普外科中整体护理的应用效果研究

目的：观察在普外科护理的过程中应用整体护理方法的临床效果。方法：选取我院2013 年8 月-2014 年8 月普外科收治的 68 例患者作为研究对象,根据护理方式不同将其分为治疗组和对照组各34 例。对照组采取常规护理,治疗组在常规护理的基础 上采取整体护理,分析两组患者的护理效果。结果：治疗组有效率为94.12%,高于对照组的79.41%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 治疗组并发症发生率为5.88%,显著低于对照组的23.53%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组护理总体满意度为100%,显著高 于对照组的85.29%,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：在普外科的临床护理过程中,采用整体护理的方法,可以有效提高护理 效果,降低并发症发生率,提高患者护理满意度,值得临床推广。     

The ontogeny of nursing in Babyrousa babyrussa and a comparison with domestic pigs

The nursing behavior of eight babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) infants was studied. Four were from single births and four were from twin births. The age at weaning, the time of day and number of nursing bouts per day, the mean duration of nursing bouts, and whether the offspring or the dam ended nursing bouts were all examined. It was found that although twins are weaned earlier than single offspring, there were no other statistically significant differences in nursing behavior of single and twin offspring. The ontogeny of nursing behavior in this species is described and some comparisons are made between the nursing behavior of babirusa and nursing in the domestic pig (Sus scrofa) and selected suids. Babirusa dams take longer to wean their offspring, allow them to nurse longer, and end nursing bouts less often than domestic pigs. The differences in behavior between babirusa and domestic pig nursing behavior may be related to differences in the number of offspring produced by the two species and the amount of parental investment in each offspring. Zoo Biol 19:253–262, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Milk composition reflects pattern of material care in prosimian primates

Hypothesized relationships between milk composition and life history traits were examined by analyzing mid-lactation milks of seven lemurs (Eulemur fulvus, E. macaco, E. rubriventer, E. mongoz, Varecia variegata, Hapalemur griseus, Lemur catta), three bushbabies (Otolemur crassicaudatus, O. garnettii, Galago moholi), and two lorises (Nycticebus coucang, Loris tardigradus); partial data were also obtained for the lemuroid Cheirogaleus medius. There were significant differences in milk composition among species within either Eulemur or Otolemur, but the four genera for which multiple samples were available (Eulemur, Varecia, Otolemur, and Nycticebus) exhibited large composition differences. Eulemur milk was, on average, very dilute (9.9% dry matter) and low in energy (0.49 kcal/g). These milks contained 0.9% fat, 1.2% protein, and 8.4% carbohydrate on a fresh weight basis. Protein energy comprised only about 15% of total milk energy. Varecia had significantly higher dry matter (13.5%), fat (3.2%), protein (4.2%), gross energy (0.80 kcal/g), and protein energy: total energy ratio (28%) than Eulemur. Milks of the lorisoid genera Otolemur and Nycticebus were very similar, and both had significantly higher dry matter (18.3, 16.3%), fat (7.6, 7.0%), and gross energy concentration (1.27, 1.13 kcal/g) than either lemuroid genus. Otolemur milk was higher in protein than Nycticebus milk. We conclude that lorises, bushbabies, and perhaps cheirogaleids produce relatively rich, energy-dense milks in comparison with anthropoid primates. However, dilute milks appear to be uniformly found among species of Eulemur and perhaps in Lemur catta. The milk of Varecia (and perhaps Hapalemur) is intermediate in composition. Differences in milk composition among prosimians may be related to differences in maternal care: prosimians that carry their young during lactation produce more dilute milks than do species which leave their young unattended for prolonged periods. When looking at primates as a whole, however, the picture is somewhat less clear, since the milks of some “parkers” like Varecia do closely resemble those of large anthropoid primates who carry their young. Am. J. Primatol. 41:195–211, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

育幼经历对圈养成年雌性大熊猫尿液皮质醇含量的影响

为研究育幼期不同的育幼方式对圈养成年雌性大熊猫Ailuropoda melanoleuca福利状况的影响情况,了解圈养育幼模式可能引发成年雌性大熊猫的应激问题,完善育幼期大熊猫的饲养管理和兽舍参数设计,提高育幼过程中圈养大熊猫福利状况,选择成都大熊猫繁育研究基地育幼期采取不同育幼方式管理的成年雌性大熊猫为研究对象,利用...     

我国护理人员绩效考核的发展研究

目的 了解我国护理人员绩效考核的现状及其发展趋势,分析目前我国护理人员绩效考核体系的结构,为建立完善、有效的护理人员考核体系提供思路。 方法 检索中文数据库中核心期刊上公开发表的关于护理人员绩效考核的论文,对其进行描述性和半定量分析。 结果 我国护理人员的绩效考核经历了从经验性介绍到应用性研究的过程,研究方法逐渐由描述性向方法学研究发展。结论 目前国内关于护理人员考核体系的种类较多,缺乏统一的标准,考核结果在全国范围内缺乏可比性。

     

糖尿病患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的整体护理

目的:探讨糖尿病病人合并胆囊结石行腹腔镜胆囊切除术术后的整体护理效果。方法:对115例糖尿病合并胆囊结石行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者,在围手术期护理中,重点注意术前,术中及术后的血糖控制及血糖监测,强化糖尿病知识宣教,饮食调理结合药物控制,使血糖保持在正常范围内;同时重视心理护理,深化术前指导,加强基础护理,防止各种并发症的发生。结果:除5例患者发生切口感染,其余病人均顺利康复。结论:在护理过程中加强血糖控制及血糖监测,同时加强围手术期的整体护理是糖尿病病人合并胆囊结石行腹腔镜胆囊切除术术后恢复的重要保证。     

英语护理专业《病原生物与免疫学基础》教学探讨

英语护理专业是抚顺市卫生学校的特色专业,其中微生物教学的课堂教学要求、教法及教学内容与普通护理专业不同。在英语护理专业的教学方法上做了一些尝试,变"填鸭式"、"一言堂"为讨论式、设置情景式、英语单词强化教学法等,取得了较好的教学效果。     

基于工作职责模糊聚类分析的护理人员等级划分研究

目的 对我国临床护理人员的工作职责进行分类研究,为护理人员等级划分提供依据。 方法 30名护理专家从学历、工作时间、知识和技能、能力4个方面对筛选出的32项护理人员工作职责进行评分,对评分结果进行模糊聚类分析。 结果 当λ=0.993 3时,护理人员工作职责聚为6类,此时模糊聚类结果与实际情况最相符合。 结论 根据聚类结果和实际情况,我国临床护理人员可划分为5个等级,每个等级护理人员的学历、工作时间、知识和技能、能力与其所承担的职责相匹配。