Wave-separation in complex systems. Application to brain-signals

A departure from single-system dynamics, that may arise in characterizing self-organized dynamics of complex systems, is dealt with by using the Karhunen-Loève expansion of the trajectory matrix to decompose an experimental signal in a sum of spectral features. For an electroencephalographic -signal, a separation of waves and extraction of additive sub-signals are achieved, each sub-signal covering a well-bounded and physiologically meaningful frequency range. From the subsignals, an attractor that vanishes on phase-randomizing the data is characterized, under conditions where none was found for the recorded signal.     

The interaction of the vanadyl(IV) cation with phytic acid

The interactions of VO²⁺ with phytate to form both soluble and insoluble complexes, have been studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy. A soluble 1∶1 VO²⁺: phytate complex is formed at pH <1. At higher pH-values insoluble complexes are produced. Two different solid complexes, obtained respectively at pH=2 and 4, were isolated and characterized. The maximal bonding ratio of VO²⁺: phytate was found to be 4, on the basis of a pH binding profile.     

川西北甘南云冷杉林的数量分类

 本文应用DCA二维散点非等级制分类和TWINSPAN等级制分类的方法进行了四川西北部和甘肃南部云冷杉林的数量分类,共划分出15个群丛,分属于云杉、冷杉、高山栎和桦木四个群系,并分别讨论了各群丛的特征。用DCA二维散点的非等级制分类与TWINSPAN的等级制分类的方法对于云冷杉植物群落都产生了较好且一致的分类效果。通过TWINSPAN分类的研究,发现了对生境有指示意义的特征种和指示种,主要的植物种类有：圆叶菝契、网状小壁等(冷湿,指示藓类冷杉林和杜鹃冷杉林);小花拂子茅、箭炉樱等(冷旱,指示草类云杉林和箭竹云冷杉林);槭树、铁杉、沛阳花等(暖湿,指示落阔冷杉林和灌木云杉林等);罗氏异燕麦、华西矮卫茅、糙野青茅和狭叶柳兰等(暖旱,指示灌木云杉林和云冷杉疏林)。     

新生儿接种小剂量乙肝疫苗后3-5年随访观察

本文对９３８例初生婴儿接种小剂量（１０ｕｇ×３）乙肝疫苗后３－５年的预防效果进行了随访观察,并以２５３例初生儿未接种疫苗者作为对照,结果表明,接种组３－５年后抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率显著高于对照组,ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率则较对照组显著为低。感染保护率８６．７％。结果还表明,接种乙肝疫苗３年后加强１次,比不加强者Ｐ／Ｎ均值显著增高。文章认为初生儿接种小剂量乙肝疫苗有长期免疫效果;接种后３年加强接种１次,可保持较高免疫力。     

The Value of a hoard: not just energy

We present a stochastic dynamic programming model of the contributionof stored food to winter survival. Using the acorn woodpecker(Melanerpes formtcivorus) as a model organism, we demonstratethat a hoard of small energetic value can impart considerableimprovement in the probability of surviving the winter and soimprove fitness. With this model we hope to resolve Koenig andMumme's paradox, that acorn woodpeckers expend much time andeffort to create and maintain hoards of acorns which provideno more that 16% of their energetic needs over the period inwhich they are used. We further demonstrate that the contributionof hoarded acorns to survival depends on the variability inforaging outcome, independently of the energetic value of thehoard in absolute terms. We point out that the results applyin principle to all hoarding animals and suggest a number offurther elaborations of the model.     

Storage-protein variation in wild emmer (Triticum turgidum ssp.dicoccoides) from Jordan and Turkey.

Genetic diversity in the seed storage-proteins encoded at theGlu-A1,Glu-B1 andGli-B1/Glu-B3 loci was studied electrophoretically in 315 individuals belonging to nine populations ofT. dicoccoides from Jordan and three from Turkey. The inter- and intra-population distribution of seed storage-protein alleles at the considered loci and its link with geographical factors were investigated. Population differentiation in seed storage-proteins was in some cases very high with very weak correlations with geographic distance. Greater gene differentiation was found within and between populations which were geographically very close in Jordan than between those from Jordan and Turkey. However the distribution of alleles appeared to be non random. Samples collected from populations at locations over 900 m above sea level were less polymorphic than those collected at lower altitudes (500–700 m), whereas the relative genetic differentiation between populations was greater between those collected at higher altitudes. Seed storage-protein differentiation was significantly correlated with the altitude of the collecting sites. Although it is difficult to point out the selective pressure of altitude per se, altitude can reflect an integration of several environmental parameters. The possible adaptive value of seed storage-proteins is discussed.     

慈竹无性系种群能值特点及其影响能值计测因素的研究

 本文引用Harper(1977)的构件结构理论,从构件结构单位、无性系分株和无性系三个层次,对四川南充市郊慈竹无性系种群的能值特点及其影响能值的计测因素进行了定量研究。研究结果表明：慈竹无性系种群中,各构件单位的去灰分热值(AFCV)分别为：根15349.42J／g、根茎16372.92J／g、秆17106.06J／g、枝18111.99J／g和叶19451.90J／g;慈竹无性系分株的AFCV(J／g)随龄级增大而递增;慈竹无性系水平上的AFCV为：Ⅰ龄占16.47%、Ⅱ龄占25.76%、Ⅲ龄占36.32%、Ⅳ龄为13.08%及Ⅴ龄为8.37%。用恒容燃烧法测定热值时,其能值变化与氧分压密切相关。用经验公式计算的能值较作图法高;用AFCV表示能值较总干重热值(GCV)准确。     

海南潜在世界自然遗产地的突出普遍价值初探

世界自然遗产地是全球最具有保护价值的自然保护地,强调全球突出普遍价值的完整性和在全球的唯一性。世界自然遗产有助于更好地保护生态系统的完整性和原真性,促进人类与自然的可持续发展。该研究在大量文献资料的基础上,以海南潜在世界自然遗产地(海南热带雨林国家公园)原生动植物及植被群落(亚洲北缘热带雨林)为研究对象,从植被类型、物种多样性、区系组成、特有种等生物生态过程方面,评估海南潜在世界自然遗产地的全球突出普遍价值。结果表明:(1)海南潜在世界自然遗产地分布有3 653种野生维管植物,资源植物种类丰富。陆栖脊椎动物有540种,各类野生动物占全国的比例高达10%～30%,生物多样性极高。(2)植物区系独特,海南岛的热带雨林植被区划属于印度-马来雨林群系,属马来区的部分呈现出热带性和与中国华南大陆的共源性显示出明显的热带边缘性质,为中国华南植物区系与亚洲热带雨林的过渡类型。(3)植物区系中的植物物种特有性较低,特有属仅有7个,特有种仅约占岛内植物的1/10,较低的特有性表明了其大陆起源特征,是生物多样性不可替代的元素,具有鲜明的环境指示特色。该研究明确了海南潜在世界自然遗产地在全球背景下的突出普遍价值,为海南未来申遗提供科学依据和技术支撑。     

pH对生物合成超声分子影像探针气囊充放气的调控

气囊（gas vesicles,GVs）是一种存在于蓝藻及古菌等微生物中调节浮力的类细胞器纳米结构,由蛋白质外壳包裹气体组成。近年来的研究表明,气囊具有作为超声分子影像探针的潜力。然而,气囊的充放气机制并不明确,限制了生物合成超声分子影像探针的保存和气体更换。本研究发现环境pH值是调节气囊充放气的一个重要因素。其不仅可以调节藻细胞内的气囊充放气进而使微囊藻呈现不同的漂浮状态,还可对提纯的气囊充放气进行体外调节,且该调节过程可逆。该机制的阐明为生物合成超声分子影像探针的大规模生产和保存,特别对气囊中的气体进行更换以满足不同的诊疗需求提供了技术支持,助力生物合成超声造影剂在疾病诊疗中的应用。     

尿铜蓝蛋白、肾损伤因子1与糖尿病肾病患者肾功能的关系及对预后不良的预测价值研究

摘要 目的：探讨尿铜蓝蛋白（CP）、肾损伤因子1（KIM-1）与糖尿病肾病（DKD）患者肾功能的关系及对预后不良的预测价值。方法：回顾性分析2017年1月～2019年1月陆军第八十二集团军医院肾内科收治的160例DKD患者（DKD组）的临床资料,随访3年,根据是否发展为终末期肾脏疾病（ESRD）分为预后不良组42例和预后良好组118例,另选取同期56例单纯2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者作为T2DM组和47例体检健康者作为对照组。采用微量法和酶联免疫吸附试验法检测尿CP、KIM-1水平,并计算尿白蛋白/肌酐比值（UACR）和估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）。通过Spearman相关性分析DKD患者尿CP、KIM-1与UACR、eGFR的相关性,单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析DKD患者预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析尿CP、KIM-1对DKD患者预后不良的预测价值。结果：随访3年,160例DKD患者有42例发展为ESRD,预后不良发生率为26.25％（42/160）。DKD组尿CP、KIM-1、UACR高于T2DM组、对照组,eGFR低于T2DM组、对照组（P＜0.05）;T2DM组尿CP、KIM-1、UACR高于对照组,eGFR低于对照组（P＜0.05）。Spearman相关性分析显示,DKD患者尿CP、KIM-1与UACR呈正相关（P均＜0.001）,与eGFR呈负相关（P均＜0.001）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高血压、DKD分期4期和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（较高）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（较高）、UACR（较高）、尿CP（较高）、尿KIM-1（较高）为DKD患者预后不良的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）,eGFR（较高）为独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,尿CP、KIM-1联合预测DKD患者预后不良的曲线下面积大于各指标单独预测。结论：DKD患者尿CP、KIM-1升高与肾功能降低和预后不良密切相关,尿CP、KIM-1联合预测DKD患者预后不良的价值较高。