基于谱域相干的细胞动态检测技术

将谱域光学相干层析技术（Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography,SD-OCT）应用于细胞膜厚的动态检测,引入了光谱干涉测量方法,通过对干涉光谱信号进行离散傅里叶变换得到表示物体深度位置信息的光程差信号。搭建了一套SD-OCT测量系统并设计了专门用于细胞检测的样品平台,检测精度达到μm量级,信噪比达70 db,是一种快速、实时、非接触的细胞分子膜厚动态检测技术。     

利用小波变换的一种快速预测基因方法

三周期性是大多数基因组序列的编码区所具有的主要特征.本文提出只计算1/3频率点的傅里叶频谱的快速计算方法,并用它分析DNA序列的三周期性,再利用小波变换在一定尺度下滤波来实现对DNA序列编码区的预测.理论分析和大量计算机实验证实了方法的有效性,预测效果良好.该方法运算快速,不需要任何训练组,也不依赖于现有数据库的信息.     

Can one learn history from the allelic spectrum?

It is well known that the neutral allelic frequency spectrum of a population is affected by the history of population size. A number of authors have used this fact to infer history given observed allele frequency data. We ask whether perfect information concerning the spectrum allows precise recovery of the history, and with an explicit example show that the answer is in the negative. This implies some limitations on how informative allelic spectra can be.     

FTIR and Raman Spectra Compared with Ab Initio Calculated Frequency Modes for 5-Aminouracil

Infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of 5-aminouracil were recorded in the region 200–4,000 cm^− 1. Assuming under the C_s point group that the distribution of the normal mode of vibrations between the two species are planar (a′) and non-planar (a″), given by 25a′ + 11a″ of which 30 modes (21a′ + 9a″) correspond to the uracil moiety and six modes (4a′ + 2a″) correspond to the NH₂ group, with a comparison of theoretically ab initio calculated frequencies, the results are in reasonably good agreement with the experimental IR and Raman spectra. Consistent assignments have been made for the internal modes of the NH₂ group, especially for the anti-symmetric NH₂ stretching and bending modes. The non-equivalence of the two NH bonds of the NH₂ group suggests a difference in the strength of the two hydrogen bonds on the pyrimidine ring. Symmetry and anti-symmetry NH stretching modes of the NH₂ group show the invalidity of the empirical relationship. These two NH₂ stretching frequencies are distinctly separated from the CH/NH ring stretching frequencies. A strong and sharp IR band that acts at 3,380 cm^− 1 could be identified as the anti-symmetric NH₂ mode whereas the band at 3,290 cm^− 1 smaller density could be identified as the symmetric NH₂ stretching mode.     

枯盘斑多毛孢Pf-毒素组分的研究Ⅰ．活性组分Ⅰ的结构分析

以正丁醇：水：甲醇(4：2：1)作洗脱剂,通过硅胶H60型柱反复柱层析,将3种有致病活性的物质充分纯化,在-40℃下冷冻干燥后,它们为褐色深浅不一的蓬松状物质,且极易吸潮。活性组分Ⅰ(Rf0．83)、活性组分Ⅱ(Rf0．79)和活性组分Ⅲ(Rf0．80)对马尾松切根幼苗和湿地松切根幼苗针叶都有致萎作用,通过质谱(MS)、核磁共振谱(^1HNMR、)和红外光谱(IR)等分析手段确定出所分离的活性组分Ⅰ的化学组成为C5H11O5N(M=165)。     

Spectral Test Instrument for Color Vision Measurement

Common displays such as CRT or LCD screens have hmlted capabilities in displaying most color spectra correctly. The main disadvantage of these devices is that they work with three primaries and the colors displayed are the mixture of these three colours. Consequently these devices can be confusing in testing human color identification, because the spectral distribution of the colors displayed is the combined spectrum of the three primaries. We have developed a new instrument for spectrally correct color vision measurement. This instrument uses light emitting diodes (LEDs) and is capable of producing all spectra of perceivable colors, thus with appropriate test methods this instrument can be a reliable and useful tool in testing human color vision and in verifying color vision correction.     

环青海湖地区天然草地时序光谱特征参量分析

获取了环青海湖地区4类主要天然草地2003年5~10月共16个时相的地面高分辨率光谱数据,并利用植被指数技术、导数光谱技术、植被光谱维特征提取模型及包络线归一化技术提取了多个光谱特征参量,通过对各参量在生育期内分布规律的分析,给出了能较好地表征草地生长发育规律时序特征参量的具体分布;最后计算了4类天然草地各时序特征参量的平均散度,结果表明黄边位置λY、红边位置λV、红边斜率SV、绿峰半高宽wλG、红谷半高宽wλR、去包络红谷净面积AR'和归一化植被指数NDV I对于天然草地分类更有效。     

EMG median frequency changes in the neck–shoulder stabilizers of symptomatic office workers when challenged by different physical stressors

The problem of work-related neck and upper limb disorders among computer users has been reported extensively in the literature, and commonly cited risk factors include static posture, speed and force of keyboard operation. The present study examined changes in median frequency (MF) of the neck–shoulder muscles in symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers when they were exposed to these three physical stressors.

A quasi-experimental Case–Control design was used to examine MF changes in two groups of female office workers when they were subjected to controlled doses of computer work involving prolonged static posture, increased typing speed and increased typing force. The MF of four major neck–shoulder muscles were examined bilaterally and compared between groups.

The MF changes over time-at-task did not clearly illustrate any muscle fatigue mechanism. However, Case Group consistently showed trends for higher MF than the Control Group, and this pattern was observed in response to all three physical stressors. The consistent group differences in MF suggest different muscle recruitment strategies between symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers. These results implied that symptomatic individuals had altered motor control, which may have important implications in understanding the etiology of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.     

基于非线性方法的DNA序列分析

以人类DNA序列为原始数据,对其进行数字编码。在利用功率谱分析编码DNA序列的基础上,利用Hurst指数进一步分析序列的自相似性。从分析结果看出,DNA序列中的确存在长程相关现象,而且这种长程相关现象与DNA的组成结构有关,表现为它的结构基团的Hurst指数大于其功能基团的Hurst指数。同时,从内含子含量的角度分析序列的长程相关程度,结果表明,同一序列中,内含子含量与不同的化学基团具有不同的关系。这表明不同的化学结构对DNA序列特征具有不同的贡献。这些结论从非线性方法的角度对DNA序列的分析提供了新的思路。     

植物生活史型的多样性及动态分析

主要阐述了植物生活史型的基本定义和基本模式。根据植物的生态幅（Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　ａｍｐｌｉｔｕｄｅ）、适合度（Ｆｉｔｎｅｓｓ）和能量分配格局将植物生活史型划分出Ｖ生活史型、Ｓ生活史型和ｃ生活史型３个基本类型以及ＶＳ生活史型、ＳＶ生活史型、ｃＳ生活史型、Ｓｃ生活史型等６个具有混合特征的过渡类型。文中分析了权衡（丁ｒａｄｅ—ｏｆｆ）植物生活史各阶段的能量需求,使之合理地进行能量分配,进而使植物生活史型获得最佳的繁殖和存活效益以及最大的适合度的重要性,指出韧生代谢和次生代谢增值物生活史型及其生活史型之间相互转换的密切关系。韧生代谢物质主要用于营养生长,次生代谢物质主要用于促进繁育和拮抗环境胁迫。植物生活史型在特定时空中依生境的连续变化而发生相互转换,呈现出具动态特征的植物生活史型诺。提出了植物生活史型的形成机制,即生境中的资源状况和干扰程度构成了环境筛的径度,进而形成选择压力,以使植物按需分配能量,合成初级代谢产物或次级代谢产物来应对选择压力,形成自身的生态幅和适应对策,最终与生境相互作用过程中表现出的适合度来表征相应的生活史型。还提出了植物生活史型之间相互转化的机制,即每一种植物生活史型均有与该生活史型相对应的生境类型、选择压力、代谢物质和生活史对策,由于时空的连续变化,生境类型也发生过渡性变化,形成过渡类型（ＥＤ、ＤＥ、ＤＦ、ＦＤ）,因而导致选择压力、代谢物质、生活史对策也发生过渡性变化,形成过渡类型ＬＭ、ＭＬ、ＭＨ、ＨＭ、ＫＲ、ＲＫ、ＲＴ、ＴＲ、ＢＰ、ＰＢ、ＰＡ、ＡＰ,最终通过ＶＳ、ＳＶ、ＳＣ、ＣＳ等过渡类型的形成而实现植物生活史型之间的相互转换。文中以高山红景天（Ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａ　ｓａｃｈａｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）等５种植物生活史型谱为例,分析了各植物生活史型谱的动态特征并指出：Ｖ生活史型的植物因营养体较为发达、寿命较长,且能通过正常的有性生殖繁衍后代,通常都能产生稳定种群;以Ｓ生活史型为主的植物,因台子中含有来自双亲的两套基因,故有性生殖过程能产生较多遗传性不同的后代,使种群的适应环境变化的能力加强,因而容易形成爆发种群;以ｃ生活史型为主的植物,其遗传物质与母体完全相同,故种群适应环境变化的能力较弱,因而容易导致种群濒危。