Association between cervical lesion grade and micronucleus frequency in the Papanicolaou test

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and the cellular changes detected in the conventional Papanicolaou test. One hundred and seventy-four Papanicolaou test smears with cellular changes were examined. MN screening was done in cytopathological smears by counting 1,000 cervical cells in a light microscope. MN frequencies were significantly higher in the group with cellular changes compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The mean MN frequencies were 0.95 ± 1.12 (mean ± SD) in the control group (n = 223), 2.98 ± 1.20 in individuals with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) (n = 50), 4.04 ± 1.45 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I (n = 52), 5.97 ± 1.83 in CIN II (n = 30), 7.29 ± 1.55 in CIN III (n = 17) and 8.64 ± 1.55 in invasive cancer (n = 25). These findings suggest that MN monitoring should be included as an additional criterion for the early detection of cytogenetic damage in routine examinations. This monitoring should be done in the same smear as used for cytopathological examination. More specific and systematic studies are necessary to confirm this proposal.     

Modulation of sialic acid-binding proteins of rat uterus in response to changing hormonal milieu

A group of sialic acid binding (SAS) agglutinins has been isolated from the rat uteri at different stages [Proestrus (P), estrus (E) and diestrus (D)] of estrous cycle. Studies of biochemical properties indicate that SAS agglutinins are glycoprotein in nature having molecular weights between 28–31 Kd and microheterogenous pI. Function-based characterization revealed that inspite of the fact that all three proteins exhibit sialic acid binding property, the sialic acid binding affinities, calculated from Scatchard analysis, using 4-methylumbelliferyl sialic acid as a ligand, varied in stage specific manner (Ka:D-SAS-9.03×10⁵ M^–1, P-SAS-2.33×10⁵ M^–1, E-SAS-2.13×10⁵ M^–1). Circular dichroism spectra of these three agglutinins suggested that differences exist in the secondary structures of the proteins isolated from different stages. Removal of carbohydrate moiety by trifluoromethane sulfonic acid treatment and CNBr cleavage studies showed some homology between these proteins, however, the variation in the carbohydrate moiety was apparent from the sugar analysis data. Functionally and immunologically these proteins can be grouped as estrogenic and progestogenic SAS agglutinins.     

Effects of Chronic Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Administration to Rats with Partial Flmbrial Transections on Presynaptic Cholinergic Parameters and Muscarinic Receptors in the Hippocampus: Comparison with Nerve Growth Factor

Abstract: The present study compares the effects of chronic administration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) on various hippocampal cholinergic parameters in rats with partial unilateral fimbrial transections. Lesions resulted in marked reductions of several presynaptic cholinergic parameters: choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity (by 50%), [³H]-acetylcholine ([³H]ACh) synthesis (by 59%), basal and ve-ratridine (1 μM)-evoked [³H]ACh release (by 44 and 57%, respectively), and [³H]vesamicol binding site densities (by 35%). In addition, [³H]AF-DX 116/muscarinic M₂ binding site densities were also modestly decreased (by 23%). In contrast, [³H]pirenzepine/muscarinic M₁ and [³H]AF-DX 384/muscarinic M₂/M₄ binding site densities were not altered by the lesions, nor were they affected by any of the treatments. Intracerebroventricular administration of bFGF (10 ng, every other day, for 21 days) partially prevented the lesion-induced deficit in hippocampal ChAT activity, an effect that was not markedly different from that measured in the NGF-treated (1 μg intracerebroventricularly, every other day, for 21 days) rats. In rats treated with a combination of bFGF and NGF, ChAT activity was not different from that in rats treated with the individual factors alone. In contrast, the lesion-induced deficits in the other cholinergic parameters were not attenuated by bFGF treatment, although they were at least partially prevented by NGF administration. To determine whether higher concentrations of bFGF are necessary to affect cholinergic parameters other than hippocampal ChAT activity, rats were treated with 1 μg (every other day, 21 days) of the growth factor. In this group of rats, detrimental effects of bFGF, manifested by an increased death rate (46%), and marked reductions in body weight of the survivors, were observed. In addition, this concentration of bFGF appeared to exacerbate the lesion-induced reduction in [³H]ACh synthesis by hippocampal slices; [³H]ACh synthesis in lesioned hippocampi represented 36 and 52% of that in contralateral unlesioned hippocampi for the bFGF-treated and control groups, respectively. In conclusion, although bFGF administration attenuates the deficit in hippocampal ChAT activity induced by partial fimbrial transections, this does not appear to translate into enhanced functional capacity of the cholinergic terminals. This is clearly in contrast to NGF, which enhances not only hippocampal ChAT activity, but also other parameters indicative of increased function in the cholinergic terminals.     

TURP联合经尿道膀胱颈切开术治疗小体积前列腺增生所致膀胱出口梗阻的疗效分析

目的:探讨经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)联合经尿道膀胱颈切开术(TUIBN)治疗小体积前列腺增生(BPH)所致膀胱出口梗阻的疗效。方法:选择2009年1月~2013年12月我院收治的小体积BPH患者,其中单纯经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP组)48例,经尿道前列腺电切术联合经尿道膀胱颈切开术(TURP+TUIBN组)48例。比较两组的术前、术后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、残余尿量(PVR)、最大尿流率(Qmax)等,以及术后并发症的发生情况。结果:TURP+TUIBN组术中出血量较TURP组明显增多(P0.05),两组手术时间、组织切除质量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);与TURP组比较,TURP+TUIBN组术后6个月IPSS评分、PVR明显下降,Qmax、膀胱压力明显上升(P0.05);TURP+TUIBN组并发症发生率为4.2%,显著低于TURP组16.7%(P0.05)。结论:TURP+TUIBN治疗小体积前BPH所致膀胱出口梗阻,可彻底切除增生腺体,消除小体积BPH的各种梗阻因素,减少术后膀胱颈挛缩的发生。     

腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术与阴式子宫全切除术治疗子宫良性病变的临床比较

目的:探究阴式子宫全切除术与腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术治疗子宫良性病变的临床效果。方法:选择2011年10月~2013年9月我院收治的子宫良性病变的患者120例,其中行腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术80例(研究组)和行阴式子全宫切除术40例(对照组),观察并分析两组的临床指标及手术并发症。结果:研究组住院费用明显高于对照组(P0.05),手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间均低于对照组(P0.05);研究组无邻近脏器损伤,对照组输尿管损伤2例(5.00%),研究组患者出现手术损伤率明显低于对照组,差异存在统计学差异(x2=3.968,P=0.046);对两组患者术后随访1年,两组患者均无出现再手术情况;两组患者术后阴道残端均愈合较好,未出现阴道残端漏,患者无大小便困难及其他不适。结论:腹腔镜辅助下阴式子宫切除术治疗子宫良性病变疗效优于阴式子宫全切术,其手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间均较低,创伤小,更有利于患者恢复健康,在临床上值得应用推广。     

Oral mucosal lesions in denture wearers

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00289.x
Oral mucosal lesions in denture wearers Objective: To determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) and denture‐related mucosal lesions (DMLs) in denture wearers and to co‐relate the prevalence with age, gender, type of denture and any systemic conditions. Materials and methods: Dental records of 380 denture wearers were retrospectively reviewed for OMLs and DMLs. Results: We found 45% of the denture wearers had DMLs and 60.8% had OMLs not related to denture wearing. Although the prevalence of DMLs was higher in complete denture wearers than in partial denture wearers (49% vs. 42.2%), this difference was not significant. The most common DMLs were traumatic ulcer (19.5%) and denture‐induced stomatitis (18.1%). When analysed by type, traumatic ulcer, denture hyperplasia, frictional keratosis and candidiasis were more common in complete denture wearers, whereas denture‐induced stomatitis was more common in partial denture wearers. Frictional keratosis was more common in men than in women. The prevalence of OMLs not related to denture wearing was higher in complete denture wearers than in partial denture wearers, and the most common OML was fissured tongue (27.6%). No association between DMLs and systemic conditions or xerostomic drugs was noted. Conclusion: No differences in the prevalence of DMLs in association with denture type were found. The prevalence of OMLs not related to denture wearing was higher in complete denture wearers than in partial denture wearers. This difference was affected by age, and the data were similar to the findings observed in the elderly.     

Ultrastructural changes at gap junctions between lesioned crayfish axons

Summary In crayfish, the severed distal segment of single lateral giant axon (SLGA) often survives for at least 10 months after lesioning if this segment retains a septal region of apposition with an adjacent, intact SLGA. In control (unsevered) SLGAs, this septal region usually contains gap junctions and 50–60 nm vesicles near the axolemma of both SLGAs. From 1–14 days after lesioning, the distal segment of a severed SLGA undergoes obvious ultrastructural changes in mitochondria and neurotubular organization compared to control SLGAs or to adjacent, intact SLGAs in the same animal. Gap junctions are very difficult to locate in severed SLGAs within 24 h after lesioning. From two weeks to ten months after lesioning, the surviving stumps of severed SLGAs often appear remarkably normal except that structures normally associated with the presence of gap junctions remain very difficult to find.These and other data suggest that SLGA distal segments receive trophic support from adjacent, intact SLGAs. The mechanism of this support probably could not be via diffusion across gap junctions between intact and severed SLGAs since gap junctions largely disappear after lesioning. However, trophic maintenance could occur via the exocytotic — pinocytotic action of 50–60 nm vesicles which are always present on both sides of the septum between an intact SLGA and a severed SLGA distal segment.This work was supported by NIH research grant NS-14412 and and RCDA 00070 to G.D.B.     

Different long-term effects of bilateral and unilateral nucleus basalis lesions on rat cerebral cortical neurotransmitter content

Young adult rats received either unilateral or bilateral ibotenic acid infusions in their nucleus basalis, destroying most of the cholinesterase-staining neurons in that region. Cerebral cortex levels of choline acetyltransferase, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and monoamines were then assayed 2.5 and 10 months after bilateral lesions, or, 2.5, 10, and 14 months after unilateral lesions. Entorhinal and cerebral cortex levels of several amino acid transmitters were also measured. As expected, choline acetyltransferase activity was decreased in the frontal cortex ipsilateral to the ibotenic acid infusion in unilaterally or bilaterally lesioned animals. Parietal cortex concentrations of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y were altered by lesioning in a complicated, time-dependent manner. Thus, while unilateral lesions transiently decreased or had no effect on these neuropeptide levels, bilateral lesions elevated the level of each neuropeptide by over 100% at 10 months. Other cortical transmitter systems investigated appeared to be less affected by nucleus basalis-lesions. Unilateral lesions had no effect on prefrontal cortex norepinephrine, serotonin, or dopamine content at 14 months post-lesioning. These different neurochemical effects of unilateral and bilateral nucleus basalis lesions may be important for developing a model for the trans-synaptic effects of cortical cholinergic deafferentation.     

卡泊三醇对白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织中IL-18 及IFN-r水平的影响

目的：探讨卡泊三醇对白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织中IL-18 及IFN-r水平的影响。方法：收集我院收治的白癜风患者122例, 随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组予外用补骨脂酊治疗,实验组给予外用卡泊三醇软膏。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后皮损面 积、不良反应发生情况以及血清和皮肤组织液中IL-18 及IFN-r水平的变化情况。结果：与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后白斑皮损 面积均显著缩小(P＜0.05),血清及皮肤组织液IL-8 与INF-酌水平均明显降低(P＜0.05)。与对照组相比,实验组治疗后白斑皮损面 积更小(P＜0.05),血清及皮肤组织液IL-18及IFN-r含量较低(P＜0.05)。结论：卡泊三醇能够有效改善白癜风患者的临床症状,且 安全性较高,值得临床推广应用,这可能与其降低白癜风患者血清及皮肤组织液中IL-18 及IFN-酌水平有关。     

四维子宫输卵管超声造影假阳性与假阴性的原因分析

目的:调查与分析四维子宫输卵管超声造影假阳性与假阴性的原因.方法:选择2015年6月到2019年8月在本院妇产科临床初步诊断为输卵管不孕症患者125例,所有患者都给予X线子宫输卵管碘油造影(Hysterosalp ingography,HSG)与四维子宫输卵管超声造影,记录诊断效果、不良反应,判断假阳性与假阴性的发生原...