Isolation of humic acid from the brown algaPilayella littoralis

A standard humic acid extraction procedure has been used to isolate dark brown organic residues from samples of the macroscopic marine brown algaPilayella littoralis. The residues are insoluble in water, but soluble at high pH, and are similar in elemental composition, ash content, UV-visible, IR, PMR and X-Ray fluorescence spectra, X-Ray diffractograms and scanning electron micrographs to residues of a humic acid isolated from municipal compost. These results indicate thatPilayella produces humic acids.Author for correspondence     

Wave-separation in complex systems. Application to brain-signals

A departure from single-system dynamics, that may arise in characterizing self-organized dynamics of complex systems, is dealt with by using the Karhunen-Loève expansion of the trajectory matrix to decompose an experimental signal in a sum of spectral features. For an electroencephalographic -signal, a separation of waves and extraction of additive sub-signals are achieved, each sub-signal covering a well-bounded and physiologically meaningful frequency range. From the subsignals, an attractor that vanishes on phase-randomizing the data is characterized, under conditions where none was found for the recorded signal.     

The interaction of the vanadyl(IV) cation with phytic acid

The interactions of VO²⁺ with phytate to form both soluble and insoluble complexes, have been studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy. A soluble 1∶1 VO²⁺: phytate complex is formed at pH <1. At higher pH-values insoluble complexes are produced. Two different solid complexes, obtained respectively at pH=2 and 4, were isolated and characterized. The maximal bonding ratio of VO²⁺: phytate was found to be 4, on the basis of a pH binding profile.     

Purification and characterization of catalase from goat (Capra capra) lung

Catalase plays a major role in the protection of tissues from toxic effects of H₂O₂ and partially reduced oxygen species. In the present study catalase was extracted and purified 330-fold from goat lung by acetone fractionation and successive chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-200, Blue Sepharose CL-6B and Ultrogel AcA-34. The purified enzyme was almost homogeneous as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and FPLC. The molecular weight and Stokes' radius of the purified enzyme were 339 kDa and 127±2 Å. The enzyme had 11 sulfhydryl groups and 15 tryptophan groups per mol of the enzyme. A broad pH optimum in the range 5.2 to 7.8 was obtained. Sulfhydryl group binding agents, thiol reagents and N-Bromosuccinimide inhibited the enzyme activity. The kinetic data show no cooperativity between the substrate binding sites. Tryptophan, indole acetic acid, cysteine, formaldehyde and sodium azide inhibited the enzyme non-competitively with K_i values of 1.5, 1.6, 6.7, 0.55 and 0.0017 mM, respectively.     

Cytotoxic cell function and phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cancer patients treated with low-dose interleukin-2 and mitomycin C

We previously found that the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells became remarkably augmented after mitomycin C administration. On the basis of the clinical finding, we designed a treatment regimen comprised of 12 mg/m² mitomycin C i. v. on day 1 and 700 U/m² recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. Of 25 patients with advanced carcinoma, 9 had a partial response and 3 had a minor response. Cytotoxic cell function, including natural killer activity, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity, and the ability to generate LAK cells, and lymphocyte subsets in PBM was measured 1 day before and after either the first or second course of this therapy. The relationship between these parameters and the clinical antitumor response to this treatment was examined. Although the cytotoxic activities were significantly augmented after either the first or second treatment course, no positive correlation was observed between the changes in these cytotoxic activities and the clinical response to this therapy, when patients who either showed a partial response or whose disease remission was partial or minor were defined as responders. Further, phenotypic analysis showed a significant increase in CD2⁺, CD3⁺ CD4⁺ and CD4⁺Leu8^– cells after the firs course, and CD25⁺ cells after either the first or second course of this treatment. The precentages of CD2⁺ and CD25⁺ cells were significantly elevated only in responders but not in nonresponders, suggesting the increase in these subsets was related to clinical response.     

重症肺炎患者病原菌分布、临床结局分析及血清尿素氮与肌酐比值、尿素氮与白蛋白比值联合检测的临床意义

摘要 目的：分析重症肺炎（SP）患者病原菌分布和临床结局并探讨血清尿素氮与肌酐比值（UCR）、尿素氮与白蛋白比值（UAR）联合检测的临床意义。方法：选取2019年8月～2022年8月三六三医院收治的107例SP患者,根据临床结局分为死亡组和存活组。分析SP患者病原菌分布情况。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析SP患者临床结局的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清UCR、UAR水平对SP患者临床结局的评估价值。结果：107例SP患者痰液标本中培养出122株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌75株（61.48%）,革兰阳性菌39株（31.97%）,真菌8株（6.56%）。107例SP患者院内死亡率为40.19%（43/107）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄增加、肺外并发症≥2个和UCR、UAR升高为SP患者临床结局不良的独立危险因素,氧合指数增加为其独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,血清UCR、UAR联合评估SP患者临床结局的曲线下面积（AUC）大于各指标单独评估。结论：SP患者病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主,血清UCR、UAR升高为SP患者临床结局不良的独立危险因素,可能成为SP患者临床结局的辅助评估指标,且二者联合评估SP患者临床结局的价值较高。     

Comparison of mechanistic and hybrid modeling approaches for characterization of a CHO cultivation process: Requirements,pitfalls and solution paths

Despite the advantages of mathematical bioprocess modeling, successful model implementation already starts with experimental planning and accordingly can fail at this early stage. For this study, two different modeling approaches (mechanistic and hybrid) based on a four-dimensional antibody-producing CHO fed-batch process are compared. Overall, 33 experiments are performed in the fractional factorial four-dimensional design space and separated into four different complex data partitions subsequently used for model comparison and evaluation. The mechanistic model demonstrates the advantage of prior knowledge (i.e., known equations) to get informative value relatively independently of the utilized data partition. The hybrid approach displayes a higher data dependency but simultaneously yielded a higher accuracy on all data partitions. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that independent of the chosen modeling framework, a smart selection of only four initial experiments can already yield a very good representation of a full design space independent of the chosen modeling structure. Academic and industry researchers are recommended to pay more attention to experimental planning to maximize the process understanding obtained from mathematical modeling.     

重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶作为角膜保护剂在翼状胬肉手术中的临床应用研究

摘要 目的：探讨重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（r-bFGF）眼用凝胶在翼状胬肉手术中的临床应用价值。方法：按照随机数字表法,将我院2019年1月~2020年12月期间收治的100例翼状胬肉手术患者分为对照组（n=50）和研究组（n=50）。手术方式均采用翼状胬肉切除联合结膜瓣转移术,对照组术中接受常规处理,研究组在对照组的基础上结合r-bFGF眼用凝胶。对比两组手术效果、眼表相关指标、视力、眼压、不良反应和并发症发生率。结果：两组术后3个月视觉疼痛模拟评分（VAS）、眼表疾病指数（OSDI）下降,泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、基础泪液分泌试验（SIT）升高（P<0.05）,研究组术后3个月VAS、OSDI低于对照组,BUT、SIT高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后3个月视力升高,眼压下降（P<0.05）,研究组术后3个月视力高于对照组,眼压低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异（P>0.05）。研究组的临床治愈率较对照组高（P<0.05）。研究组的并发症发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：r-bFGF眼用凝胶用于翼状胬肉手术中,可减少翼状胬肉患者的术后痛苦,改善眼角、视力和眼压症状,获得更好的临床治愈率。     

失眠障碍患者脑部CT影像学变化与学习记忆功能变化、临床特征相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨失眠障碍患者脑部CT影像学变化与学习记忆功能变化、临床特征相关性。方法：回顾性选择2018年6月至2021年6月来我院诊治的失眠障碍患者50例,选择同期来我院体检的健康人群30例。两组受试者均使用飞利浦64排CT进行扫描,检测计算额角指数与海马指数,对比两组受试者的额角指数、海马指数,对比两组受试者的临床记忆评分、睡眠质量评分、WCST评分,分析两组受试者的临床症状,分析观察组患者额角指数、海马指数与临床记忆评分、睡眠指数评分、WCST评分、临床症状评分的相关性。结果：观察组的额角指数、海马指数明显较对照组低（P<0.05）。观察组的临床记忆评分明显较对照组低（P<0.05）。观察组的睡眠质量评分明显较对照组低（P<0.05）。观察组的完成测验数、选择错误率、完成第一个应答数、持续错误率、错误应答数明显较对照组高,完成分类数、概念化水平百分比明显较对照组低（P<0.05）。观察组的躯体感觉评分及心理感觉评分明显较对照组高（P<0.05）。额角指数、海马指数与临床记忆评分呈正比,与睡眠质量评分、临床症状评分呈反比,与WCST评分中的完成分类数、概念化水平百分比呈正比,与WCST评分中的完成测验数、选择错误率、完成第一个应答数、持续错误率、错误应答数呈反比（P<0.05）。结论：脑部CT影像学结果发现,失眠障碍存在学习记忆功能变化,与患者的临床特征相关性、睡眠质量存在存在一定相关性。     

玉肤解毒膏治疗结直肠癌患者卡培他滨化疗所致手足综合征的疗效观察

摘要 目的：观察玉肤解毒膏治疗结直肠癌患者卡培他滨化疗所致手足综合征的临床疗效,为临床提供合理治疗方案。方法：选择2021年月-2022年5月湖南省肿瘤医院门诊或住院部确诊为结直肠癌行含卡培他滨方案化疗所致手足综合征患者60例。所有患者采用抛掷硬币法分为玉肤解毒膏组和尿素软膏组,各30例。玉肤解毒膏组采用玉肤解毒膏治疗;尿素软膏组采用尿素软膏治疗,2组均连续治疗21 d。观察2组手足综合征分级改善情况、临床疗效、中医证候积分、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、手足皮肤反应生活质量量（HF-QoL）评分及焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分。结果：玉肤解毒膏组在降低手足综合征分级及提高治疗总有效率上均优于尿素软膏组（P＜0.05）;治疗后2组中医证候积分、VAS评分、HF-QoL评分及SAS评分较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,且玉肤解毒膏组均低于尿素软膏组（P＜0.05）。结论：玉肤解毒膏治疗结直肠癌患者卡培他滨化疗所致手足综合征的临床疗效确切,可有效降低患者临床分级,降低中医证候积分、缓解疼痛症状,改善患者生活质量及焦虑状况,具有一定的临床应用价值。