A human case of Echinostoma hortense (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection diagnosed by gastroduodenal endoscopy in Korea

A human Echinostoma hortense infection was diagnosed by gastroduodenoscopy. An 81-year-old Korean male, living in Yeongcheon-shi, Gyeongsangbuk-do and with epigastric discomfort of several days duration, was subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. He was in the habit of eating fresh water fish. Two live worms were found in the duodenal bulb area and were removed using an endoscopic forceps. Based on their morphological characteristics, the worms were identified as E. hortense. The patient was treated with praziquantel 10 mg/kg as a single dose. The source of the infection in this case remains unclear, but the fresh water fish consumed, including the loach, may have been the source. This is the second case of E. hortense infection diagnosed by endoscopy in Korea.     

无痛胃肠镜与常规胃肠镜在消化道疾病诊治中的临床对比分析

目的:探究并分析无痛胃肠镜与常规胃肠镜在消化道疾病诊治中的临床应用价值。方法:于2014年5月~2015年5期间,选择我院收治的胃肠消化道疾病患者64例为研究对象,根据患者对胃肠镜检测方式的选择,将其分为研究组(33例)和对照组(31例)。研究组患者给予无痛胃肠镜检查,对照组给予常规胃肠镜检查,观察并记录两组患者胃肠镜检查前后血氧饱和度(SpO_2)、心率及血压的变化,内镜操作过程中咽喉反射发生率、不良反应的发生率,术后内镜检查效果评价及患者对操作的满意度。结果:研究组胃肠镜检查效果显著优于对照组,且研究组优良率显著高于对照组(P0.05);研究组患者在胃肠镜检查前后心率、血压及SpO_2均未出现明显变化(P0.05),而对照组患者在内镜查前后心率、血压均出现明显变化,术中心率、血压均明显高于术前和术后(P0.05);研究组患者出现咽喉反射及不良反应发生率均显著低于对照组,对操作满意度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:无痛胃肠镜与常规胃肠镜相比,患者适应性更好、疼痛轻、不良反应少、安全性高,且患者对操作的满意度高。     

痹祺胶囊联合依那西普对强直性脊柱炎患者急性时相反应物指标、血清疼痛介质和骨代谢指标的影响

摘要 目的：探讨痹祺胶囊联合依那西普对强直性脊柱炎（AS）患者急性时相反应物指标、血清疼痛介质和骨代谢指标的影响。方法：纳入西安市第五医院2020年4月~2022年3月期间收治的96例AS患者。按照随机数字表法分为对照组（n=48）和研究组（n=48）,对照组接受依那西普治疗,研究组接受痹祺胶囊联合依那西普治疗。对比两组疗效、临床症状指标[Bath强直性脊柱炎活动指数（BASDAI）、Bath强直性脊柱炎功能指数（BASFI）、Bath强直性脊柱炎计量学指数（BASMI）、视觉疼痛模拟（VAS）评分]、急性时相反应物指标[红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）]、血清疼痛介质指标[前列腺素E₂ (PGE₂) 、P物质( SP)、多巴胺（DA）,五羟色胺（5-HT）]和骨代谢指标[骨形态发生蛋白-2（BMP-2）、骨钙素（BGP）],观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果：研究组（95.83%）的临床总有效率高于对照组（79.17%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗后PGE₂、SP、DA、5-HT下降,且研究组的下降程度更大（P<0.05）。两组治疗后CRP、ESR下降,且研究组的下降程度更大（P<0.05）。两组治疗后BMP-2、BGP升高,且研究组的升高程度更大（P<0.05）。两组治疗后BASDAI、BASFI、BASMI、VAS评分下降,且研究组的下降程度更大（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：痹祺胶囊联合依那西普治疗AS患者,疗效较好,可改善临床症状,调节急性时相反应物指标、血清疼痛介质和骨代谢指标水平,安全性较高。     

Formation of an extracellular energy reserve byCellulomonas flavigena strain KU

Summary Conditions of growth are described which lead to the formation of a dense capsule aboutCellulomonas flavigena and provide data which suggest that, although accumulated as an extracellular structure, it may function as an energy reserve. The capsule is formed when the bacteria are cultured in a minimal medium containing an excess of one of several carbohydrates. The bacterial cells which are encapsulated are also densely aggregated. The capsule is not formed and the cells are not aggregated when the bacteria are cultured in complex growth media. The transfer of aggregated cells to a medium devoid of carbon and energy source results in disappearance of the capsule and disaggregation of the cells.     

鼻内镜术与鼻息肉摘除术对鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉患者的鼻腔通气功能、嗅觉功能和生活质量的影响

目的:探讨鼻内镜术与鼻息肉摘除术对鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉患者的鼻腔通气功能、嗅觉功能和生活质量的影响。方法:选取2016年1月-2017年8月期间我院收治的94例鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉患者。根据数表法将患者随机分为对照组(n=47)与研究组(n=47),其中对照组患者行传统鼻息肉摘除术,研究组则行鼻内镜术。观察两组患者临床疗效、临床指标及并发症发生情况,比较两组患者术前、术后6个月鼻腔通气功能、嗅觉功能和生活质量评分。结果:研究组临床总有效率为91.49%(43/47),高于对照组的65.96%(31/47)(P0.05)。研究组患者手术时间、术后住院时间、术中出血量均低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者术后6个月鼻腔通气功能、嗅觉功能评分均较术前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者术后6个月躯体功能(PF)、躯体角色(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、情感角色(RE)以及心理健康(MH)均较术前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组头晕、头痛、流脓涕、鼻塞、复发等并发症发生率均低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉患者采用鼻内镜术治疗,疗效确切,可显著改善患者临床指标、生活质量,对患者鼻腔通气功能、嗅觉功能均有促进作用,且术后并发症少,值得临床推广。     

仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗骨质疏松疼痛患者的疗效及其对骨密度及骨代谢的影响

目的:探讨仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗骨质疏松疼痛患者的疗效,并分析其对骨密度及骨代谢的影响,为临床用药提供依据。方法:研究对象为我院2015年6月-2017年7月期间收治的60例骨质疏松症疼痛患者。根据治疗方案的不同将患者均分为对照组和观察组各30例。对照组患者采用常规西医治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗,两组均治疗6个月。治疗前及治疗6个月后(治疗后)采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分对患者的疼痛程度进行评价。评价并比较两组疗效。分别于治疗前、治疗后对所有患者腰椎、股骨颈骨密度以及血清N端中段骨钙素(N-MID)、骨钙素(BGP)以及I型胶原羧基末端交联肽(β-CTX)进行检测。结果:治疗后,观察组患者VAS评分明显低于对照组(P0.05),且观察组总有效率为93.33%(28/30),高于对照组的73.33%(22/30)(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者腰椎、股骨颈骨密度均明显增加,且观察组患者腰椎骨密度明显高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者β-CTX水平均明显降低,BGP水平均明显升高,且观察组β-CTX水平明显低于对照组,而BGP水平明显高于对照组(P0.05),两组患者治疗前后N-MID水平均无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:仙灵骨葆胶囊治疗骨质疏松症疼痛患者疗效显著,能够减轻疼痛并改善骨密度及骨代谢。     

Perspectives,potentials and trends of ex vivo and in vivo optical molecular pathology

It is pivotal for medical applications, such as noninvasive histopathologic characterization of tissue, to realize label‐free and molecule‐specific representation of morphologic and biochemical composition in real‐time with subcellular spatial resolution. This unmet clinical need requires new approaches for rapid and reliable real‐time assessment of pathologies to complement established diagnostic tools. Photonic imaging combined with digitalization offers the potential to provide the clinician the requested information both under in vivo and ex vivo conditions. This report summarizes photonic approaches and their use in combination with image processing, machine learning and augmented virtual reality that might solve current challenges in modern medicine. Details are given for pathology, intraoperative diagnosis in head and neck cancer and endoscopic diagnosis in gastroenterology.      

三种输尿管镜治疗输尿管上段结石的疗效比较

目的:比较半硬性输尿管镜、输尿管软镜、孙氏末段可弯输尿管镜治疗输尿管上段结石的临床疗效,为临床上治疗方式的选择提供参考。方法:回顾性分析2015年8月到2017年12月间于上海市第十人民医院泌尿外科因输尿管上段结石行输尿管镜下钬激光治疗的515例患者的临床资料。按照所用输尿管镜类型分为3组:硬镜组(给予半硬性输尿管镜治疗)297例,软镜组172例(给予输尿管软镜治疗),孙氏镜组(给予孙氏末段可弯输尿管镜治疗)46例。比较三组的手术时间、一期清石率、术后住院时间及术中、术后并发症。结果:硬镜组、软镜组、孙氏镜组清石率分别为81.5%、94.2%、95.7%,其中软镜组、孙氏镜组清石率显著高于硬镜组(P0.05)。硬镜组、软镜组、孙氏镜组术中并发症发生率分别为18.9%、5.8%、4.3%,其中硬镜组术中并发症发生率显著高于软镜组和孙氏镜组(P0.05),三组术后并发症发生率整体比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。硬镜组、软镜组、孙氏镜组平均手术时间分别为(28.6±6.2)min、(49.4±12.4)min、(26.1±6.5)min,软镜组平均手术时间显著高于硬镜组及孙氏镜组,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。硬镜组、软镜组、孙氏镜组平均住院时间分别为(5.4±3.2)d、(6.7±5.7)d、(5.0±2.5)d,软镜组住院时间显著高于硬镜组和孙氏镜组,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:软镜清石效果和手术安全性较硬镜更有优势,但手术耗时长,患者术后住院时间长。孙氏镜有望成为治疗输尿管上段结石的更佳选择。     

The capsule and slime polysaccharides of the wild type and a phage resistant mutant ofRhodopseudomonas capsulata St. Louis

A rhamnose, galactose and pyruvic acid containing polysaccharide (capsule) together with the peptidoglycan was isolated fromRhodopseudomonas capsulata St. Louis as the insoluble sediment after sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction of cell envelope fractions. Treatment with pronase E separated the soluble polysaccharide from the insoluble peptidoglycan. After lysozyme-digestion, both the capsule polysaccharide and peptidoglycan were soluble.The capsule was also accumulated in the combined interphase/phenol-phase of hot phenol-water extracts of whole cells. Again, the capsule and peptidoglycan were sedimented together as long as no pronase E-treatment was performed. With the phage-resistant mutant (R. capsulata St. Louis RC1^-), no capsule polysaccharide was obtained in the combined interphase/phenol phase.An acidic polysaccharide (slime) different from the capsule in composition and serology was obtained by Cetavlon fractionation of hot phenol/water extracts of cells of both the wild-type and the mutant cells. It was shown to consist mainly of rhamnose, glucosamine and galacturonic acid.The use of O/K-antisera and of capsule polysaccharideantisera allowed a separate visualization of the capsule and slime layers.This paper is dedicated to Professor Hans G. Schoegel on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

Increase of capsular material thickness following in vivo growth of virulent Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains

Abstract Protein profile and capsular material thickness of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains were compared after in vitro and in vivo growth. Three virulent and one avirulent strains were used. These strains were grown in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth, cells were collected by centrifugation, resuspended in a sterile saline solution and injected in diffusion chambers. The devices were then inserted in rat abdomens for 17 h. In vitro grown strains were also inoculated into fresh BHI broth and cultivated for 17 h at 37°C. In vivo as well as in vitro grown bacteria were harvested by centrifugation, processed in a French pressure cell, treated with lysozyme and centrifuged to collect cell proteins for SDS-PAGE analysis. Transmission electron microscopy using polycationic ferritin labeling to stabilize capsular material was also carried out. No significant modification was noted in the protein profile for any strain after in vivo growth except for a 39 kDa protein of one virulent strain. On the other hand, an increase in thickness of capsular material was noted for the three in vivo grown virulent strains while no change was noted for the avirulent strain. This increase in capsular material thickness of virulent strains was accompanied by an increased resistance to killing by pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The capacity to produce more capsular material in vivo seems to be an attribute of some virulent S. suis serotype 2 strains.