Effects of Nerve Growth Factor and Phorbol Derivative on Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Cultured Cells of Latently Infected Adult Mouse Trigeminal Ganglia

Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) occurred rapidly in cells of latently infected adult mouse trigeminal ganglia which were cultured in serum-free medium in the presence of sufficient nerve growth factor (NGF). However, HSV-1 reactivation was delayed significantly in ganglionic cultures in the absence of exogenous NGF or in cultures treated with 2-aminopurine in the presence of NGF. The delayed viral reactivation in ganglionic cultures without NGF was accelerated by treatment with phorbol myristate acetate or dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Culture conditions which affected HSV-1 reactivation did not affect replication of HSV-1 in normal ganglionic cultures.     

大豆结瘤突变体成分的初步分析及其对硝酸还原酶活性和结瘤的影响

超结瘤大豆（Ｇｌｙｃｉｎｅ ｍ ａｘ （Ｌ．） Ｍｅｒｒ．） ｎｔｓ ３８２ 和不结瘤大豆Ｎｏｄ ４９ 的叶和根组织水提取物经Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ２５ 过滤、洗脱,再根据洗脱物对硝酸还原酶（ＮＲ）活性的影响可划分为４ 个组分（ｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎ）样品,即ｎｔｓ ３８２（Ｎｏｄ ４９） Ｆ１、ｎｔｓ ３８２（Ｎｏｄ ４９） Ｆ２、ｎｔｓ ３８２（Ｎｏｄ ４９） Ｆ３ 和ｎｔｓ ３８２（Ｎｏｄ ４９） Ｆ４。其中, ｎｔｓ３８２ Ｆ２ 和Ｆ４ 抑制ＮＲ 活性作用在接种ＵＳＤＡ１１０ 后明显下降, 但接种的ｎｔｓ ３８２ Ｆ２ 却能提高大豆Ｂｒａｇｇ 的结瘤数达一倍, 而接种的ｎｔｓ ３８２ Ｆ３ 和Ｆ４ 的作用不明显。ＮＲ 活性抑制因子不是刺激结瘤的因子, 刺激结瘤的因子主要分布在接种的ｎｔｓ３８２ Ｆ２ 部分中。与这一现象相反, Ｎｏｄ ４９ Ｆ２ 和Ｆ４ 抑制ＮＲ活性的作用在接种后更强, 且也抑制大豆ｎｔｓ ３８２ 的结瘤, 其中Ｎｏｄ ４９ Ｆ４ 抑制结瘤的作用基本不能逆转。抑制结瘤因子主要分布在接过种的Ｎｏｄ ４９ Ｆ４ 部分中     

细胞外Ca^2＋内流入胞质的机制

细胞外Ｃａ＾２＋主要是通过塌压依赖性Ｃａ＾２＋通道和钙池耗竭依赖性Ｃａ＾２＋通道而内流的。前者主要见于电兴奋细胞,这一过程比较清楚;后者主要见非兴奋细胞,情况远较复杂：外来信号激活内贮钙池,钙池在释放Ｃａ＾２＋同时通过目前尚不清楚的途径将直接或间接传至质膜Ｃａ＾２＋通道,而诱发Ｃａ＾２＋内流。     

Elongation factor 1α genes of the red alga Porphyra purpurea include a novel, developmentally specialized variant

The life cycle of the red alga Porphyra purpurea alternates between two morphologically distinct phases: a shell-boring, filamentous sporophyte and a free-living, foliose gametophyte. From a subtracted cDNA library enriched for sporophyte-specific sequences, we isolated a cDNA encoding an unusual elongation factor 1 (EF-1) that is expressed only in the sporophyte. A second EF-1 gene that is expressed equally in the sporophyte and the gametophyte was isolated from a genomic library. These are the only EF-1 genes detectable in P. purpurea. The constitutively expressed gene encodes and EF-1 very similar to those of most eukaryotes. However, the sporophyte-specific EF-1 is one of the most divergent yet described, with nine insertions or deletions ranging in size from 1 to 26 amino acids. This is the first report of a developmental stage-specific EF-1 outside of the animal kingdom and suggests a fundamental role for EF-1 in the developmental process.     

Shoot Sr concentrations in relation to shoot Ca concentrations and to soil properties

This work was aimed to investigate whether shoot Sr concentrations of plant species are related to respective Ca concentrations and to soil properties and to compare the Sr-Ca observed ratios (OR), defined as the quotient of the ratios Sr/Ca in shoots and in the soil solution or in the extractable form, among species and soils. Ten pasture plant species were grown in pots (1-L volume) filled with eight soils differing in the various physicochemical characteristics. Each pot received 50 mg Sr except those of the soil with the highest cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) that received 100 mg Sr per pot. For each soil, shoot Sr concentrations of species were linearly and positively related with the respective Ca concentrations. C.E.C, organic matter content and Ca in the soil solution or in the extractable form were the only soil properties that were related, all negatively, with shoot Sr concentrations. The ratio of extractable Sr and Ca was positively and linearly related with the ratio of Sr and Ca. in the soil solution. OR was affected by both species and soils. Most of OR values of all species in all soils ranged between 0.8 and 1.5, except for the grass Agrostis capillaris which had the highest values for most of soils. This indicates that Agrostis capillaris compared to other species, takes up proportionally more Sr than Ca.     

Liver and intestinal fatty acid binding proteins in control and TGFβ1 gene targeted deficient mice

The effect of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF1) expression on fatty acid binding proteins was examined in control and two strains of gene targeted TGF1-deficient mice. Homozygous TGF1-deficient 129 × CF-1, expressing multifocal inflammatory syndrome, had 25% less liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) when compared to control mice. The decrease in L-FABP expression was not due to multifocal inflammatory syndrome since homozygous TGF1-deficient/immunodeficient C3H mice on a SLID background had 36% lower liver L-FABP than controls. This effect was developmentally related and specific to liver, but not the proximal intestine, where L-FABP is also expressed. Finally, the proximal intestine also expresses intestinal-FABP (1-FABP) which decreased 3-fold in the TGF1-deficient/immunodeficient C3H mice only. Thus, TGF1 appears to regulate the expression of L-FABP and I-FABP in the liver and the proximal intestine, respectively.Abbreviations L-FABP liver fatty acid binding protein - I-FABP intestinal fatty acid binding protein - TGF1 transforming growth factor beta-1 - TNF- tumor necrosis factor- - MIP- macrophage inflammatory protein- - PMSF phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride - PBS phosphate buffered saline