感染耐亚胺培南鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布情况及耐药性分析

目的:探讨感染耐亚胺培南(IPM)鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布情况及耐药性。方法:回顾性分析2013~2015年榆林市中医院患者感染鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分布,并对耐亚胺培南鲍曼不动杆菌进行培养、鉴定及药敏试验,分析其耐药情况。结果:2013~2015年我院共分离培养出鲍曼不动杆菌185株,其中IPM耐药99株(53.51%),IPM敏感86株(46.49%)。绝大部分菌株分离自痰液标本(138株,74.59%),其次是血液标本(14株,7.57%)与尿液标本(12株,6.49%);来自ICU送检标本菌株数量最多(84株,45.41%),其次是呼吸内科标本(53株,28.65%)与神经内科标本(30株,16.22%)。不同标本类型及科室中IPM耐药及IPM敏感鲍曼不动杆菌占比无显著差异(P0.05)。IPM耐药鲍曼不动杆菌对抗菌药物耐药性均较高,其中以头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(CSL)敏感性最高(50.51%);IPM敏感鲍曼不动杆菌对部分抗菌药物耐药性尚可,其中以IPM敏感性最高(93.02%)。结论:耐亚胺培南鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布广泛,多重耐药性严重甚至出现泛耐药,应当对患者进行药敏试验,以药敏结果选择合适的抗菌药物进行使用。     

Structure-activity studies of a macrocyclic peptide inhibitor of histone lysine demethylase 4A

The combination of genetic code reprogramming and mRNA display is a powerful approach for the identification of macrocyclic peptides with high affinities to a target of interest. We have previously used such an approach to identify a potent inhibitor (CP2) of the human KDM4A and KDM4C lysine demethylases; important regulators of gene expression. In the present study, we have used genetic code reprogramming to synthesise very high diversity focused libraries (>10¹² compounds) based on CP2 and, through affinity screening, used these to delineate the structure activity relationship of CP2 binding to KDM4A. In the course of these experiments we identified a CP2 analogue (CP2f-7) with ～4-fold greater activity than CP2 in in vitro inhibition assays. This work will facilitate the development of more potent, selective inhibitors of lysine demethylases.     

RNA-based gene therapy for the treatment and prevention of HIV: from bench to bedside

Gene therapy is considered a feasible approach for the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Targeting both viral genes and host dependency factors can interfere with the viral lifecycle and prevent viral replication. A number of approaches have been taken to target these genes, including ribozymes, aptamers, and RNAi based therapies. A number of these therapies are now beginning to make their way into clinical trials and providing proof of principle that gene therapy is a safe and realistic option for treating HIV. Here, we focus on those therapies that have progressed along the pipeline to preclinical and clinical testing.     

东方次睾吸虫电镜研究(吸虫纲:后睾科)V.雌性生殖器官

东方次睾吸虫雌性生殖器官（卵巢、输卵管、卵黄－输卵管、卵模、梅氏腺和子宫）透射电镜 观察。卵巢内有不同成熟期的生殖细胞,成熟初级卵母细胞有几个靠近核的核仁样小聚体和许多沿 质膜的皮质颗粒。首次发现并描述卵巢和输卵管接合处（卵巢壶腹）的超微结构。输卵管上皮为纤 毛状。梅氏腺仅一种类型膜状小体细胞,经有微管支持的细小管道穿过卵模将膜状小体排入卵模腔 内。在卵黄－输卵管和卵模中有精子,卵模和子宫中有受精卵、虫卵（扫描电镜）：大小 ２６. ０５× １１．４６－１３．５５μｍ,卵盖直径６．２６－６. ８９μｐ,卵壳表面布满膜状隆起。文中对卵巢和梅氏腺的超微 结构特点进行了讨论。     

Generation of clinical 177Lu SPECT/CT images based on Monte Carlo simulation with GATE

PurposePatient-specific dosimetry in MRT relies on quantitative imaging, pharmacokinetic assessment and absorbed dose calculation. The DosiTest project was initiated to evaluate the uncertainties associated with each step of the clinical dosimetry workflow through a virtual multicentric clinical trial. This work presents the generation of simulated clinical SPECT datasets based on GATE Monte Carlo modelling with its corresponding experimental CT image, which can subsequently be processed by commercial image workstations.MethodsThis study considers a therapy cycle of 6.85 GBq ¹⁷⁷Lu-labelled DOTATATE derived from an IAEA-Coordinated Research Project (E23005) on “Dosimetry in Radiopharmaceutical therapy for personalised patient treatment”. Patient images were acquired on a GE Infinia-Hawkeye 4 gamma camera using a medium energy (ME) collimator. Simulated SPECT projections were generated based on experimental time points and validated against experimental SPECT projections using flattened profiles and gamma index. The simulated projections were then incorporated into the patient SPECT/CT DICOM envelopes for processing and their reconstruction within a commercial image workstation.ResultsGamma index passing rate (2% − 1 pixel criteria) between 95 and 98% and average gamma between 0.28 and 0.35 among different time points revealed high similarity between simulated and experimental images. Image reconstruction of the simulated projections was successful on HERMES and Xeleris workstations, a major step forward for the initiation of a multicentric virtual clinical dosimetry trial based on simulated SPECT/CT images.ConclusionsRealistic ¹⁷⁷Lu patient SPECT projections were generated in GATE. These modelled datasets will be circulated to different clinical departments to perform dosimetry in order to assess the uncertainties in the entire dosimetric chain.     

Ataxin-10 is involved in Golgi membrane dynamics

<正>Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division that generates two daughter cells(Fededa and Gerlich,2012).The textbook version di-vides the plant and animal cell cytokinesis into two categories.Plant cells form a mid-zone phragmoplast via vesicle delivering and fusion,and cell wall materials are thus deposited.Animal cells form actomyosin contractile rings,which are the sole force that drives abscission.However,recent evidence has been mounting and pinpointing a pivotal role of membrane transport and subse-     

22例糖尿病视神经病变综合治疗的疗效观察

目的：总结诊断及治疗糖尿病性视神经病变（diabeticopticneuropathy,DON）的临床经验,为本病的治疗和预防提供依据。方法：回顾性研究22例糖尿病视神经痛变的发病特点,在接受治疗的患者中严格控制血糖,应用复方樟柳碱注射液病侧颞浅动脉旁皮下注射,口服或静脉滴注活血化瘀药物,并口服维生素B1、维生素B2、肌苷片等营养视神经的药物,同时给予全身检查,包括对高血压、糖尿病等全身疾病的治疗,观察经综合治疗前后的视力、眼底、视野改变及眼底荧光血管造影（fundusfluoresceinall-giography,FFA）的特点等。结果：接受治疗的患者共有22例（29只眼）,治愈10例（12只眼）;好转7例（10只眼）,总有效率为79．3％。结论：糖尿病性视神经病变的及时正确诊断、系统的综合治疗,可有效提高视力,扩大视野。     

新辅助化疗配合手术治疗中晚期乳腺癌的临床效果分析

目的:观察新辅助化疗配合手术治疗中晚期乳腺癌的临床效果,为临床研究提供参考。方法:选取我院2009年5月-2011年4月收治的中晚期乳腺癌患者107例,根据治疗方法的不同,将患者分为新辅助化疗组和对照组。新辅助化疗组采取术前辅助化疗,而对照组术前不接受化疗。观察新辅助化疗组患者的近期临床疗效、毒副反应发生率;比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量等;术后随访三年,记录两组患者的肿瘤局部复发率及远处转移率。结果:新辅助化疗组患者治疗的总有效率为79.66%,毒副反应的发生率为33.89%;新辅助化疗组的平均手术时间、术中出血量均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。新辅助化疗组患者的局部复发率为5.08%,远处转移率为6.78%;对照组患者局部复发率为12.50%,远处转移率为18.75%。新辅助化疗组患者的肿瘤复发转移率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在中晚期乳腺癌的临床治疗中,术前对患者实施新辅助化疗具有明显的效果,患者近期疗效良好,毒副反应可耐受,且手术后的复发转移率相对较低,值得推广应用。     

乌司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及机制研究

目的:探讨乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者的临床疗效及可能机制。方法:收集我院收治的重症急性胰腺炎患者66例,随机分为实验组和对照组。所有患者均给予禁食水、充分补液、纠正电解质紊乱等常规支持对症治疗。对照组予奥曲肽,实验组予乌司他丁,共治疗7天。测定两组患者治疗前、后各血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;治疗前、治疗第1、3天及治疗后进行血常规检测,观察白细胞计数(WBC),并进行血淀粉酶(AMS)、尿淀粉酶(UAMY)测定;分别记录两组患者临床症状及体征恢复时间,判定临床疗效。结果:1治疗后,两组患者血清IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著下降,且实验组较对照组下降更明显(P0.05);2治疗后,两组患者白细胞计数及血、尿淀粉酶水平均较治疗前明显下降,且实验组较对照组下降更明显(P0.05);3治疗后,实验组各项临床症状及体征消失时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁可有效改善急性胰腺胰腺炎患者的各项临床症状,这可能与其显著降低其血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、淀粉酶水平、白细胞计数及尿淀粉酶水平有关。