The Reaction of Enamines with N-Dialkylchloramines

The reaction of dialkylchloramines with N-dialkyl-substituted aminoisobutenes was shown to give a mixture of the two α-dialkylaminoaldehydes, which were derived not only from the addition of chloramine, but also from the rearrangement of amino group in the parent enamines. The results suggested an ionic path involving a. cyclic dialkylaziridinium ion as intermediate. The possible mechanism of these reactions was discussed.     

Oral Administration of an Immunostimulatory DNA Sequence from Bifidobacterium longum Improves Th1/Th2 Balance in a Murine Model

We have reported the antiallergic activities of the immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) BL07S, identified from genomic DNA of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 from in vitro and in vivo studies. The present study evaluated the efficiency of ODN BL07S in preventing allergic responses by oral administration. Oral administration of BL07S suppressed serum ovalbumin (OVA)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels and improved the OVA-specific IgG2a/IgG1 ratio. ODN BL07S increased Th1 cytokine and decreased Th2 cytokine production in splenocytes. These results suggest that immunostimulatory ODNs are potentially associated with the antiallergic effects of probiotics.     

实时荧光定量PCR法研究溃疡性结肠炎患者肠道双歧杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属及拟杆菌属量的变化

目的应用荧光定量PCR技术对人粪便内双歧杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属及拟杆菌属进行定量检测,揭示肠道相关菌群改变在溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis,UC）发病中的作用及意义。方法分别设计双歧杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属及拟杆菌属的特异性引物。收集溃UC患者粪便标本60份及正常对照标本60份,提取细菌基因组DNA,应用实时荧光定量PCR反应测定细菌的数量。结果UC患者组双歧杆菌属及柔嫩梭菌属的数量较正常对照组明显减少（P〈0．05）,而拟杆菌属的数量较正常对照组明显增多（P〈0．05）,差异有统计学意义。结论UC患者粪便中双歧杆菌属及柔嫩梭菌属的数量较正常对照明显减少,而拟杆菌属的数量较正常对照明显增多,提示肠道菌群与UC的发生、发展有一定的关系。     

双歧醋对高脂饮食大鼠血脂的影响

目的 探讨双歧醋对高脂饮食大鼠血脂的影响作用.方法 48只SD大鼠被随机分成双歧醋低剂量组[1.8 mL/( kg·BW)]、中剂量组[3.4 mL/(kg · BW)]、高剂量组[6.8 mL/(kg · BW)]和市售醋组[3.4 mL/( kg·BW)]、高脂模型组以及正常组,观察双歧醋对高脂饮食大鼠血脂的影响作用,测定指标包括大鼠体重、肝指数、体脂指数、病理学观察肝脏脂肪变性等.结果 实验结果显示,双歧醋各组所有测定指标值都较高脂模型组有明显好转,特别是甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平双歧杆菌醋的高、中量组与市售醋组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 双歧醋能有效预防高脂饮食大鼠的血脂水平升高,对预防体重、肝指数升高和肝脏脂肪变性也有一定作用.     

爱灵生乐（2036）螺旋藻双歧胶囊对抗生素相关性腹泻小鼠的治疗作用

目的采用盐酸林克霉素诱发小鼠相关性腹泻模型,观察螺旋藻、婴儿型双歧杆菌及其混合物爱灵生乐（2036）螺旋藻双歧胶囊（胶囊内容物,含婴儿型双歧杆菌、螺旋藻,下同）对抗生素相关性腹泻小鼠的治疗作用。方法经口投予盐酸林克霉素0.15 g/（d.鼠）,连续3 d,然后经口分别给予螺旋藻、双歧杆菌及爱灵生乐（2036）螺旋藻双歧胶囊1.66 g/（kg.b.w）,连续5 d。结果经口投予螺旋藻、婴儿型双歧杆菌及爱灵生乐（2036）螺旋藻双歧胶囊1.66 g/（kg.b.w）,连续5 d,能有效改善盐酸林克霉素诱发的小鼠相关性腹泻症状,特别是给予爱灵生乐（2036）螺旋藻双歧胶囊组,可有效治疗盐酸林克霉素诱发小鼠相关性腹泻。结论螺旋藻与双歧杆菌复合制剂对抗生素相关性腹泻有明确治疗作用。     

Effects of green tea consumption on human fecal microbiota with special reference to Bifidobacterium species

Green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Its beneficial health effects and components have been extensively reviewed. However, little is known about the influence of green tea consumption on the human intestinal microbiota (HIM), which plays a crucial role in human health. Ten volunteers who did not usually consume green tea, drank it for 10 days and then stopped drinking it for 7 days. Their fecal samples were collected at three time points: before beginning the 10‐day green‐tea regime, at the conclusion of that 10 days, and 7 days after stopping the regime. Their fecal samples were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism with specific primer‐restriction enzyme systems for HIM and by using a real‐time PCR method for the Bifidobacterium species. Although the HIM of each subject was relatively stable, the proportion of Bifidobacterium species played an important role in the classification of their fecal microbiota. Although there were inter‐individual differences in the Bifidobacterium species, an overall tendency for the proportion of bifidobacteria to increase because of green tea consumption was noted. However, little change was observed in the composition of Bifidobacterium species in each sample. This suggests that the change in proportion was induced, not by an inter‐species transition, but by an intra‐species increase and/or decrease. In conclusion, green tea consumption might act as a prebiotic and improve the colon environment by increasing the proportion of the Bifidobacterium species.     

以双歧杆菌为载体实现量子点在体靶向肿瘤的可行性研究

应用双歧双歧杆菌作为量子点输送载体,为小动物在体生物肿瘤成像提供依据. 采用电穿孔方法,将
二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱（DPPC）包被的硫硒镉水溶性量子点转入细菌内,得到“量子点-细菌”复合探针,在
“量子点-细菌”表面通过1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺 (EDC)活化法进一步偶联叶酸分子,制得
“量子点-细菌-叶酸”复合纳米生物探针. 将纳米生物探针经尾静脉注入Lewis肺癌小鼠体内,采用冰冻组
织切片,考察探针在小鼠体内脏器及肿瘤的分布情况. 结果表明,在肿瘤部位检测到较强的量子点光致发光
信号,而在肺、肝、脾等脏器中只检测到微弱的量子点发光信号. “量子点-细菌-叶酸”复合纳米生物探
针小动物在体肿瘤靶向成像是可行的.     

双歧杆菌对窒息新生儿红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 :研究双歧杆菌活菌制剂对窒息新生儿红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法 :窒息新生儿 38例随机分为金双歧治疗组 (简称治疗组 ) 2 0例和非金双歧治疗组 (简称对照组 ) 1 8例。于生后 2 4h内采血检测红细胞C3b受体花环率 (E C3bRR)和红细胞免疫复合物花环率 (E ICR) ,随后予以脱水、止惊等常规治疗 ,治疗组加金双歧 (双歧杆菌活菌制剂 )口服 7d ,并于第 7～ 8天各组再次抽血进行上述检测。结果 :生后第 1天两组新生儿E C3bRR和E ICR差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5) ;7～ 8d时治疗组E C3bRR为 (1 9 2 0±4 1 2 ) %显著高于对照组 (1 2 2 7%± 3 63 % ,p <0 0 5) ,E ICR为 (1 1 53± 3 1 8) %显著低于对照组(1 5 40 %± 3 0 2 % ,p <0 0 5)。 结论 :双歧杆菌可使红细胞免疫功能上调 ,从而增强窒息新生儿的抗感染能力和减轻脑的缺血性损伤     

螺旋藻及其水提物对肠道菌群体外生长的影响

体外观察螺旋藻及其水提物对肠道菌群生长的影响。结果表明 ,螺旋藻及其水提物对双歧杆菌和乳杆菌和生长具有显著的促进作用 (培养 48h,P<0 .0 0 1) ,对肠道其他菌亦有不同程度的促进作用 ,而对大肠埃希菌的促生长作用不显著 (P>0 .0 5 )。     

双歧杆菌四联活菌在预防小儿抗生素相关性腹泻的临床应用

目的探讨双歧杆菌四联活菌预防小儿抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）的临床效果。方法132例住院患儿随机分成2组;对照组常规抗感染治疗,预防组在此基础上加用口服双歧杆菌四联活菌片。结果对照组72例发生腹泻27例（37.5%）,预防组60例,发生腹泻10例（16.7%）（χ^2=7.58,P〈0.01）;发生腹泻次数：对照组为（6.42±2.66）次/d,预防组为（3.92±1.03）次/d（t=3.29,P〈0.01）;腹泻平均持续时间：对照组为（4.97±1.20）d,预防组为（3.90±1.02）d（t=5.60,P〈0.01）,2组比较差异均有显著性。结论口服双歧杆菌四联活菌制剂可以减少小儿抗生素相关性腹泻的发生率。