Growth standards for the tibia and radius in children aged one month through eighteen years

Standards for the growth of the tibia and the radius are presented for normal males and females ages one month through 18 years. Using radiographs of subjects from the Fels Research Institute for the Study of Human Development longitudinal program, means and standard deviations for bone length, interval increments and annual increments were determined. Males and females show little difference in growth of the tibia until adolescence while statistically significant differences are found at nearly all ages in the radius. The adolescent growth spurt occurs in the male from 12–15 years and in the female from 9–12 years.     

湖北白龙洞遗址骨化石表面的黑色膜壳状物质

本文采用扫描电镜/能谱、X-射线衍射、红外光谱分析等不同检测方法,对湖北郧西县白龙洞红色黏土地层中出土的骨化石表面黑色膜壳状物质进行检测分析。分析结果为骨化石表面黑色膜壳层中含有碳羟磷灰石[Ca10(PO4)3(CO3)3(OH)2]、方解石(CaCO3),以及菱铁矿(FeCO3)、赤铁矿(Fe2O3)、磷铁矿[Fe25(PO4)14(OH)24]等。其中显色物相主要为菱铁矿、赤铁矿与磷铁矿的共生沉积物。菱铁矿、赤铁矿与磷铁矿三者共生, 使骨化石表面膜壳状矿物质层整体颜色呈现为黑色。该层黑色膜壳状矿物质层的形成原因, 与化石周围土壤中的CO32-和Fe有关。该层黑色膜壳状矿物质的存在, 对红色黏土中骨化石长期保存有一定保护作用, 它能阻隔和减轻埋藏环境中酸性腐蚀、地层挤压等自然原因对化石标本造成破坏, 因此也使骨化石能够保存得较为完整。     

Les Lagomerycidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) de FranceThe French Lagomerycidae (Cervoidea, Artiodactyla, Mammalia)

The Lagomerycidae, a small family of the Cervoidea, is known in France by the genera Lagomeryx, Ligeromeryx and Stephanocemas. Lagomeryx contains three species, the other two genera one species only. This family is known from MN3 to MN5.     

上肢长骨的性别判别分析研究

本文对100例(男女各50)国人上肢骨进行了36项测量。统计结果显示所有测量项目均值男性都大于女性并具有显著性的差异。本研究表明可以采用单一指标对破损严重的肢骨进行性别鉴定。36个测量项目中有23项单一指标性别判别率达75％以上,其中9项在80％以上。本文采用Fisher判别分析法建立了56项单一肢骨性别判别函数,判别率为80％—87％。为进一步提高判别效果,采用逐步判别分析法建立了四项逐步性别判别函数,判别率达90％以上。     

Changes in enzyme activities involved in the degradation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate during erythropoiesis in rat bone marrow

Rat bone marrow cells have been fractionated by density gradient in Percoll. Differential counting of erythroid cells, haemoglobin concentration and bisphosphoglycerate mutase and phosphoglycerate kinase activities have been determined in cellular fractions. As shown by means of a statistical approach, an increase in bisphosphoglycerate mutase activity and a slight decrease in phosphoglycerate kinase activity is found in erythroid cells as their haemoglobin content increases. Our results suggest that there is a synthesis of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate during the erythropoietic process which parallels the synthesis of haemoglobin.     

Migration patterns of proteins in ancient human bones detected by SDS electrophoresis

Purified and ultraconcentrated extracts of 7 burial remains from different areas and various periods (from IV B.C. to 1300–1400 A.D.) were repeatedly submitted to electrophoresis in SDS. Five bands: A, B, C, D, E (from the slowest to the fastest) were identified altogether. Band B appears to be the most resistant, because it is present in all the samples with reactivity. Proteins corresponding to the five bands have molecular weights comprised between 65000 and 45000 in agreement with other authors.     

Cyclic nucleotides and haemoglobin concentration in rabbit bone marrow cell suspensions stimulated by purified erythropoietin

This study was conducted to determine the possible correlations between cyclic nucleotides cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanine monophosphate (cGMP), and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in nucleated cell suspensions of rabbit bone marrow incubated with erythropoietin (Ep). The levels of cAMP and cGMP were measured following the addition of different Ep concentrations to the suspensions. The Hb concentration was also measured in suspensions treated with Ep, dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP) or dibutyryl cGMP (db-cGMP), respectively. The following results were obtained: (1) upon the addition of 1 IU ml-1 Ep, an increase of cAMP levels was related to an increase in Hb concentration; while a decrease of Hb concentration was related to an increase of cGMP levels obtained when 0.1 IU ml-1 Ep was present in the incubation mixture. (2) A mimetic effect on Hb concentration was obtained upon the addition of db-cAMP or db-cGMP to the suspensions. (3) A quantitative correlation was found between the cAMP/cGMP ratio and Hb levels in cellular suspensions. This rapport was reviewed with respect to the controls as a decrease in Hb concentration when the ratio is less than one and an increase in Hb concentration when the ratio is greater than one.