cell. Here we investigate their organizational interplay and show that glycosyltransferase homomers are assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum. Upon transport to the Golgi, the majority of homomers are disassembled to allow the formation of enzyme heteromers between sequentially acting medial-Golgi enzymes GnT-I and GnT-II or trans-Golgi enzymes GalT-I and ST6Gal-I. This transition is driven by the acidic Golgi environment, as it was markedly inhibited by raising Golgi luminal pH with chloroquine. Our FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) measurements showed that the complexes remain mobile Golgi membrane constituents that can relocate to the endoplasmic reticulum or to the scattered Golgi mini-stacks upon brefeldin A or nocodazole treatment, respectively. During this relocation, heteromers undergo a reverse transition back to enzyme homomers. These data unveil an unprecedented organizational interplay between Golgi N-glycosyltransferases that involves dynamic and organelle microenvironment-driven transitions between enzyme homomers and heteromers during their trafficking within the early secretory compartments.