高空气球搭载实验对鸡冠花黄酮类化合物成分的影响

利用高空气球搭载了2个品种鸡冠花（Celosia cristataL.)的种子,进行空间诱变处理,飞行高度为40.112km,飞行时间近4h,回收后播种栽培,采收子一代（SP1）花序,将各组样品花序的乙醇提取物与Mg HCl,Zn HCl,1?Cl3-乙醇液,2%AlCl3-乙醇液,1%NaOH进行显色反应,呈现黄酮类化合物性质特征颜色,又以槲皮素,山柰酚,异鼠李素为对照品,采用HPLC法测定分析了各搭载组花序中黄酮醇的含是,并与地面对照组比较,结果表明,2个品种鸡冠花搭载组花序黄酮醇总量分别为0.859%,0.864%,比对照组分别提高90.04%,142.02%。高空环境诱变处理对鸡冠花花序中黄酮类化合物合成产生了显著效应。     

青葙对土壤锰的耐性和富集特征

通过盆栽试验,研究了青葙(Celosia argentea Linn.)对不同浓度(0、50、100、200、300、500 mg/kg)锰(Mn)污染土壤的吸收和积累特性。结果表明,青葙的锰含量、生物富集系数和生物量均随着土壤锰浓度的增加而增加。当土壤锰含量为300 mg/kg时,青葙生长良好。在锰浓度500 mg/kg时,青葙叶片边缘出现轻微褪绿现象,但是植株的生长未受到抑制,并且叶片生物量显著增加(P0.05)。此时,叶片中锰含量达到最大值42927 mg/kg,生物富集系数为69.20。青葙吸收的锰有95%—97%被转移到地上部分,表明该植物对锰具有很强转运能力。本研究的结果为利用青葙修复锰污染土壤提供了有力证据。     

Selfing and outcrossing but no apomixis in two natural populations of diploid Potentilla argentea

It has been suggested that diploid Potentilla argentea, hoary cinquefoil, is a facultative apomict. We have investigated the way such plants produce seeds under natural conditions in two populations from southern Sweden. About one hundred plants were studied cytometrically to ascertain their ploidy level. A standard population investigation based on two informative isozyme loci was then performed on the diploid plants. Finally, seeds were taken from heterozygous plants to determine the genetic constitution of their offspring. From the offspring analysis it followed that apomixis did not occur, at least not to any noticeable degree. From the population investigation it could be deduced that most seeds were produced by selfing.     

EVALUATION OF THREE ORNAMENTAL PLANTS FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF PB-CONTAMINED SOIL

Characteristics of accumulation and tolerance of lead (Pb) in Quamolit pennata, Antirrhinum majus L. and Celosia cristata pyramidalis were investigated to identify Pb-accumulating plants. In this study, pot culture experiment was conducted to assess whether these plants are Pb-hyperaccumulators or accumulators. The results indicated that the Pb enrichment factor (concentration in plant/soil) and Pb translocation factor (concentration in shoot/root) of these plants were principally <1 in pot culture and concentration gradient experiments. However, the Pb concentration in Celosia cristata pyramidalis shoots was higher than 1000 mg kg^?1, the threshold concentration for a Pb-hyperaccumulator. Shoot biomass of Celosia cristata pyramidalis had no significantly (p < 0.05) variation compared to the control. Based on these results, only Celosia cristata pyramidalis could be identified as a Pb-accumulator.     

Growth of ornamental plants irrigated with nutrient or polyethylene glycol solutions of different osmotic potentials

Summary Six ornamental species (Petunia hybrida, Callistephus hortensis, Coleus blumei, Celosia pyramidalis, Antirrhinum majus andTagetes erecta) were grown in solutions containing high concentrations of polyethylene glycol (MW 4000) or of Nitrogen: Phosphorus: Potassium. At equal osmotic potentials, top dry weight, leaf area and leaf elongation rate were all reduced more by polyethylene glycol than by NPK. Polyethylene glycol also produced some leaf damage which did not occur with NPK solutions. Osmotic potentials of –600 kPa due to NPK reduced growth of the six species by at least 25% compared with growth of control plants (at –20 kPa). Tolerance ranking to high fertilizer in the irrigation solution increased from Snapdragon (most sensitive), Marigold Coleus, Aster, Celosia and Petunia (most tolerant).     

Genetic heterogeneity among Frankia isolates from root nodules of individual actinorhizal plants

Abstract Genetic variations among selected Frankia isolates from nitrogen-fixing root nodules harvested from an individual actinorhizal plant ( Elaeagnus angustifolia L. or Shepherdia argentea Nutt.) were estimated by restriction fragment analysis of their total genomic DNA. The presence of plasmids and their restriction enzyme patterns were used as additional criteria. Certain isolates from separate nodules on the same plant were found indistinguishable, being probably clones of the same strain. An endophytic passage of a strain isolated from S. argentea on another host plant, Hippophaë rhamnoides L., did not modify the structural characteristics of the genome in the reisolates obtained. However, in some cases, especially when restriction endonucleases cleaving Frankia DNA into relatively small fragments were used, multiple infection of the actinorhizal plants with different Frankia strains and the presence of more than one strain in a nodule were demonstrated. Some aspects of variability in natural populations of Frankia are discussed.