不同浓度罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于人工髋关节置换手术对患者麻醉效果和术后运动功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨不同浓度罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于人工髋关节置换手术对患者麻醉效果和术后运动功能的影响。方法：2017年2月至2019年12月选择在本院进行人工髋关节置换手术的患者84例,根据随机数字表法把患者分为观察组与对照组各42例。两组都给予腰硬联合麻醉,对照组采用常规浓度0.5 %罗哌卡因麻醉观察组采用低浓度0.375 %罗哌卡因麻醉,记录患者麻醉效果和术后运动功能变化情况。结果：观察组的麻醉持续时间、运动恢复时间和感觉运动时间都显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组麻醉后10 min、30 min、60 min的Bromage评分都低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后7 d的低血压、恶心呕吐、头晕头痛、尿潴留等不良反应发生率为7.1 %,显著低于对照组的19.0 %(P<0.05)。两组所有患者在术后2 h、术后4 h、术后24 h的呼吸、心率均在正常范围内波动,组间与组内对比都无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：低浓度罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于人工髋关节置换手术能改善患者的麻醉效果和运动功能,提高麻醉效果,并不影响患者的生命体征,且能减少术后不良反应的发生。     

Effects of artificial light on the larvae of the firefly Lamprigera sp. in an urban city park,Peninsular Malaysia

Firefly populations are threatened globally by habitat alteration, pesticide use, and anthropogenic sources of light. Lamprigera fireflies were recently reported at an urban city park in Kuala Lumpur, Peninsular Malaysia. Here we report on the responses of Lamprigera larvae to artificial light from street lamps on paved park trails. Larvae were located farther from artificial light sources when street lamps were illuminated than when they were not, and mostly where light intensities were lowest, off park trails. Larvae that were located within the direct field of illumination tended to be immobile, whereas, when street lamps were turned off, they actively travelled paved trails. Larvae positioned directly in the path of downwelling light from street lamps at dusk may therefore experience an effectively longer diurnal period, limited time for active foraging, and greater exposure to pedestrian traffic.     

Artificial neural network and response surface methodology: a comparative analysis for optimizing rice straw pretreatment and saccharification

Abstract

The present study demonstrates a comparative analysis between the artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM) as optimization tools for pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic rice straw. The efficacy for both the processes, that is, pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated using correlation coefficient (R²) & mean squared error (MSE). The values of R² obtained by ANN after training, validation, and testing were 1, 0.9005, and 0.997 for pretreatment and 0.962, 0.923, and 0.9941 for enzymatic saccharification, respectively. On the other hand, the R² values obtained with RSM were 0.9965 for cellulose recovery and 0.9994 for saccharification efficiency. Thus, ANN and RSM together successfully identify the substantial process conditions for rice straw pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification. The percentage of error for ANN and RSM were 0.009 and 0.01 for cellulose recovery and for 0.004 and 0.005 for saccharification efficiency, respectively, which showed the authority of ANN in exemplifying the non-linear behavior of the system.     

苄非他明人工抗原合成

目的: 通过化学方法对苄非他明进行结构修饰并保留抗原决定簇,将结构改造后的产物与载体偶联合成苄非他明抗原。方法: 苄非他明经化学修饰后,增加活性基团连接上一类可用的经化学修饰的连接臂,使用碳二亚胺法与载体蛋白偶联成苄非他明人工合成抗原。该抗原通过紫外吸收光光谱扫描技术、SDS-PAGE电泳法及胶体金免疫层析法进行偶联效果和抗原活性的鉴定。结果: 苄非他明半抗原结构与载体偶联成功,该抗原具有较高的纯度和活性,与苄非他明抗体反应表现出较高的特异性。结论: 该方法合成的苄非他明抗原可用于免疫检测方法,也可作免疫原制备相关抗体。     

Dietary intake of artificial food color additives containing food products by school-going children

Nutritional risk in children is associated with food safety. This is the first study to identify the food type consumed by 6–17-year-old school-going children in Saudi Arabia. Eight permitted artificial food color additives, including Tartrazine (E102), Sunset Yellow (E110), Carmoisine (E122), Allura Red (E129), Indigo Carmine (E132), Brilliant Blue (E133), Fast Green (E143), and Black PN (E151), and two non-permitted ones, Erythrosine (E127) and Red 2G (E128), were determined using 24-h dietary recall questionnaires. Artificial color additives in 839 food products were divided into nine categories, including biscuits, cakes, chocolates, chips, ice cream, juices and drinks, candy, jelly, and chewing gum, are determined using high performance liquid chromatography and diode array detector. The results indicated a high intake of juices and drinks, ice cream, and cakes, but low consumption of chewing gum among school-going children. Among the permitted artificial food color additives, Brilliant Blue (E133) (54.1%) and Tartrazine (E102) (42.3%) were the most commonly used. Sunset Yellow (E110) in one chocolate sample, Tartrazine (E102) and Sunset Yellow (E110) in one and two juice and drink samples, respectively, and Brilliant Blue (E133) in two candy samples exceeded the permitted level. Therefore, further investigations are needed to provide insights into the possible adverse health effects of high intake of these additives in artificial food coloring on the test population are warranted.     

Ago-Allosteric Modulation and Other Types of Allostery in Dimeric 7TM Receptors

Conventionally, an allosteric modulator is neutral in respect of efficacy and binds to a receptor site distant from the orthosteric site of the endogenous agonist. However, recently compounds being ago-allosteric modulators have been described i.e., compounds acting both as agonists on their own and as enhancers for the endogenous agonists in both increasing agonist potency and providing additive efficacy—superagonism. The additive efficacy can also be observed with agonists, which are neutral or even negative modulators of the potency of the endogenous ligand. Based on the prevailing dimeric concept for 7TM receptors, it is proposed that the ago-allosteric modulators bind in the orthosteric binding site, but–importantly–in the “other” or allosteric protomer of the dimer. Hereby, they can act both as additive co-agonists, and through intermolecular cooperative effects between the protomers, they may influence the potency of the endogenous agonist. It is of interest that at least some endogenous agonists can only occupy one protomer of a dimeric 7TM receptor complex at a time and thereby they leave the orthosteric binding site in the allosteric protomer free, potentially for binding of exogenous, allosteric modulators. If the allosteric modulator is an agonist, it is an ago-allosteric modulator; if it is neutral, it is a classical enhancer. Molecular mapping in hetero-dimeric class-C receptors, where the endogenous agonist clearly binds only in one protomer, supports the notion that allosteric modulators can act through binding in the “other” protomer. It is suggested that for the in vivo, clinical setting a positive ago-allosteric modulator should be the preferred agonist drug.     

Expression,purification, and characterization of N-terminal His-tagged proteins with mutations in zinc finger 3 of zinc finger protein ZNF191(243–368)

Abstract

Zinc finger protein ZNF191(243–368), the zinc finger region of ZNF191, is potentially associated with cell proliferation in hepatocellular carninoma. A His-tag expression system was used to express and purify proteins with mutations in the zinc finger 3 of ZNF191(243–368) for analysis of protein properties, structure, and functions. The purification of the His-tag fusion proteins was simpler and faster than that of the ZNF191(243–368) inclusion bodies. The properties and structures of the His-tag fusion mutant proteins were investigated using spectrographic techniques and DNA hydrolysis experiment. The His₆-tag system could be used to express ZNF191(243–368). The presence of the His₆-tag at the N-terminus of ZNF191(243–368) did not evidently affect its properties and structure. However, the site-directed mutations in zinc finger 3 affected the structure of the protein. The DNA hydrolase activity of His₆-ZF-F3/H4 suggested that four histidines in zinc finger 3 might form a structure similar to that of the active center in a hydrolase. This work reports that continuous histidines need to form a certain structure for specific functions, and provides new insights into the design of an artificial nuclease.     

Short and Straightforward Synthesis of Triphosphates of Artificial Nucleobase Pairs Displaying Unconventional Pairing Scheme

Concise, facile and efficient synthesis of 5′-O-triphosphates of 6-amino-5-nitro-3-(1′-β-D-2′-deoxyribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridone (dZ) and its Watson-Crick complement 2-amino-8-(1′-β-D-2′-deoxyribofuranosyl)-imidazo[1,2a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)-one (dP) is reported using a one-pot synthetic procedure.