北京西山杏石口组的鱼化石

本文记述了北京西山杏石口组的—占鳕——Xingshikous xishanensis gen. et sp. nov.,其形态与延长群的 Triassodus 和石拐群召沟组的 Daqingshaniscus 有所相似,但更近似后者.根据古鳕类的进化水平,推证含鱼化石沉积杏石口组的时代为早侏罗世.文中还讨论了我国北方古鳕类基干支的某些分子如 Turfania、Triassodus、Xingshikous、Daqingshaniscus 和 Uighuroniscus 的分布及其生物地层意义.     

大数据背景下北京市大型居住区通勤绿道选线研究

近年来,随着城市交通拥堵和环境污染等问题的日益凸显,自行车作为通勤出行方式的地位逐渐上升,通勤者对建立不受机动车干扰的、连续的、具备通勤功能的城市绿色道路的需求也在不断增加。绿色道路的线路建设不仅要保障空间可实施性和交通环境质量,还要与居民的通勤出行需求紧密结合,实现绿道使用的综合效益最大化。基于此,研究以北京市回龙观地区为对象,采用与居民出行行为有关的数据,识别郊区居民中短程通勤特征,划定主要通勤范围,探究基于居民真实出行的多源大数据的选线方法,通过基于通勤出行需求强度与吸引强度的绿道节点甄选与路段适宜性的评价分析。最后,通过GIS网络分析功能进行最优线路选择,并结合城市公园、绿地、河流等资源的分布情况进行修正,形成一条满足居民通勤需求的、完整互联的、安全的且具备较强实施性的绿色通道。最终达到降低居民通勤时耗、提升区域可达性、完善城市慢行系统网络的目的。     

Diagnosis of Distant Metastasis of Lung Cancer: Based on Clinical and Radiomic Features

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the distant metastasis possibility based on computed tomography (CT) radiomic features in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 348 patients with lung cancer enrolled between 2014 and February 2015. A feature set containing clinical features and 485 radiomic features was extracted from the pretherapy CT images. Feature selection via concave minimization (FSV) was used to select effective features. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of each feature. RESULTS: Four radiomic features and three clinical features were obtained by FSV feature selection. Classification accuracy by the proposed SVM with SGD method was 71.02%, and the area under the curve was 72.84% with only the radiomic features extracted from CT. After the addition of clinical features, 89.09% can be achieved. CONCLUSION: The radiomic features of the pretherapy CT images may be used as predictors of distant metastasis. And it also can be used in combination with the patient's gender and tumor T and N phase information to diagnose the possibility of distant metastasis in lung cancer.     

北京瘤角姬蜂属Pleolophus二新种：膜翅目：姬蜂科：沟姬蜂亚科

本文记述从北京昌平县泰陵乡采到的瘤角姬蜂属２新种：核桃黑瘤角姬蜂Ｐｌｅｏｌｏｐｈｕｓ ｈｅｔａｏｈｅｉ和北京瘤角姬蜂Ｐｌｅｏｌｏｐｈｕｓ ｂｅｉｊｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ。寄主均为核桃举肢蛾Ａｔｒｉｊｕｇｌａｎｓ ｈｅｔａｏｈｅｉ Ｙａｎｇ的蛹。模式标本保存于北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

兰州地区植被的历史演替

文章揭示了兰州地区植被的历史演替过程。结果表明：该地区从早更新世以来,有5种植被型：（1）草原,主要分布于黄土丘陵沟壑区和河谷地带;（2）森林和森林草原,主要分布于较高的山地;（3）其它还有疏林草原和荒漠植被。     

Ecogeography of the grass genusHelictotrichon (Poaceae: Aveneae) in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions

The geographical distribution of the grass genusHelictotrichon in the Mediterranean Region is analysed and mapped for 33 taxa. Based on only a single life form (perennial herb), a variety of edaphically, climatically and altitudinally differently adapted species complexes has evolved in the area. Most of these complexes show west-east disjunctions and contain geographically, sometimes even edaphically vicarious taxa with complementary distribution. A transition from mesomorphic to xeromorphic habit occurred independently in different species groups and led to the establishment of the modern Mediterranean taxa which are in part highly polyploid derivatives of more mesophilic diploids. The significance of polyploidy, patterns of parapatric and sympatric distribution, biogeographical borders, and centres of species diversity are discussed in context with the history of the Mediterranean vegetation. New combinations are:Helictotrichon setaceum subsp.petzense, H. pratense subsp.lusitanicum, H. praetutianum.     

低分子量硫酸葡聚糖对小鼠造血干细胞动员作用的研究

给小鼠静脉注射低分子量（＜１０￣４ｕ）硫酸葡聚糖（ＤＳ）１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ后外周血中白细胞、单个核细胞（ｍｏｎｏｎｕｃｌｅａｒｃｅｋ,ＭＮＣ）、ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ、ＢＦＵ－Ｅ和ＣＦＵ－Ｍｉｘ产率等指标出现时相性变化。给药后１ｈ开始升高,２ｈ达到高峰、分别为药前值的２．２、２．６、３．８、４．４和３．０倍,７ｈ时趋向正常。给药后２ｈ上述各类细胞在外周血中的含量随着ＤＳ的剂量增加而增加。白细胞、ＭＮＣ计数在ＤＳ１８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ时达到峰值,均为对照组的４倍。２４０ｍｇ／ｋ８时未见明显增加。不同剂量ＤＳ对各系祖细胞均有不同程度的动员作用,ＤＳ剂量１５－３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ效果最好,每升血中ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ、ＢＦＵ－Ｅ、ＣＦＵ－Ｍｉｘ的数量分别相当于对照组的５．０、１１．９和８．８倍。其峰值出现时间与白细胞、ＭＮＣ不同,表明ＤＳ对不同类型细胞的作用机制也不尽一致。经口给小鼠投以ＤＳ２４０和４８ｏｍｇ／ｋｇ后,未见外周血中白细胞、ＭＮＣ计数有显著性升高,提示对造血干细胞没有动员作用。