不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙对老年冠心病合并高脂血症患者血脂水平的影响分析

目的:探讨在瑞舒伐他汀不同剂量下对治疗对冠心病合并高血脂症的老年患者的血脂功能水平的影响。方法:回顾性选取我院接诊的冠心病老年患者120例,且经过血脂检查全部属于高血脂症,按照使用瑞舒伐他汀的剂量不同,分为三组各40例患者,分别给予剂量为5 mg、10 mg和20 mg,以治疗后2个月为观察期,比较治疗前后患者的血脂水平变化及临床有效率。结果:(1)20mg组患者的血脂水平HDL-C[(1.17±0.62)mmol/L]比其他两组明显上升,LDL-C[(3.67±0.83)mmol/L]、TC[(4.36±0.96)mmol/L]、TG[(1.68±0.94)mmol/L]也下降较另外两组明显(P均0.05);(2)20 mg组的治疗有效率为(97.5%)明显高于5mg组(87.5%)和10mg组(85.0%)(P均0.05)。结论:瑞舒伐他汀治疗冠心病合并高血脂症的老年患者,选择20 mg剂量可显著改善患者的血脂水平,且具有较高的治疗有效率,是一种使用方便,临床效果明显的给药方式。     

晚期NSCLC患者血液EGFR基因检测研究进展

目的:随着表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor,EGFR-TKI)在非小细胞肺癌(Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,NSCLC)治疗中的应用,患者的生活质量及生存期均有很大程度的提高,但是,组织表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)检测结果为能否接受EGFR-TKI治疗的先决条件,而晚期肺癌患者却因组织量少、质量不佳、组织异质性无法进行检测,血液EGFR检测便应运而生,本研究将综述晚期非小细胞肺癌(Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,NSCLC)患者血液EGFR基因检测研究。方法:检索Pub-med、SCI、Medline及中国生物文献数据库中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血液EGFR基因检测的相关研究。结果:对于晚期NSCLC患者,血液EGFR基因检测有较高的敏感度与特异度,并且能够较好的预测患者对EGFR-TKI的疗效以及进行耐药监测。结论:当组织获取困难及质量不佳时,血液可替代组织行EGFR基因检测。     

稳心颗粒与瑞舒伐他汀治疗老年冠心病的临床疗效及安全性

目的:探究稳心颗粒联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗老年冠心病患者临床疗效及安全性。方法:选取42例本院收治的老年冠心病患者,按照随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组。对照组21例,予美托洛尔片25 mg,起始量12.5 mg/日口服,日2次,如无首剂反应将剂量加至25 mg/日,日2次,瑞舒伐他汀片10 mg口服,日1次;实验组21例予稳心颗粒9g温开水冲服,日3次,瑞舒伐他汀10 mg口服,日1次。治疗28天后,观察和比较两组患者治疗前后CK-MB、肝功能及临床疗效。结果:治疗后,实验组有效率(95.2%)显著高于对照组(81.0%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)、胱抑素C水平、左室射血分数(LVEF)均升高(P0.05),总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平及磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平均降低(P0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组LVEF及胱抑素C水平较高(P0.05)。结论:稳心颗粒联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗老年冠心病患者可有效降低血脂,缓解患者胸闷、心悸等症状,对肝脏及肾脏功能损伤小,且安全性高。     

阻塞性黄疸患者总胆汁酸的表达及与血脂水平的关系研究

目的:探讨阻塞性黄疸(OJ)患者血清总胆汁酸(TBA)水平与血脂水平的关系。方法:选择2015年5月到2015年12月我院收治的70例OJ患者作为观察组,同期选择70例健康人员作为对照组。检测并比较两组血清TBA、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白AI(Apo AI)、载脂蛋白B(Apo B)、脂蛋白α[Lp(α)]、总胆红素(T-Bil)及直接胆红素(D-Bil)水平,并分析血清TBA与血脂水平的关系。结果:观察组患者的血清TBA、TG、TC、Apo B、T-Bil及D-Bil水平均明显低于对照组,血清LDL-C、HDL-C、Apo AI及Lp(α)水平均明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson直线相关性分析结果表明,血清TBA水平与血清TG、TC、Apo B、T-Bil及D-Bil呈正相关性,与血清LDL-C、HDL-C、Apo AI及Lp(α)水平呈负相关性。结论:OJ患者体内存在血脂水平紊乱,血清TBA可能是导致OJ患者血脂代谢紊乱的重要因素。     

美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清炎症因子与凝血指标的影响

目的:分析美沙拉嗪对溃疡性结肠炎患者血清炎症因子与凝血指标的影响。方法:按抽签法将102例溃疡性结肠炎患者分作对照组和研究组,各51例,对照组治疗采用柳氮磺胺吡啶,研究组治疗采用美沙拉嗪,观察两组治疗前后血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),血小板(PLT)、纤维蛋白原(Fg)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、D-二聚体(D-D)水平,氧化应激指标,免疫功能,临床疗效及安全性。结果:治疗后,研究组患者血清IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、Fg、D-D水平及PLT均显著低于对照组,PT高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组氧化应激过氧化脂质(LPO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、免疫功能(CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+)改善均优于对照组(P0.05)。研究组总有效率高于对照组,不良反应率低于对照组,均有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:美沙拉嗪治疗溃疡性结肠炎患者可显著抑制炎症,改善氧化应激状态,纠正凝血功能障碍并改善免疫功能,且临床疗效和安全性均较好。     

Effects of novel triple-stage antimalarial ionic liquids on lipid membrane models

Primaquine-based ionic liquids, obtained by acid-base reaction between parent primaquine and cinnamic acids, were recently found as triple-stage antimalarial hits. These ionic compounds displayed significant activity against both liver- and blood-stage Plasmodium parasites, as well as against stage V P. falciparum parasites. Remarkably, blood-stage activity of the ionic liquids against both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) P. falciparum strains was clearly superior to those of the respective covalent (amide) analogues and of parent primaquine. Having hypothesized that such behaviour might be ascribed to an enhanced ability of the ionic compounds to permeate into Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes, we have carried out a differential scanning calorimetry-based study of the interactions between the ionic liquids and membrane models. Results provide evidence, at the molecular level, that the primaquine-derived ionic liquids may contribute to an increased permeation of the parent drug into malaria-infected erythrocytes, which has relevant implications towards novel antimalarial approaches based on ionic liquids.     

Effects of electromagnetic pulse exposure on gelatinase of blood–brain barrier in vitro

The biological effects of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) on the brain have been focused on for years. It was reported that gelatinase played an important role in maintaining brain function through regulating permeability in the blood–brain barrier (BBB). To investigate the effects of EMP on gelatinase of BBB, an in vitro BBB model was established using primary cultured rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC), astrocytes and half-contact culture of these cells in a transwell chamber. Cultured supernatant and cells were collected at different time points after exposure to EMP (peak intensity 400 kV/m, rise time 10 ns, pulse width 350 ns, 0.5 pps and 200 pulses). Protein levels of cellular gelatinase MMP-2 and MMP-9, and endogenous inhibitor TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were detected by Western blot. The activity of gelatinase in culture supernatant was detected by gelatin zymography. It was found that compared with the sham-exposed group, the protein level of MMP-2 was significantly increased at 6 h (p < 0.05), and the protein level of its endogenous inhibitor TIMP-2 did not change after EMP exposure. In addition, the protein levels of MMP-9 and its endogenous inhibitor TIMP-1 did not change after EMP exposure. Gelatin zymography results showed that the activity of MMP-2 in the inner pool and the outer pool of the transwell chamber was significantly increased at 6 h after EMP exposure compared with that of the sham group. These results suggested that EMP exposure could affect the expression and activity of MMP-2 in the BBB model.     

A continuum mechanics model for the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect

The decrease in apparent relative viscosity that occurs when blood is made to flow through a tube whose diameter is less than about 0.3 mm is a well-known and documented phenomenon in physiology, known as the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect. However, since the historical work of Fåhræus and Lindqvist (Amer. J. Physiol. 96(3): pp. 562–568, 1931), the underlying physical mechanism has remained enigmatic. A widely accepted qualitative explanation was provided by Haynes (Amer. J. Physiol. 198, pp. 1193–1200, 1960) according to which blood flows in microvessels with a core-annulus structure, where the erythrocytes concentrate within a central core surrounded by a plasma layer. Although sustained by observations, this conjecture lacks a rigorous deduction from the basic principles of continuum dynamics. Moreover, relations aimed to reproduce the blood apparent relative viscosity, extensively used in micro-circulation, are all empirical and not derived from the analysis of the fluid mechanical phenomena involved. In this paper, we apply the recent results illustrated in Guadagni and Farina (Int. J. Nonlinear Mech. 126, p. 103587, 2020), with the purpose of showing that Haynes’ conjecture, slightly corrected to make it more realistic, can be proved and can be used to reach a sound explanation of the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect based on continuum mechanics. We propose a theoretical model for the blood apparent relative viscosity which is validated by matching not only the original experimental data reported by Fåhræus and Lindqvist (Amer. J. Physiol. 96(3), pp. 562–568, 1931), but also those provided by several subsequent authors.     

年龄和性别因素对封闭群草原兔尾鼠正常血液生化指标的影响

目的　探讨性别和年龄因素对封闭群草原兔尾鼠正常血液生化指标的影响。方法　利用雅培(AEROSET)全自动血液生化测定仪对雄性组、雌性组、1月龄 2月龄组和 2 4月龄组封闭群草原兔尾鼠的 2 3项血液正常生化指标进行了测定。结果　两年龄组各指标间以及两性别组各指标间均无统计学差异。结论　本实验中封闭群草原兔尾鼠的性别因素和年龄 (1月龄 - 2月龄年龄段和 2 4月龄年龄段 )因素对测定的 2 3项正常血液生化指标没有显著影响。