A novel type of meso-diaminopimelic acid-based peptidoglycan and novel poly (erythritol phosphate) teichoic acids in cell walls of two coryneform isolates from the surface flora of French cooked cheeses

The primary structure of the peptidoglycan and the teichoic acids of two coryneform isolates from the surface flora of French cooked cheeses, CNRZ 925 and CNRZ 926, have been determined. In the peptidoglycan, meso-diaminopimelic acid was localized in position three of the peptide subunit. It contained an d-glutamyl-d-aspartyl interpeptide bridge, connecting meso-diaminopimelic acid and d-alanine residues of adjacent peptide subunits. The -carboxyl group of d-glutamic acid in position two of peptide subunits was substituted with glycine amide. The teichoic acid pattern and composition differed between the strains: both contained an erythritol teichoic acid and strain CNRZ 925 also contained an N-acetylglucosaminylphosphate polymer. The erythritol teichoic acids differed in terms of the quality and quantity of substituents, but they both had N,N-diacetyl-2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucuronic acid in common.Abbreviations DNP dinitrophenyl - Ery erythritol - Gal galactose - GlcN glucosamine - GlcNAc N-acetylglucosamine - GlcUANAc₂ N,N-diacetyl-2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucuronic acid - Hex UANAc₂ N,N-diacetyl-2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyhexuronic - acid m-Dpm, meso-diaminopimelic acid - Mur muramic acid - MurNAc N-acetylmuramic acid     

Membrane fluidity in glutamic acid-producing bacteria Brevibacterium sp. ATCC 13869

The bacterial secretion of glutamate was studied through plasma membrane fluidity, measured by anisotropy using the fluorophore TMA-DPH incorporated in the lipid part of the cell membrane. Cells of Brevibacterium sp. ATCC 13869 (wild type) were switched from the biotin-limited, producing state to the biotin-supplemented, non-producing state, and back. The following conclusions could be drawn: 1. It was not possible to detect any change in anisotropy by switching the cells from biotin-limited biotin-supplemented, as well as from biotin-supplemented, to biotin-limited, media. 2. The anisotropy value in the glutamic acid fermentation remains constant during the lag, exponential, growth, production and stationary phases. 3. The treatment of cells with a neutral synthetic polyester of ethylene-and propyleneoxide with soya oil-fatty acids increased the anisotropy values, indicating incorporation of the surfactant. 4. Glutamate secretion is not coupled with membrane fluidity, so a leak providing a general fluidization of the membrane could not be detected.     

花馔及其氨基酸营养

应用日立835 50型高效氨基酸自动分析仪,对十五种常见食用花卉干样进行了水解蛋白氢基酸成分测定,结果发现:①花馔中酸水解蛋白氨的基酸种类齐全,总氨基酸含量较高,占食用干物质的6.00—29.45％。②花馔中人体必需氨基酸含量丰富,占总氨基酸含量的29.50—42.60％。尤以亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和苏氨酸含量为高。③花馔中甜、鲜类氨基酸含量也较高,分别占总氨基酸的25.94—39.89％,23.35—33.38％,花馔是兼有营养、颜色、美味的天然食物,值得人类利用。     

肝胆显像螯合物—氮基三乙酸单酰苯胺及其类似物的合成

本课题合成四个氮基三乙酸单酰苯胺(IDA)类及其类似物肝胆显像螯合物。(1)用家兔做了肝胆显像扫描实验,其显像效果较好。(2)～(3)为未见报道的化合物。     

肺癌患者胸水游离氨基酸分析

本文对11例肺癌患者胸水13种游离氨基酸作了分析,并与28例正常人血浆游离氨基酸水平作了对照,结果表明:肺癌患者胸水的必需及非必需氨基酸普遍高于正常人血浆游离氨基酸,但其胸水谷氨酰胺水平则明显低于正常人血浆水平。     

几种药物对HL-60细胞的诱导分化作用及其过程中蛋白激酶C活力分布的变化

本文就HHT、RA、WB_(852)对HL-60细胞的诱导分化作用及此过程中PKC活力在细胞胞浆部分及膜溶脱部分的变化进行研究。结果表明,在适当的用药浓度下,从细胞生长抑制情况、形态学观察及NBT还原能力测定判断,三种药物对HL-60细胞有明显的诱导分化作用。PKC活力分布变化的研究结果表明,用药组细胞胞浆部分酶活力有不同程度的下降,尤在用药早期(约6h以前)下降显著;而膜部分PKC活力则表现上升、或下降,或活力相差不大的结果。暗示在信息传递过程中起核心作用的PKC对不同的胞外刺激可能采取不同的应答方式。PKC的作用可能主要发生在信息传递的早期。     

视黄酸对人肝癌细胞表面N糖链类型及天线数的影响

本文采用系列凝集素柱层析法,并配合外切糖苷酶处理研究了在视黄酸(RA)作用1—5天过程中人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721细胞表面N糖链结构的变化。结果表明,RA促进3~H-甘露糖(Man)参入细胞表面N糖链,使高甘露糖型N糖链的百分比下降,复杂型百分比上升,并促进二天线N糖链的生物合成,使多天线特别是四天线和C_2,C_(21)b三天线N糖链的合成减少。结果提示,N糖链结构的这些变化可能是RA诱导SMMC-7721细胞向正常方向分化的结果。     

戊型肝炎病毒中国XT—179株全基因组Cdna克隆及其核苷酸和氨基酸序列分析

本文报道对中国新疆东部一起戊型肝炎流行高峰期间,由ＨＥ患者烘便中分离到的型肝炎病毒中国ＸＴ－１７９株进行全基因ｃＤＮＡ克隆、核苷酸和氨基酸序列测定及分析结果。所阐明的ＨＥＶ－ＸＴ－１７９株基因组全序列由７１９４个核苷酸和３＇端的多聚腺嘌呤核苷酸尾组成。四种核苷酸的含量腺嘌呤（Ａ）为１７．０％,胞嘧啶（Ｃ）为３１．９％,鸟嘌呤（Ｇ）为２６．０,尿嘧啶（Ｕ）为２５．１％。Ｇ＋Ｃ含量为５７．９％。全基因     

骨缘当归的化学成分

骨缘当归Angellica cartilaginomarginata var.foliata Yuan et Shen,别名:山藁本、野芹菜（江苏）,仅分布于江苏和浙江。在江苏镇江等地用干燥全草作山藁本入药,其化学成分未见报道。 样品采自江苏省句容县。将干根磨粉,提取物经中性氧化铝层析,根据色谱及光谱鉴定为两种脂肪酸、四种已知香豆素和一种植物甾醇即:正葵酸（n-capric acid）、月桂酸（lauric acid）、骨缘当归素（cartilaginomarginadin）、蝉翼素（pteryxin）、白花前胡素F（praeruptorin F）、佛手柑内酯（bergapten）及β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）。     

Proteomics analysis of meclofenamic acid-treated small cell lung carcinoma cells revealed changes in cellular energy metabolism for cancer cell survival

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive cancer with low survival rate. Although initial response to chemotherapy in SCLC patients is well-rated, the treatments applied after the disease relapses are not successful. Drug resistance is accepted to be one of the main reasons for this failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new treatment strategies for SCLC. Meclofenamic acid, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to have anticancer effects on various types of cancers via different mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations that meclofenamic acid caused on a SCLC cell line, DMS114 using the tools of proteomics namely two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to MALDI-TOF/TOF and nHPLC coupled to LC-MS/MS. Among the proteins identified by both methods, those showing significantly altered expression levels were evaluated using bioinformatics databases, PANTHER and STRING. The key altered metabolism upon meclofenamic acid treatment appeared to the cellular energy metabolism. Glycolysis was suppressed, whereas mitochondrial activity and oxidative phosphorylation were boosted. The cells underwent metabolic reprogramming to adapt into their new environment for survival. Metabolic reprogramming is known to cause drug resistance in several cancer types including SCLC. The identified differentially regulated proteins in here associated with energy metabolism hold value as the potential targets to overcome drug resistance in SCLC treatment.