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11.
5-硝基咪唑类药物广泛应用于厌氧菌感染症的临床治疗,近几年厌氧菌5-硝基咪唑抗性菌株的报道有所增加。本文介绍分离自类杆菌的编码抗5-硝基咪唑抗性质粒pIP419的研究结果。pIP419分子量为10kb,已建立了限制性内切酶物理图谱。该质粒可通过接合和转化在不同的菌种或菌株间转移。质粒上负责质粒复制和转移的基因片段已被定位和克隆。 相似文献
12.
本文对从根管中分离的产黑色素类杆菌群的部分菌株:牙髓类杆菌、牙龈类杆菌、中间型类杆菌、产黑色素类杆菌的表面结构进行了电镜观察。观察发现牙髓类杆菌、牙龈类杆菌表面有放射状排列的菌毛样结构;牙龈类杆菌表面有荚膜;多数细菌的细胞膜外有多个小泡状结构;这些结构可能在细菌吸附于组织的过程中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
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14.
本实验从幼儿园和小学一年级的学生中选择5-8岁的无龋齿和有龋齿的儿童各45例,进行牙齿表面的菌群分布与龋齿关系的研究,结果在有龋组中分离到变形链球菌8株,放线菌6株及拟杆菌26株,而在无龋组中未分离到变形链球菌,分离到放线菌1株,拟杆菌14株,两组比较,以上三种菌有显著差异(X2检验P<0.05)。说明除变形链球菌是主要的致龋菌外〔1,2〕,还应考虑放线菌和拟杆菌在龋齿发生上的作用。此外,我们还发现两组的兼性厌氧菌的分布也有所不同,无龋组中分离到棒状杆菌29株,而有龋组中分离到棒状杆菌11株,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌7株,两组也有明显差异,故我们认为龋齿发生的原因可能是多方面的,就病原菌来说,也可能是多种细菌的混合作用,从两组兼性厌氧菌与无芽胞厌氧菌的分布不同来看,亦应考虑龋齿的发生与口腔内生态平衡有关 相似文献
15.
Abstract Estimates of Bacteroides succinogenes in the rumen of two sheep fed a maize-straw diet exceeded 108 per g of rumen ingesta and were even higher when the straw was supplemented with pelleted maize grain. A number of B. succinogenes strains were characterized in some detail and very few were found to ferment starch. Cells of freshly isolated strains lost viability more rapidly when grown on agar medium than did cells of strains which had been subjected to more transfers. 相似文献
16.
Donghyun Ka Dayoun Kim Gyeongyun Baek Euiyoung Bae 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins constitute an RNA-guided microbial defense system against invading foreign genetic materials. Cas2 is one of the core Cas proteins found universally in all the subtypes of CRISPR-Cas systems and is required for incorporating new spacers into CRISPR loci. Cas2 homologues from different CRISPR-Cas subtypes were characterized previously as metal-dependent nucleases with different substrate preferences, and it was proposed that a pH-dependent conformational change mediates metal binding and catalysis. Here, we report the crystal structures of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas2 at three different pHs (5.6, 6.5, and 7.5), as well as the results of its nuclease activity assay against double-stranded DNAs at varying pHs (6.0–9.0). Although S. pyogenes Cas2 exhibited strongly pH-dependent catalytic activity, there was no significant conformational difference among the three crystal structures. However, structural comparisons with other Cas2 homologues revealed structural variability and the flexible nature of its putative hinge regions, supporting the hypothesis that conformational switching is important for catalysis. Taken together, our results confirm that Cas2 proteins have pH-dependent nuclease activity against double-stranded DNAs, and provide indirect structural evidence for their conformational changes. 相似文献
17.
In this study, the role of Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2) in immune responses of murine peritoneal mesothelial cells against Bacteroides fragilis was investigated. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure cytokines and chemokines. Activation of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB‐α) and mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) was investigated by western blot analysis. B. fragilis induced production of interleukin‐6, chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) and chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in wild type peritoneal mesothelial cells; this was impaired in TLR2‐deficient cells. In addition, in response to B. fragilis, phosphorylation of inhibitory NF‐κB‐α and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) was induced in wild type mesothelial cells, but not in TLR2‐deficient cells,. Inhibitor assay revealed that NF‐κB and MAPKs are essential for B. fragilis‐induced production of CXCL1 and CCL2 in mesothelial cells. These findings suggest that TLR2 mediates immune responses in peritoneal mesothelial cells in response to B. fragilis. 相似文献
18.
《中国微生态学杂志》1989,(1)
对类杆菌属常见的9个菌种25个菌株作电镜观察,观察到类杆菌表面凹凸不平和纤维状物质,其细胞壁与其它革兰氏阴性杆菌一样具有三个电子致密层和二个电子透明层在菌细胞中央有电子透明区的丝状结构和电子密度高的核蛋白体。还观察到荚膜及菌体外的微泡结构。使用电予显微镜作超微结构观察有助于深入研究厌氧菌细胞的结构和功能。 相似文献
19.
银屑病被认为是一种T细胞主导的炎症性疾病,其发病与肠道菌群失调密切相关。脆弱拟杆菌 (Bacteroides fragilis,BF) 可通过调节T细胞的细胞因子表达起抗炎作用。目前尚无脆弱拟杆菌用于治疗银屑病的相关报道,文中率先探究脆弱拟杆菌BF839对银屑病的治疗效果。选择2019年4月至2019年10月广州医科大学附属第二医院就诊的27例银屑病患者,维持原治疗不变,口服脆弱拟杆菌BF839 12周,对比治疗前后银屑病皮损面积与严重程度指数 (Psoriasis area and severity index,PASI) 评分,统计治疗12周后药物减停率。结果表明,12周试验完成率为96.3% (26/27),12周PASI30 (PASIN定义为治疗后PASI评分下降≥N%的患者比例) 为65.4%,PASI50为42.3%,PASI75为19.2%;治疗前PASI评分为9.1±5.9,治疗12周后PASI评分为5.8±4.9,具有显著统计学差异 (P<0.01);治疗12周后皮肤瘙痒程度用视觉模拟量表 (Visual analog scale,VAS) 评分有效率为42.3%,治疗前VAS评分为2.9±2.2,治疗12周后VAS评分为2.3±2.1,无显著统计学差异 (P>0.05)。患者治疗12周内不良反应率为3.8% (1/26),其中便秘1例,药物减停率为60.0%。以上结果提示脆弱拟杆菌BF839可能对银屑病治疗有一定疗效,可降低PASI评分及药物使用率,不良反应少,值得进一步研究。 相似文献
20.
Kwang-Hyun Park Min-Gyu Kim Hee-Jeong Ahn Dae-Han Lee Jin-Hyo Kim Young-Wan Kim Eui-Jeon Woo 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics》2013,1834(8):1510-1519
Sialidases release the terminal sialic acid residue from a wide range of sialic acid-containing polysaccharides. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a symbiotic commensal microbe, resides in and dominates the human intestinal tract. We characterized the recombinant sialidase from B. thetaiotaomicron (BTSA) and demonstrated that it has broad substrate specificity with a relative activity of 97, 100 and 64 for 2,3-, 2,6- and 2,8-linked sialic substrates, respectively. The hydrolysis activity of BTSA was inhibited by a transition state analogue, 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetyl neuraminic acid, by competitive inhibition with a Ki value of 35 μM. The structure of BSTA was determined at a resolution of 2.3 Å. This structure exhibited a unique carbohydrate-binding domain (CBM) at its N-terminus (a.a. 23–190) that is adjacent to the catalytic domain (a.a. 191–535). The catalytic domain has a conserved arginine triad with a wide-open entrance for the substrate that exposes the catalytic residue to the surface. Unlike other pathogenic sialidases, the polysaccharide-binding site in the CBM is near the active site and possibly holds and positions the polysaccharide substrate directly at the active site. The structural feature of a wide substrate-binding groove and closer proximity of the polysaccharide-binding site to the active site could be a unique signature of the commensal sialidase BTSA and provide a molecular basis for its pharmaceutical application. 相似文献