三康胶囊对高原移居青年PWC170的影响

目的探讨在高原服用三康胶囊对移居青年体力作业效率的影响.方法对进驻海拔3700 ml年的10名青年在服药前和服药15 d后分别用EGM-II型踏车功量计做坐位蹯车运动,初始负荷功率为50W,每3min递增50W,以60 r/min连续踏车至200w 3 min后终止.用直线回归法计算每位受试者的PWC170.结果服药前PWCl70为(234.63±16.68)W,服药后PWC170为(258.66±16.85)W,服药后较服药前PWG170明显增高,差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论服用三康胶囊能明显提高高原移居青年的心功能及做功效率.     

Encapsulation of the metacercariae of two species of trematodes in the skin and musculature of the stone cockscomb <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alectrias alectrolophus</Emphasis> (Pallas, 1814)

The structure of the coating surrounding the metacercaria of Cryptocotyle lingua in the skin and the metacercaria of Liliatrema skrjabini in the muscles of the stone cockscomb was studied. Metacercariae of these trematodes were surrounded by a cyst adjacent to the helminth and by a capsule. In both species, the cyst consisted of electron- dense homogeneous material, which was probably synthesized by the parasite. The capsules were formed from host tissues; in C. lingua, they mostly consisted of ordered layers of collagen fibers and in L. skrjabini they were formed from fibroblasts and, presumably, phagocytes. The differences in capsule structure of the studied metacercariae may be related to the physiological features of surrounding tissues or to the taxonomic attribution of the trematodes.     

Iron-binding characterization and polysaccharide production by Klebsiella oxytoca strain isolated from mine acid drainage

Aims:  To investigate Klebsiella oxytoca strain BAS-10 growth on ferric citrate under anaerobic conditions for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and localization on cell followed by the purification and the EPS determination of the iron-binding stability constant to EPS or biotechnological applications.
Methods and Results:  Klebsiella oxytoca ferments ferric citrate under anaerobic conditions and produces a ferric hydrogel, whereas ferrous ions were formed in solution. During growth, cells precipitate and a hydrogel formation was observed: the organic material was constituted of an EPS bound to Fe(III) ions, this was found by chemical analyses of the iron species and transmission electron microscopy of the cell cultures. Iron binding to EPS was studied by cyclic voltammetric measurements, either directly on the hydrogel or in an aqueous solutions containing Fe(III)-citrate and purified Fe(III)-EPS. From the voltammetric data, the stability constant for the Fe(III)-EPS complex can be assumed to have values of approx. 10¹²–10¹³. It was estimated that this is higher than for the Fe(III)-citrate complex.
Conclusions:  The production of Fe(III)-EPS under anaerobic conditions is a strategy for the strain to survive in mine drainages and other acidic conditions. This physiological feature can be used to produce large amounts of valuable Fe(III)-EPS, starting from a low cost substrate such as Fe(III)-citrate.
Significant and Impact of the Study:  The data herein demonstrates that an interesting metal-binding molecule can be produced as a novel catalyst for a variety of potential applications and the EPS itself is a valuable source for rhamnose purification.     

双丹胶囊对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用研究

目的：观察双丹胶囊对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的脑梗死体积、自由基变化的影响,探讨双丹胶囊对脑缺血损伤的保护作用。方法：复制大鼠中动脉缺血再灌注模型,分别给药干预,在给药后观察行为学、脑梗死率、脑指数、脑含水量、SOD、MAD等指标。结果：双丹胶囊可改善动物的神经行为学评分,明显降低动物的脑梗死率、脑指数、脑含水量、提高脑组织SOD活性、降低MDA含量,并成剂量依赖。结论：双丹胶囊对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

Stomatal Ultrastructure, Molecular Phylogeny, and Description of Parasitodiplogaster laevigata n. sp. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae), a Parasite of Fig Wasps

Parasitodiplogaster comprises a potentially large radiation of nematode species that appear to be parasitically bound to their Agaonid fig wasp hosts, which are mutualistically associated in the syconia (figs) of the diverse plant genus Ficus. Parasitodiplogaster laevigata n. sp. is described and illustrated as an associate of the fig wasp, Pegoscapus sp. from Ficus laevigata from southern Florida. It is the first species of Parasitodiplogaster reported from North America and is closest to P. trigonema from F. trigonata from Panama. Parasitodiplogaster laevigata n. sp. can be differentiated from all described species of Parasitodiplogaster based on stomatal morphology (presence of a large dorsal and a right subventral tooth) in the adults of both sexes, molecular comparisons of two expansion segments (D2,D3) of the large subunit (LSU) rRNAgene, and fig-fig wasp host affinities. The ultrastructure of P. laevigata n. sp. was elucidated using TEM and SEM for comparisons with other species of Parasitodiplogaster. The stoma of P. laevigata n. sp. possesses a nonsegmented cheilostomal ring that connects to the longitudinal body musculature per- and interradially, a claw-like dorsal tooth, a right subventral tooth, and telostegostomatal apodemes arising from the dorsal side of each subventral sector. The unification of the pro-, meso-, and metastegostom with the gymnostom in P. laevigata n. sp. and further simplification in other described species may be due to derived adaptations associated with the internal parasitism of fig wasps.     

天香胶囊对晕动病模型大鼠行为学与前庭核c-fos蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察中药复方天香胶囊对晕动病模型大鼠行为学与前庭核c-fos蛋白表达的影响。方法:选择雄性SD大鼠并将其随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药组、天香胶囊低、中、高剂量组。灌胃预给药3天后,采用双轴旋转刺激法建立大鼠晕动病模型,通过晕反应指数评分、自发活动实验、异嗜高岭土实验检测各组大鼠行为学变化,Western blotting法与免疫组化法检测各组大鼠前庭核c-fos蛋白的表达。结果:与正常组大鼠相比,模型组大鼠晕反应指数和高岭土摄入量均显著增高,自发活动总路程与次数均显著减少,前庭核c-fos蛋白表达水平显著增高;与模型组相比,天香胶囊可显著降低晕动病模型大鼠晕反应指数与高岭土摄入量,提高自发活动总路程与活动次数,降低大鼠前庭核组织c-fos蛋白表达。结论:天香胶囊可有效改善晕动病模型大鼠的行为学变化,其作用机制可能与下调前庭核c-fos表达有关,提示降低前庭核兴奋性可能是天香胶囊抗晕动病的内在机制之一。     

乳杆菌活菌胶囊辅助治疗妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病疗效观察

目的探讨乳杆菌活菌胶囊辅助治疗妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病疗效观察。方法选取妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者70例,采用随机数字表将纳入患者分为观察组35例和对照组35例。观察组患者予以乳杆菌活菌胶囊联合制菌素阴道栓治疗,对照组予以单纯的制菌素阴道栓治疗,均连用10d。两组患者停药2周后进行临床疗效观察,并比较治疗后随访3个月的复发率。结果治疗后停药2周,观察组患者的临床总有效率（91．43％）明显优于对照组（71．43％）（χ2=4．63,P〈0．05）;治疗后随访观察3个月,对照组复发11例（44．00％）,观察组复发5例（15．63％）,观察组患者复发率明显低于对照组（χ2=5．60,P〈0．05）。结论乳杆菌活菌胶囊辅助治疗妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病疗效好,复发率低,对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病具有治疗和预防复发的双重功效。     

SitA contributes to the virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a mouse infection model

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen, which causes a wide range of nosocomial infections. Recently, antibiotic resistance makes K. pneumoniae infection difficult to deal with. Investigation on virulence determinants of K. pneumoniae can provide more information about pathogenesis and unveil new targets for treatment or vaccine development. In this study, SitA, a Fur-regulated divalent cation transporter, was found significantly increased when K. pneumoniae was cultured in a nutrient-limited condition. A sitA-deletion strain (ΔsitA) was created to characterize the importance of SitA in virulence. ΔsitA showed higher sensitivity toward hydroperoxide than its parental strain. In a mouse intraperitoneal infection model, the survival rate of mice infected with ΔsitA strain increased greatly when compared with that of mice infected with the parental strain, suggesting that sitA deletion attenuates the bacterial virulence in vivo. To test whether ΔsitA strain is a potential vaccine candidate, mice were immunized with inactivated bacteria and then challenged with the wild-type strain. The results showed that using ΔsitA mutant protected mice better than using the wild-type strain or the capsule-negative congenic bacteria. In summary, SitA was found being important for the growth of K. pneumoniae in vivo and deleting sitA might be a potential approach to generate vaccines against K. pneumoniae.     

Sorption of metals by extracellular polymers from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa fo. flos-aquae strain C3-40

The sorption of cadmium (II), copper (II), lead (II),manganese (II), and zinc (II) by purified capsularpolysaccharide from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosafo. flos-aquae strainC3-40 was examined by four methods: equilibriumdialysis, metal removal from solution as detected byvoltammetry, metal accumulation by capsule-containingalginate beads, and calorimetry. The polysaccharide'ssaturation binding capacities for these metals rangedfrom 1.2 to 4 mmol of metal g^-1 of capsule, whichcorresponds to 1 metal equivalent per 2 to 4saccharide subunits of the polymer. Competitionbetween paired metals was tested with simultaneous andsequential additions of metal. Cadmium (II) andlead (II), as well as lead (II) and zinc (II), competedrelatively equally and reciprocally for polymerbinding sites. In contrast, manganese (II) stronglyinhibited the binding of cadmium (II) and lead (II), butitself was not substantially inhibited by either theprior or simultaneous adsorption of cadmium (II) or lead (II).The data are interpreted with respect to overlap ofbinding sites and possibilities of altered polymerconformation or solvation. Calorimetric studies oflead (II) and cadmium (II) association reactions withthe polysaccharide suggest that the enthalpies aresmall and that the reactions may be driven by entropy.     

高温大曲中地衣芽胞杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC 3963)的耐高温特征

【目的】高温大曲的使用是中国酱香型白酒酿造的特征之一,耐高温的细菌是高温大曲中重要的优势功能菌,它们对酱香型白酒的酿造具有重要的价值。研究高温大曲中细菌的耐高温特征对于认识酱香型白酒的酿造特征具有一定的作用。【方法】本文以中国白酒高温大曲中筛选获得的一株具有自主知识产权的耐高温功能细菌地衣芽胞杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)CGMCC 3963为对象,测定其耐高温特征,并首次通过细胞形态学的分析,以及转录组学等技术的应用系统研究了B.licheniformis CGMCC 3963的耐高温机制。【结果】地衣芽胞杆菌B.licheniformis CGMCC 3963能够耐受55℃高温生长。在高温条件下,该菌仍具有较旺盛的代谢生长能力,且产生大量荚膜,同时大量I类热休克蛋白基因以及聚谷氨酸合成基因的表达水平均得到明显提高。【结论】B.licheniformis CGMCC 3963在高温下,I类热休克蛋白以及以聚谷氨酸为主要成分的荚膜大量产生,对功能细菌耐高温具有重要的作用。该结果首次从分子水平认识了中国白酒酿造微生物的耐高温特征,丰富了白酒酿造微生物学的科学理论。