低氧对肺动脉内皮细胞PDGF—B链释放及平滑肌细胞生长的影响

应用蛋白ｄｏｔｂｌｏｔ技术检测了低氧内皮细胞条件培养液（ＨＥＣＣＭ）和常氧内皮细胞条件培养液（ＮＥＣＣＭ）内ＰＤＧＦ相对含量,并利用［３Ｈ］－ＴｄＲ掺入法和流式细胞术观察了ＨＥＣＣＭ和ＮＥＣＣＭ及加入特异ＰＤＧＦ抗体对肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭＣ）生长的影响。结果表明,ＨＥＣＣＭ中的ＰＤＧＦ含量明显高于ＮＥＣＣＭ;ＨＥＣＣＭ能明显增强ＰＡＳＭＣ内ＤＮＡ合成,促进ＰＡＳＭＣ从Ｇｏ／Ｇ１期进入Ｓ期;当预先加入ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ链抗体时,则会明显地抑制ＨＥＣＣＭ对ＰＡＳＭＣ的ＤＮＡ合成,阻止ＰＡＳＭＣ从Ｇｏ／Ｇ１期进入Ｓ期。结果提示,低氧时ＰＡＳＭＣ增殖与肺动脉内皮细胞分泌释放ＰＤＧＦ增加有关     

以每搏量变异度为指导的目标导向液体治疗对肝癌手术患者血流动力学、应激反应及肝肾功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察以每搏量变异度（SVV）为指导的目标导向液体治疗对肝癌手术患者血流动力学、应激反应及肝肾功能的影响。方法：选择2019年4月~2022年1月期间我院收治的肝癌手术患者98例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组[控制性低中心静脉压（CLCVP）指导的目标导向液体治疗,49例]和研究组（SVV为指导的目标导向液体治疗,49例）。对比两组临床指标、血流动力学、肝肾功能指标、应激反应、并发症发生率。结果：研究组的输液量、围术期失血量、围术期输血量少于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后1d、术后3d谷草转氨酶（AST）、总胆红素（DBIL）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）均升高后下降,且研究组的变化程度小于对照组（P<0.05）。两组手术开始（T1）~术毕（T4）时间点心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）下降后升高（P<0.05）,T1~T4时间点研究组HR、MAP高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后1 d、术后3 d皮质醇（Cor）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）均升高后下降,且研究组的变化程度小于对照组（P<0.05）。两组并发症发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：肝癌手术患者选用SVV为指导的目标导向液体治疗,可维持血流动力学稳定,减轻应激反应及肝肾功能损伤。     

基于CT血管成像的血流储备分数对肺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨基于CT血管成像的血流储备分数对肺癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值。方法:2018年1月到11月选择在本院进行诊治的肺癌患者60例,所有患者都给予常规CT检查与CT血管成像,记录成像特征与相关血流储备分数-血流量(blood flow,BF)、血容量(blood volume,BV)、平均通过时间(mean transit time,MTT),判断诊断价值。结果:在60例患者中,病理确诊为淋巴结转移20例,非淋巴结转移40例。转移组的毛刺征、分叶征、棘突征、空泡征等CT征象发生率显著高于非转移组(P0.05)。转移组的肺动脉BF、BV值显著低于非转移组(P0.05),MTT值显著高于非转移组(P0.05)。在60例患者中,Spearman相关分析显示淋巴结转移与MTT成显著正相关性(P0.05),与BF、BV值成显著负相关性(P0.05)。结论:CT血管成像在肺癌中的应用能反映患者的血流储备分数状况,有利于判断患者的淋巴结转移情况,有很好的应用价值。     

海南岛热带山地雨林林分生物量估测方法比较分析

本文通过对海南岛热带山地雨林林分生物量估测方法的比较分析,表明材积转换法不适宜估算海南岛热带山地雨林林分生物量,其结果与皆伐法相比较一般偏高20％—40％;而用实测资料建立的生物量回归模型,对原始林林分有较好的估测结果,除树枝和树叶生物量外,树干、树皮及地上部分生物量的回归模型值,与皆伐法的结果比较,相对误差一般在±10％以内,为允许误差范围,而对热带山地雨林的更新林生物量的估测则效果较差,应建立相应的估测模型。平均木法有工作量小的优点,且误差也在16％以下,但要注意取样的树种多样性和取样强度,在实际中应当慎用。另外本文对测定热带山地雨林生物量(原始林)的所需面积大小问题作了研究,提出了生物量-面积曲线的概念,确定其最小调查面积为2500m~2以上。     

三维适形放疗治疗食管鳞癌的近期疗效、生存率及预后的影响因素分析

目的:观察三维适形放疗治疗食管鳞癌的近期疗效、生存率并分析其预后的影响因素。方法:纳入我院从2010年11月～2016年10月收治的食管鳞癌患者150例进行研究,按治疗方式的不同分成研究组(n=84,三维适形放疗治疗)和常规组(n=66,常规放疗治疗)。随访3年,比较两组近期疗效、毒副反应发生情况以及3年生存情况。单因素分析研究组患者3年生存情况与性别、年龄、病变长度、病变部位、大体肿瘤体积(GTV)的关系,多因素Logistic回归分析三维适形放疗食管鳞癌患者预后的影响因素。结果:研究组治疗总有效率显著优于常规组(P0.05)。研究组放射性食管损伤、血液毒性反应发生率均显著低于常规组(均P0.05)。研究组1、2、3年存活率均显著高于常规组(均P0.05)。单因素Logistic分析结果显示:不同年龄、病变长度、病变部位以及GTV的食管鳞癌患者三年生存率比较差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现年龄≥70岁、病变长度≥50 mm、病变部位为胸下段、GTV≥40 cm3均是三维适形放疗食管鳞癌患者3年内死亡的危险因素。结论:三维适形放疗治疗食管鳞癌患者的近期疗效优于常规放疗,可降低毒副反应发生率,提高生存率。年龄≥70岁、病变长度≥50 mm、病变部位为胸下段、GTV≥40 cm~3均是三维适形放疗食管鳞癌患者3年内死亡的危险因素,值得临床重点关注。     

高加索三叶草花蜜腺发育解剖及小花糖分变化研究

【目的】高加索三叶草是优良的蜜源植物,了解其花蜜腺形态特征、组织结构及其发育规律对认识其小花糖分变化规律和合理利用该植物资源具有重要意义。【方法】选择生长良好的高加索三叶草标准株,分别在小花的不同发育时期,即现蕾期、露冠期、初花期、盛花期和谢花期采样。利用石蜡切片技术,观察小花细胞组织结构。采用毛细管法吸取小花花蜜,用生理试剂盒-分光光度法测定初花期、盛花期和谢花期小花的可溶性糖(包含蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖)和淀粉等糖分营养指标。【结果】结果表明,(1)单个小花的花蜜量为0.394±0.095μL,每平方米花蜜量为4536.93±1319.34μL。(2)蜜腺位于9枚合生雄蕊的花丝内侧基部,属于雄蕊蜜腺。经PAS 染色,蜜腺组织在整个泌蜜过程中淀粉粒有明显的动态变化,属于淀粉型蜜腺。(3)小花的可溶性糖含量在盛花期最高,为7.978mg/g;可溶性糖各组分中果糖占比最大,初花期占比最高,为66%,后逐渐下降;淀粉含量占全糖含量的81%~82%,其中盛花期最高,为35.173mg/g,初花期最低,为24.168 mg/g。【结论】高加索三叶草花蜜腺属于雄蕊蜜腺,蜜腺由分泌表皮细胞和泌蜜细胞构成。原蜜由蜜腺相邻的花托维管束提供,经蜜腺细胞加工成蜜汁,最后由表皮的气孔泌出。高加索三叶草小花的可溶性糖含量在盛花期时最高,其中果糖的占比最大。     

Simultaneous achievement of accurate CT number and image quality improvement for myocardial perfusion CT at 320-MDCT volume scanning

PurposeTo investigate differences in image-to-image variations between full- and half-scan reconstruction on myocardial CT perfusion (CTP) study.MethodsUsing a cardiac phantom we performed ECG-gated myocardial CTP on a second-generation 320-multidetector CT volume scanner. The heart rate was set at 60 bpm; once per second for a total of 24 s were performed. CT images were acquired at 80- and 120 kVp and subjected to full- and half-scan reconstruction. On images acquired at the same slice level we then measured image-to-image variations, coefficients of variance (CV), and image noise.ResultsThe image-to-image variations with full- and half-scan reconstruction were 1.3 HU vs. 27.2 HU at 80 kVp (p < 0.001) and 0.70 HU vs. 9.3 HU at 120 kVp (p < 0.001) even though the mean HU value was almost the same for both reconstruction methods. The CV of 80- and 120-kVp images of the left ventricular cavity decreased by 0.16% and 0.17%, respectively, with full-scan reconstruction; with half-scan reconstruction it decreased by 3.34% and 2.30%, respectively. Compared with half-scan reconstruction, the image noise was reduced by 27.2% at 80 kVp and by 28.0% at 120 kVp with full-scan reconstruction.ConclusionMyocardial CTP with full-scan reconstruction substantially decreased image-to-image variations and provided accurate CT attenuation.     

Correlation between the compact regions predicted by the Average Distance Map (ADM) and the biologically active sites in atrial natriuretic peptide

The prediction of the short-range compact regions of human atrial natriuretic peptide (a-hANP), one of the biologically active peptides, has been made by means of the Average Distance Map(ADM). We found out that the location of the predicted short-range compact regions is consistent with the structural units determined by the NMR analysis (Kobayashiet al., 1988). Furthermore, the short-range compact regions correspond well to the biologically active areas of atriopeptin (103–125)-amide (which is homologous peptide toa-hANP), detected by the glycine substitution technique (Konishiet al., 1987). The results suggest that a predicted short-range compact region can be regarded as a possible active site in a biologically active peptide.     

Ca2+-dependent cross-linking processes in human platelets

When platelet cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ is increased by the ionophore A23187 in the presence of the protease inhibitor leupeptin, there is the coincident appearance of a cross-linked polymer and the partial disappearance of monomeric protein and glycoprotein units. In the absence of leupeptin only 30% of the polymer was formed. The disappearance of monomeric protein bands, as detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is prevented by histamine, which as a pseudodonor amine is a known inhibitor of transglutaminase-catalyzed cross-linking. [¹⁴C]Histamine, at a tracer concentration, is incorporated into the polymer as well as into myosin, glycoproteins IIB and III, actin and tropomyosin. The lose of monomeric protein bands is mostly due to their conversion into polymers. Control measurements show that leupeptin effectively inhibited platelet Ca²⁺-dependent proteases. The cross-linking processes bringing about the observed increase in polymer formation are thus the result of a Ca²⁺-dependent platelet transglutaminase activity. The latter is located in the platelet cytosol and has been identified as platelet factor XIII on the basis of its specific cross-linking of fibrin. Platelet factor XIII, upon activation, may function physiologically to couple membrane proteins to cytoplasmic structural proteins. Thus, a new concept is proposed for the stabilization of platelet membranes and platelets as they form the hemostatic plug.