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141.
2011年8月到2012年4月间,在上海市浦东新区华夏公园獐重引入试点,采用目标取样、扫描取样和全事件记录法,对圈养条件下6只成体雄獐(Hydropotes inermis)的6种领域行为进行观察,并利用放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定雄獐粪便中的睾酮水平变化.结果表明,雄獐的许多领域行为发生频次表现出明显的月间变化,包括打斗、威胁、取代、追逐和粪尿标记;擦额标记行为频次虽月间差异不显著,但与其他领域行为一样在11月份出现频次峰值.发情期(2011年10月~2012年1月)和非发情期(2011年9月、2012年2~4月),打斗、威胁、粪尿标记和擦额标记行为发生频次差异显著;取代和追逐行为频次差异不显著.6种领域行为的发生频次均在发情期明显高于非发情期.粪便睾酮含量在发情期和非发情期差异显著,发情期明显高于非发情期,其含量在12月份达到峰值(51.16±9.85) ng/g.雄獐的威胁、擦额标记、粪尿标记和打斗行为发生频次与睾酮水平呈显著的正相关性,而取代和追逐行为与睾酮水平变化不具有显著相关性. 相似文献
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143.
It is noteworthy that exposure to opiates during fetal development results in permanent changes in adults related to morphological,
behavioral and biochemical measures; however little is known concerning the effects of such drugs in early postnatal life.
We investigated in newborn rats the effects of prenatal morphine-exposure on both—the hypothalamic metabolism of norepinephrine
(NE), serotonin (5 HT) and neuropeptide Y (NPY)—the activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal and adrenal axes. In a previous
study performed in newborns of untreated mothers, we reported some sex-dependent changes in the metabolism of NE, 5 HT and
NPY in the hypothalamus and an early activation of the gonadostimulating function and of the corticostimulating one. In control
newborns from saline-treated mothers, a slight increase in the hypothalamic metabolism of NE (males) and 5 HT (males and females)
was observed and it was comparable in both sexes. On the other hand, the hypothalamic content of NPY was unaffected in early
postnatal period in newborn males as well as in females. These changes observed on hypothalamic metabolisms are temporally
correlated with the early postnatal activation of the corticostimulating function in neonates of both sexes and that of the
gonadostimulating one, mainly in males. Prenatal morphine exposure altered the hypothalamic metabolism of 5 HT which was increased
mainly in newborn females but did not affect either the metabolism of NE or the NPY content of the hypothalamus. The more
drastic effect of the prenatal morphine treatment is the atrophy and hypoactivity of the adrenals in newborns of both sexes
at birth time and during the early postnatal period. In contrast morphine did not impair postnatal surge of the plasma testosterone
level in male pups as well as late and slight increase of plasma estradiol in female ones. 相似文献
144.
Forskolin ameliorates mancozeb‐induced testicular and epididymal toxicity in Wistar rats by reducing oxidative toxicity and by stimulating steroidogenesis
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In the present study, we have tested the beneficial effects of forskolin in protecting the mancozeb‐induced reproductive toxicity in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to either mancozeb (500 mg/kg body weight/day) or forskolin (5 mg/kg body weight/day) or both for 65 days and analyzed for spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis and testicular and epididymal oxidative toxicity. A significant decrease in daily sperm production, epididymal sperm count, motile, viable, and hypo‐osmotic swelling‐tail swelled sperm was observed in mancozeb‐treated rats. The activity levels of testicular 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and circulatory testosterone levels were significantly decreased in mancozeb‐treated rats. Exposure to mancozeb resulted in a significant decrease in glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity levels with an increase in lipid peroxidation levels in the testes and epididymis. Coadministration of forskolin mitigated the mancozeb‐induced oxidative toxicity and suppressed steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. 相似文献
145.
Rui Peng Juan Le Shu-Lin Yang Jing-Ru Cheng Yan Li Shao-Ting Wang 《Journal of lipid research》2022,63(1):100158
Sex hormones, including androgens, estrogens, and progestogens, are important biomarkers for various diseases. Quantification of sex hormones is typically conducted by LC-MS/MS. At present, most methods require liquid-liquid extraction or solid phase extraction for sample preparation. However, these pretreatments are prone to compromise LC-MS/MS throughput. To improve on the current standard practices, we investigated cold-induced phase separation for sex hormone extraction. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile and adjusting the solution constitution with water, samples were stored at ?30°C for 10 min to generate two distinct phases: an acetonitrile-rich layer on top of a water-rich layer. During this process, the hydrophobic sex hormones spontaneously separate into the upper layer. This simple and reliable cold-induced phase separation-based LC-MS/MS methodology was used here to simultaneously detect estrone, estradiol, estriol, testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in serum. Validation of this method indicated satisfactory performance, including acceptable linearity, accuracy, precision, and tractability. Compared with the mainstream liquid-liquid extraction-based method, this new method exhibits significant progress in throughput, which shortens the time cost of sample preparation from 90 to 40 min. We propose that this method can be an excellent alternative for sex hormone analysis in routine clinical laboratories. 相似文献
146.
Hideo Mukai Tetsuya Kimoto Yasushi Hojo Suguru Kawato Gen Murakami Shimpei Higo Yusuke Hatanaka Mari Ogiue-Ikeda 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2010
The hippocampus is a center for learning and memory as well as a target of Alzheimer's disease in aged humans. Synaptic modulation by estrogen is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms of estrogen replacement therapy. Because the local synthesis of estrogen occurs in the hippocampus of both sexes, in addition to the estrogen supply from the gonads, its functions are attracting much attention. 相似文献
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148.
Male rats (Rattus novergicus) infected with protozoan Toxoplasma gondii relinquish their innate aversion to the cat odours. This behavioural change is postulated to increase transmission of the parasite to its definitive felid hosts. Here, we show that the Toxoplasma gondii infection institutes an epigenetic change in the DNA methylation of the arginine vasopressin promoter in the medial amygdala of male rats. Infected animals exhibit hypomethylation of arginine vasopressin promoter, leading to greater expression of this nonapeptide. The infection also results in the greater activation of the vasopressinergic neurons after exposure to the cat odour. Furthermore, we show that loss of fear in the infected animals can be rescued by the systemic hypermethylation and recapitulated by directed hypomethylation in the medial amygdala. These results demonstrate an epigenetic proximate mechanism underlying the extended phenotype in the Rattus novergicus–Toxoplasma gondii association. 相似文献
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150.
Spirodela oligorrhiza (duckweed) is capable of transforming some steroids of the androstane series. Hydrolysis of the acetates of testosterone and of 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one by this species yielded the corresponding alcohols. Further transformation of testosterone and reduction of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione indicated the interconversions of the hydroxyl-ketone function on C-17 and reduction of the Δ4-double bond to the trans-A/B system. Only a trace amount of 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one underwent further transformations. 相似文献