极东锦鸡儿幼胚子叶的体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生

以极东锦鸡儿未成熟合子胚子叶为外植体进行其体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生研究。在添加不同BA与NAA或2,4-D,外加500mg·L~（-1）水解酪蛋白、30g·L~（-1）蔗糖和8g·L~（-1）琼脂的MS培养基上诱导产生了体细胞胚。在5mg·L~（-1）NAA＋5mg·L~（-1）BA和5mg·L~（-1）2,4-D＋1mg·L~（-1）BA处理中体胚诱导率分别为14%和10%;NAA处理每外植体上诱导出的体胚数量最多为4.3个,而2,4-D为10.5个。体细胞胚经成熟培养后,在添加0.01mg·L~（-1）NAA、20g·L~（-1）蔗糖和6g·L~（-1）琼脂的MS培养基上萌发率达到58.94%。萌发的体胚在MS培养基上长成正常小植株,再生率为87%。经炼苗后的体胚苗移植到草炭土：蛭石：珍珠岩=5：4：1（V/V/V）的栽培基质中,可以正常生长,移栽成活率为40%。     

珍稀濒危植物蒙古扁桃的组织培养及植株再生

对珍稀濒危植物蒙古扁桃进行组织培养获得再生植株。实验结果表明,在MS培养基上蒙古扁桃幼苗茎尖,茎切段和叶片等外植体均可以脱分化形成愈伤组织,并进一步分化形成再生植株。器官的脱分化与再分化决定于培养基中的激素种类及其浓度。诱导愈伤组织形成的最适培养基为MS＋6－BA0.8mg/L NAA0.1mg/L,芽分化诱导最适培养基为MS＋6－BA0.8mg/L,诱导生根的最适培养基是MS＋IBA0.5mg/L。     

小叶锦鸡儿基因组DNA的提取及AFLP反应体系的建立

以小叶锦鸡儿幼嫩叶片为材料,采用改良的SDS法提取其基因组DNA,通过优化AFLP技术体系中的几个主要因素,建立了适合小叶锦鸡儿的AFLP银染反应体系。改良的SDS法能通过在提取液中加入β-巯基乙醇防止氧化、加入PVP去除酚类等物质,获得满足AFLP分析要求的纯度高、完整性好的基因组DNA;用EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ37 ℃双酶切4 h后可以将500 ng的基因组DNA完全切开。酶切产物和接头经16℃连接过夜后,用带有1个选择性碱基的引物和带有3个选择性碱基的引物分别进行预扩增和选择性扩增,扩增产物经变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离,用AgNO₃染色,得到了清晰的指纹式样。小叶锦鸡儿AFLP反应体系的建立为利用该技术研究小叶锦鸡儿的遗传多样性奠定了实验基础。     

Chemical constituents from the bark of Juglans mandshurica Maxim. and their phenol oxidase inhibitory effects

Botanical insecticides investigation led to 21 compounds from the bark of Juglans mandshurica Maxim., in which, compounds 4, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 15 were isolated from Juglans genus for the first time. The inhibitory effect of dihydrokaempferol (6), naringenin (7) and rhoiptelol C (18) on phenol oxidase (PO) are 5–10 times more than arbutin, a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor. Thus, the selective and effective these inhibitors can be expected for using in the development of environment-friendly pesticide.     

A novel isoflavone glycoside fromCaragana alaica

3-O-Rhamnopyranosylisorhamnetin, 3-O-glucopyranosylisorhamnetin, 7-O-galactopyranosylluteolin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, wistin, and a novel isoflavonoid, 3′-hydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosylisoflavone, were isolated from the aerial parts ofaragana alaica. Of these, the previously described compounds were identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectral characteristics, whereas the spectral analysis and conversion to a known compound, cladrastin, allowed the structural elucidation of the novel isoflavone glycoside.     

Studies on the Chemical Constituents of the Volatile Oil of Abies nephrolepis Maxim Leaves

The volatile oil of Abies nephrolepis Maxim leaves growing in Changbai Moutain region was analyzed by OV-1 Capillary column (25×0.25)GC/MS/DS and found to contain 46 chemical constituents, 22 of them which make up 96.8% of the total oil were identified. The major components are α-pinene (15.944%), camphene (20.329%), limonene (29.709%), bornyl acetate (17.083%), etc. Six components from the oil were isolated by N2 protected vectification under vacuum, preparative circle thin-layer chromatography and column chromatography. Limonene, borneol, bornyl acetate and α–bisabolol were idetified by IR and MS.     

东北锦鸡儿属一新变种──多花极东锦鸡儿

东北锦鸡儿属一新变种──多花极东锦鸡儿谢航,赵毓棠,杨成禄,杨景隆（东北师范大学生物系长春１３００２４）（旺起林场吉林永吉１３２２２５）关键词多花极东锦鸡儿ＡＮＥＷＶＡＲＩＥＴＹＯＦＣＡＲＡＧＡＮＡＦＲＯＭＮ．Ｅ．ＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＸｉｅＨａｎｇ;Ｚｈａｏ...     

烈香杜鹃化学成分的研究

从烈香杜鹃的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到五个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构。其中5-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮,烈香杜鹃素I和烈香杜鹃素Ⅱ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

苦瓜和瓜蒌体内皮质醇含量的测定

利用灵敏度高,专一性强的放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）测定了苦瓜和瓜萎不同器官中皮质醇的含量。结果表明：苦瓜和瓜萎各器官均含有皮质醇,且含量在５０～４５０ｎｇ／ｇ．ＦＷ;顶芽中含量最高,其次是花器官;苦瓜和瓜篓雌花皮质醇含量明显高于雄花,且雌花在授粉后当天含量最高,说明皮质醇可能在植物的生长发育过程中起某种作用。     

CO2浓度倍增和土壤干旱对两种幼龄沙生灌木碳分配的影响

利用大型环境生长箱研究了两种幼龄沙地优势灌木柠条 (Caraganaintermedia) 和羊柴 (Hedysarummon golicum) 对CO2 浓度倍增和土壤干旱交互作用的响应。CO2 浓度倍增并没有改善两种沙生灌木叶片的水分状况, 而土壤干旱使叶片的相对含水量 (RWC) 显著降低。在土壤水分充足条件下, CO2 浓度倍增促进两种沙生灌木植株生长, 在干旱条件下则主要促进根的生长, 提高根冠比。土壤干旱显著减少了植株生物量, 但相对促进了根的生长, 特别是显著提高了羊柴的根冠比。CO2 倍增使稳定性碳同位素组分 (δ13 C) 降低, 但土壤干旱使之增加。两种沙生灌木叶片与根部的δ13 C值呈极显著线性关系, 羊柴的斜率大于柠条的, 表明前者叶片与根部在光合产物分配上具有较高的生态可塑性, 这和干旱条件下羊柴的根冠比增加相关联。羊柴的“源库”调节特性反映了对土壤水分胁迫具有较高的耐性。